Herbicides for Highway Rights-of-Way

Herbicides for Highway Rights-of-Way

Herbicides for Highway Rights-of-Way

Herbicides for Highway Rights-of-Way¹
J.A. Ferrell and K. A. Langeland²

Tables

Postemergence Broadcast Applications

Herbicide

Rate

Comments

Arsenal or Arsenal Powerline
BASF Corp

64 floz/A

Surfactant required:
0.5% v/v NIS
or
1% v/v MSO

For control of cogongrass and undesirable trees only. DO NOT apply Arsenal to turf or complete death will occur. DO NOT apply Arsenal over the root-zone of desirable trees. Arsenal possesses considerable soil residual activity and application can result in bare ground for several weeks or months. For best results, spray cogongrass when actively growing in the fall.

2,4-D amine
(Hi-Dep, others)

2 to 4 pt/A
Excellent postemergence control of broadleaf weeds including Spanish needle, pigweed, Carolina geranium, and wild radish. Possesses little or no soil residual activity against most weeds. The use rate of 2 pt/A will be highly effective on most broadleaf weeds that are less than 4 inches in height. 2,4-D is weak on briars and almost all "brush" weeds.

The Organo-auxin rule must be obeyed when using this herbicide. The amine formulation is essentially non-volatile, but application of the ester formulation is not advised. Applications near sensitive crops (vegetables, cotton, tobacco) should be avoided.

Garlon 3A

1 to 2 pt/A
6-8 qt/A, brush

Effective for various broadleaf weeds and hard to manage species such as briars and brush.

The Organo-auxin rule must be obeyed when using this herbicide. An essentially non-volatile triclopyr amine formulation, but application near sensitive crops (vegetables, cotton, tobacco) when physical drift could occur should be avoided.

Garlon 4 Ultra

8-16 fl oz/A
4-6 qt/A, brush

Control spectrum is similar to Garlon 3A, but the 4 EC formulation is generally more potent.

The Organo-auxin rule must be obeyed when using this herbicide. A somewhat volatile triclopyr ester formulation. Application near sensitive crops (vegetables, cotton, tobacco) should be avoided.

Milestone VM

3 to 7 fl. oz/A
Excellent postemergence control of broadleaf weeds including Spanish needle, pigweed, ragweed, Carolina geranium, tropical soda apple, thistle, and Florida betony. Possesses several months of soil residual activity on tropical soda apple, ragweed, and Spanish needle. Milestone VM is weak on dogfennel, but may be mixed with other herbicides to improve control.

The Organo-auxin rule must be obeyed when using this herbicide. An essentially non-volatile aminopyralid amine formulation, but application near sensitive crops (vegetables, cotton, tobacco) when physical drift could occur should be avoided.

Plateau
BASF Corp

1 to 4 fl. oz/A

Surfactant required:
0.25% v/v NIS

For excellent postemergence control of a range of grass and broadleaf weeds. Crabgrass, vaseygrass, and nutsedge, will be controlled.

Plateau can also be used on 'Pensacola' bahiagrass to regulate plant growth. Generally, 3 to 4 weeks of growth suppression will occur for every 1 fluid ounce applied. DO NOT apply more than 4 fl. oz/A. Beware of overlapping while spraying. If excessive Plateau rates are applied, 'Pensacola' bahiagrass will be severely injured for several weeks. DO NOT apply Plateau to drought stressed bahiagrass turf.

Vanquish

4 to 32 fl. oz/A

Vanquish is similar in activity and complimentary to 2,4-D. Short-lived residual activity is often observed on certain weed species.

The Organo-auxin rule must be obeyed when using this herbicide. Vanquish is volatile and any application near sensitive crops (vegetables, cotton, tobacco) should be avoided.

Velpar

2 to 4 pt/A
For excellent control of smutgrass and selected broadleaf weeds. For smutgrass control, apply during the summer months when rainfall is common. Applications made in spring or winter are rarely effective. Beware of applying Velpar near desirable trees. Oaks are extremely sensitive to Velpar and can be killed if the herbicide is absorbed by roots.

Vista*

8-16 fl oz/A

Effective for various broadleaf weeds; very effective on dogfennel.

The Organo-auxin rule must be obeyed when using this herbicide. An essentially non-volatile fluroxypyr ester formulation, but application near sensitive crops (vegetables, cotton, tobacco) when physical drift could occur should be avoided. Safe to use in the root zone of desirable trees.

Overdrive*

4 to 8 oz/A dry weight

For post emergent broadleaf weed control with little soil activity.

Postemergence Broadcast applications - Dormant grass

Herbicide

Rate

Comments

Glyphosate
(Roundup Pro, Accord XRT*, etc)

0.5 to 4 pt/A
For use where total vegetation control is desired. If broadcast, desirable turf must be dormant or excessive injury or death will occur. DO NOT apply glyphosate where wildflowers are present.

