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General Considerations - Florida Greenhouse Vegetable Production Handbook, Vol 21
P. H. Jones2Historically, greenhouse vegetable production has been located in northern latitudes. In North America, most commercial producers are located in the northern United States and in Canada where growers raise lettuce, tomatoes, cucumbers, and other crops primarily for spring and summer markets. Most of the greenhouses are located near their markets and emphasize production of very high quality, fresh produce. The cost of heating and low light levels combine to make spring production an expensive operation in northern latitudes where the winters are long and cold.
In contrast, Florida winters are mild and sunlight can be abundant, a fact that requires Florida greenhouse operators to ventilate for cooling as often as they heat. Because of its mild climate, production in Florida greenhouses takes place primarily during the winter and spring (Fig.1).
Figure 1. Greenhouse under construction. Summer production is difficult because of high temperatures and high humidities, so vegetable crops are produced in Florida greenhouses primarily from September through May. Attempts have been made to produce year-round, but summertime ventilating costs are high while crop yields and quality are reduced. In spite of these difficulties, some growers feel that some good market potentials exist for summer greenhouse crops and they are willing to deal with the problems associated with summer production.
Because most greenhouse vegetable production has been in the North, much of the information from Extension, researchers, and greenhouse equipment manufacturers has been geared to northern climatic conditions. For instance, there is an abundance of information on heating systems with topics ranging from thermal screens for energy conservation to the design and operation of heating systems to handle snow loads. In contrast, there is little information on evaporative cooling systems, which are the mainstay of environmental control systems in the Florida vegetable industry. The purpose of this publication is to give the grower the background information needed to make reasonable design and installation decisions for greenhouse vegetable production in Florida.
More Information
For more information on greenhouse crop production, please visit our website at http://nfrec-sv.ifas.ufl.edu.For the other chapters in the Greenhouse Vegetable Production Handbook, see the documents listed below:
Florida Greenhouse Vegetable Production Handbook, Vol 1
Introduction, HS 766
Financial Considerations, HS767
Pre-Construction Considerations, HS768
Crop Production, HS769
Considerations for Managing Greenhouse Pests, HS770
Harvest and Handling Considerations, HS771
Marketing Considerations, HS772
Summary, HS773
Florida Greenhouse Vegetable Production Handbook, Vol 2
General Considerations, HS774
Site Selection, HS775
Physical Greenhouse Design Considerations, HS776
Production Systems, HS777
Greenhouse Environmental Design Considerations, HS778
Environmental Controls, HS779
Materials Handling, HS780
Other Design Information Resources, HS781
Florida Greenhouse Vegetable Production Handbook, Vol 3
Preface, HS783
General Aspects of Plant Growth, HS784
Production Systems, HS785
Irrigation of Greenhouse Vegetables, HS786
Fertilizer Management for Greenhouse Vegetables, HS787
Production of Greenhouse Tomatoes, HS788
Generalized Sequence of Operations for Tomato Culture, HS789
Greenhouse Cucumber Production, HS790
Alternative Greenhouse Crops, HS791
Operational Considerations for Harvest, HS792
Enterprise Budget and Cash Flow for Greenhouse Tomato Production, HS793
Vegetable Disease Recognition and Control, HS797
Vegetable Insect Identification and Control, HS798
Footnotes
1. This document is HS774, one of a series of the Horticultural Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date December 1990. Revised January 2001. Reviewed February 2008. Visit the EDIS Web Site at http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu.2. P.H. Jones, professor, Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department, Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32611. The Florida Greenhouse Vegetable Production Handbook is edited by George Hochmuth, professor of Horticultural Sciences and Center Director, North Florida Research and Education Center and Robert Hochmuth, extension agent IV, North Florida Research and Education Center - Suwannee Valley, Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611.
The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) is an Equal Opportunity Institution authorized to provide research, educational information and other services only to individuals and institutions that function with non-discrimination with respect to race, creed, color, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, political opinions or affiliations. For more information on obtaining other extension publications, contact your county Cooperative Extension service.
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Florida, IFAS, Florida A. & M. University Cooperative Extension Program, and Boards of County Commissioners Cooperating. Larry Arrington, Dean.
Copyright Information
This document is copyrighted by the University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) for the people of the State of Florida. UF/IFAS retains all rights under all conventions, but permits free reproduction by all agents and offices of the Cooperative Extension Service and the people of the State of Florida. Permission is granted to others to use these materials in part or in full for educational purposes, provided that full credit is given to the UF/IFAS, citing the publication, its source, and date of publication.