Glyphosate provides excellent control of most broadleaf and grass weeds, but possesses no soil residual activity. Glyphosate works well when mixed with 2,4-D, Milestone VM, or other herbicides.

Postemergence Broadcast Applications - Guard Rails or other locations where total vegetation control is desired

Herbicide

Rate

Comments

Glyphosate
(Roundup Pro, Accord XRT^*, etc)

0.5 to 4 pt/A
or
1 to 3% solution

Glyphosate has no soil residual activity. Expect weeds to die within 14 days of application, but to recolonize from seed within 1 to 2 months after application. Weeds must be actively growing for glyphosate to be effective. Low rates are effective on air potato when applied in late summer/early fall. Many species (such as oaks) are fairly tolerant of low rates.

Journey* BASF Corp

32 fl oz/A

Surfactant required:
0.5% v/v NIS
or
1% v/v MSO

Excellent control of most grass and broadleaf weeds. Significant soil residual activity for weeks or months after application. May be mixed with glyphosate 1qt fl oz/A for additional knock down of larger vegetation.

Milestone VM

7 fl oz/A; 14 fl oz/A, spot applications

Excellent postemergence control of broadleaf weeds including Spanish needle, pigweed, ragweed, Carolina geranium, tropical soda apple, thistle, Florida betony and marestail. Possesses several months of soil residual activity on tropical soda apple, ragweed, Spanish needle, and marestail. Milestone VM is weak on dogfennel. Should be mixed with glyphosate for grass control.

The Organo-auxin rule must be obeyed when using this herbicide. An essentially non-volatile aminopyralid amine formulation, but application near sensitive crops (vegetables, cotton, tobacco) when physical drift could occur should be avoided.

* denotes products not currently found on the DOT bid list.

Footnotes
1. This document is SS-AGR-271, one of a series of the Agronomy Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date July 2007. Visit the EDIS Web Site at http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu.
2. J. A. Ferrell, assistant professor, Department of Agronomy; K.A. Langeland, Professor, Agronomy Department, Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants, Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611.

The use of trade names in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information. UF/IFAS does not guarantee or warranty the products named, and references to them in this publication does not signify our approval to the exclusion of other products of suitable composition. All chemicals should be used in accordance with directions on the manufacturer's label.

The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) is an Equal Opportunity Institution authorized to provide research, educational information and other services only to individuals and institutions that function with non-discrimination with respect to race, creed, color, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, political opinions or affiliations. For more information on obtaining other extension publications, contact your county Cooperative Extension service.

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Florida, IFAS, Florida A. & M. University Cooperative Extension Program, and Boards of County Commissioners Cooperating. Larry Arrington, Dean.

Copyright Information
This document is copyrighted by the University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) for the people of the State of Florida. UF/IFAS retains all rights under all conventions, but permits free reproduction by all agents and offices of the Cooperative Extension Service and the people of the State of Florida. Permission is granted to others to use these materials in part or in full for educational purposes, provided that full credit is given to the UF/IFAS, citing the publication, its source, and date of publication.

Postemergence Broadcast Applications
Herbicide	Rate	Comments
Arsenal or Arsenal Powerline BASF Corp	64 floz/A Surfactant required: 0.5% v/v NIS or 1% v/v MSO	For control of cogongrass and undesirable trees only. DO NOT apply Arsenal to turf or complete death will occur. DO NOT apply Arsenal over the root-zone of desirable trees. Arsenal possesses considerable soil residual activity and application can result in bare ground for several weeks or months. For best results, spray cogongrass when actively growing in the fall.
2,4-D amine (Hi-Dep, others)	2 to 4 pt/A	Excellent postemergence control of broadleaf weeds including Spanish needle, pigweed, Carolina geranium, and wild radish. Possesses little or no soil residual activity against most weeds. The use rate of 2 pt/A will be highly effective on most broadleaf weeds that are less than 4 inches in height. 2,4-D is weak on briars and almost all "brush" weeds. The Organo-auxin rule must be obeyed when using this herbicide. The amine formulation is essentially non-volatile, but application of the ester formulation is not advised. Applications near sensitive crops (vegetables, cotton, tobacco) should be avoided.
Garlon 3A	1 to 2 pt/A 6-8 qt/A, brush	Effective for various broadleaf weeds and hard to manage species such as briars and brush. The Organo-auxin rule must be obeyed when using this herbicide. An essentially non-volatile triclopyr amine formulation, but application near sensitive crops (vegetables, cotton, tobacco) when physical drift could occur should be avoided.
Garlon 4 Ultra	8-16 fl oz/A 4-6 qt/A, brush	Control spectrum is similar to Garlon 3A, but the 4 EC formulation is generally more potent. The Organo-auxin rule must be obeyed when using this herbicide. A somewhat volatile triclopyr ester formulation. Application near sensitive crops (vegetables, cotton, tobacco) should be avoided.
Milestone VM	3 to 7 fl. oz/A	Excellent postemergence control of broadleaf weeds including Spanish needle, pigweed, ragweed, Carolina geranium, tropical soda apple, thistle, and Florida betony. Possesses several months of soil residual activity on tropical soda apple, ragweed, and Spanish needle. Milestone VM is weak on dogfennel, but may be mixed with other herbicides to improve control. The Organo-auxin rule must be obeyed when using this herbicide. An essentially non-volatile aminopyralid amine formulation, but application near sensitive crops (vegetables, cotton, tobacco) when physical drift could occur should be avoided.
Plateau BASF Corp	1 to 4 fl. oz/A Surfactant required: 0.25% v/v NIS	For excellent postemergence control of a range of grass and broadleaf weeds. Crabgrass, vaseygrass, and nutsedge, will be controlled. Plateau can also be used on 'Pensacola' bahiagrass to regulate plant growth. Generally, 3 to 4 weeks of growth suppression will occur for every 1 fluid ounce applied. DO NOT apply more than 4 fl. oz/A. Beware of overlapping while spraying. If excessive Plateau rates are applied, 'Pensacola' bahiagrass will be severely injured for several weeks. DO NOT apply Plateau to drought stressed bahiagrass turf.
Vanquish	4 to 32 fl. oz/A	Vanquish is similar in activity and complimentary to 2,4-D. Short-lived residual activity is often observed on certain weed species. The Organo-auxin rule must be obeyed when using this herbicide. Vanquish is volatile and any application near sensitive crops (vegetables, cotton, tobacco) should be avoided.
Velpar	2 to 4 pt/A	For excellent control of smutgrass and selected broadleaf weeds. For smutgrass control, apply during the summer months when rainfall is common. Applications made in spring or winter are rarely effective. Beware of applying Velpar near desirable trees. Oaks are extremely sensitive to Velpar and can be killed if the herbicide is absorbed by roots.
Vista*	8-16 fl oz/A	Effective for various broadleaf weeds; very effective on dogfennel. The Organo-auxin rule must be obeyed when using this herbicide. An essentially non-volatile fluroxypyr ester formulation, but application near sensitive crops (vegetables, cotton, tobacco) when physical drift could occur should be avoided. Safe to use in the root zone of desirable trees.
Overdrive*	4 to 8 oz/A dry weight	For post emergent broadleaf weed control with little soil activity.
Postemergence Broadcast applications - Dormant grass
Herbicide	Rate	Comments
Glyphosate (Roundup Pro, Accord XRT*, etc)	0.5 to 4 pt/A	For use where total vegetation control is desired. If broadcast, desirable turf must be dormant or excessive injury or death will occur. DO NOT apply glyphosate where wildflowers are present. Glyphosate provides excellent control of most broadleaf and grass weeds, but possesses no soil residual activity. Glyphosate works well when mixed with 2,4-D, Milestone VM, or other herbicides.
Postemergence Broadcast Applications - Guard Rails or other locations where total vegetation control is desired
Herbicide	Rate	Comments
Glyphosate (Roundup Pro, Accord XRT^*, etc)	0.5 to 4 pt/A or 1 to 3% solution	Glyphosate has no soil residual activity. Expect weeds to die within 14 days of application, but to recolonize from seed within 1 to 2 months after application. Weeds must be actively growing for glyphosate to be effective. Low rates are effective on air potato when applied in late summer/early fall. Many species (such as oaks) are fairly tolerant of low rates.
Journey* BASF Corp	32 fl oz/A Surfactant required: 0.5% v/v NIS or 1% v/v MSO	Excellent control of most grass and broadleaf weeds. Significant soil residual activity for weeks or months after application. May be mixed with glyphosate 1qt fl oz/A for additional knock down of larger vegetation.
Milestone VM	7 fl oz/A; 14 fl oz/A, spot applications	Excellent postemergence control of broadleaf weeds including Spanish needle, pigweed, ragweed, Carolina geranium, tropical soda apple, thistle, Florida betony and marestail. Possesses several months of soil residual activity on tropical soda apple, ragweed, Spanish needle, and marestail. Milestone VM is weak on dogfennel. Should be mixed with glyphosate for grass control. The Organo-auxin rule must be obeyed when using this herbicide. An essentially non-volatile aminopyralid amine formulation, but application near sensitive crops (vegetables, cotton, tobacco) when physical drift could occur should be avoided.
* denotes products not currently found on the DOT bid list.

Herbicides for Highway Rights-of-Way1

Tables

Footnotes

Copyright Information

Herbicides for Highway Rights-of-Way¹