- Topics: Entomology and Nematology | Nursery Insects and Mites | Commercial (Greenhouse and Nurseries) Pests | Flower Pest Insects | Nursery and Forest Pests | Commercial (Greenhouse and Nurseries) | Gulf Coast REC | Chrysanthemum Pest Management | Ornamentals (IMG -- Vol.1, Ch. IV) | Price, James F | Short, Donald E
Publication #ENY-302
Insect and Mite Management Suggestions for Commercial Chrysanthemum Production1
James F. Price, Curtis Nagle and Elzie McCord, Jr.2
Chrysanthemums are produced in Florida as potted florist plants, potted garden mums, cut flowers, and propagation cuttings. Production is in greenhouses, shade houses and in the open, largely depending on local climate. There were 3.2 million pots of florist and garden mums produced in 2001 valued at $7.3 million. There are no public records of production or sales for the smaller chrysanthemum cut flower or propagation markets. Sales are within the southeastern U.S., except cuttings, which are sold more widely. Major arthropod pests include leafminers, armyworms, thrips and aphids; other less important arthropods also damage chrysanthemum.
The Tables in this document list chemicals that are presently available to commercial chrysanthemum producers in Florida and are organized alphabetically by the following major pest groups:
Armyworms (see also Caterpillars)
Caterpillars (see also Armyworms)
It includes beneficial nematode and microbial insecticides, which are components of biological control. For each pest group listed, products available for control are presented by active ingredient. Usually only one example of each formulation is given; however, there may be other products as effective as those listed. Notes taken from labels are provided to qualify some uses.
Precautionary statements, re-entry intervals, restricted use status, and registrants are provided in a separate publication, Insecticides, Miticides & Molluscicides Available to Floridas Floricultural Industry (ENY-679) (http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/IN472), to aid in the selection and safe use of the pesticides. When available, label hyperlinks are provided in the electronic forms and are to business Web sites, not to any source maintained by the University of Florida, and may change without notice.
Many pesticides decompose in the spray tank when mixed with water above pH 7. Growers should test the pH of their water and when above 7, should add a buffering solution to maintain pH between 6.5 and 7.
This summary is only a guide to aid in selection of pesticides. Care has been given to provide accurate and up-to-date information, but it is possible that, through label changes, error, etc., improper uses may be indicated. In all cases it is the responsibility of the applicator to read, understand, and comply with the label that accompanies each pesticide container.
As an additional precaution, keep the telephone number and address of the nearest county poison control center in a convenient location in case of an accidental poisoning. Also, keep clean copies of labels of all pesticides on your premises. In the event of a poisoning, the label of the pesticide involved should be taken to the poison control center or hospital.
Tables
Table 1.
Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) control measures available for commercial chrysanthemum production in Florida.
Common Name |
Trade Name/ Formulation |
Production Site1 |
Notes from Label2 |
Acephate |
1300 Orthene TR | G | |
| Acephate Pro 75, WSP | G | Do not apply more than once every 28 days. Phytotoxicity has occurred on chrysanthemum varieties: Albatross, Bonnie Jean, Dixie, Garland, Gent, Iceberg, Pride, Showoff, Statesman, Tally Ho, Westward Ho, Wild Honey. Do not apply to open flowers. |
|
Address T/O Sedagri Acephate 75 SP |
F, G | Do not apply more than once every 28 days. Phytotoxicity has occurred on chrysanthemum varieties: Albatross, Bonnie Jean, Dixie, Garland, Gent, Iceberg, Pride, Showoff, Statesman, Tally Ho, Westward Ho, Wild Honey. Do not apply to open flowers. |
|
| Orthene Turf, Tree & Ornamental Spray 75, 97 | F, G | ||
| Azadirachtin | Azatin XL Ornazin 3% EC |
F, G | |
| Azinphos-Methyl | Guthion Solupak | F | Nursery stock |
Beauveria bassiana |
Botanigard 22WP | F, G | Nursery & shade house (F) |
| Botanigard ES | F, G | Nursery (F) | |
| Naturalis T&O | F, G | ||
Bifenthrin |
Attain TR Talstar GH Prescription Talstar Flowable |
G | |
Talstar N |
F, G | Shade House & Nursery (F) | |
| Talstar Nursery Flowable | F, G | Shade House & Nursery (F); Do not apply more than 0.2 lbs. a.i. per acre per year for outdoor applications. |
|
Chlorpyrifos |
Chlorpyrifos Pro 2 | F | Nursery stock in nurseries; Do not exceed 1 lb. a.i. per acre. |
| Chlorpyrifos Pro 4 | F, G | Nursery (F) | |
| Duraguard ME | F, G | Nursery (F); Direct spray to some open blooms may cause petal drop. |
|
Dursban 50W |
F | Nursery | |
Chlorpyrifos & Cyfluthrin |
Duraplex TR | G | |
| Cinnamaldehyde | Cinnamite | F, G | |
| Clarified Hydrophobic Extract of Neem Oil | Triact 70 | F, G | Most effective when applied early to mid-morning or late afternoon. |
| Cyfluthrin | Decathlon 20 WP | F, G | |
| Deltamethrin | Deltagard GC 5 SC | F | Nursery |
Diazinon |
Diazinon 50W Diazinon 5WB Diazinon AG 500 (Micro Flo) Diazinon Insecticide |
F | |
| KnoxOut NL | F | Nursery | |
| KnoxOut GH | G | For use until December 31, 2004. | |
| Disulfoton | Di-Syston 15% | F | |
| Endosulfan | Endosulfan 50WP Phaser 50 WSB, 3EC Thiodan 3EC |
F, G | Do not exceed a maximum of 3 lbs. a.i. per acre per year. Do not apply to 'Bonnafon Delux,' 'Fred Shoesmith,' and 'White Knight' as injury may result. |
| Fenoxycarb | Preclude TR | G | |
| Fenpropathrin | Tame 2.4EC | F, G | Nursery & Shade house (F); Do not use less than a 7 day retreatment interval. |
| Imidacloprid | Marathon 1% Granular | F, G | Nursery (F); For outdoor ornamentals grown in beds, applications cannot exceed a total of 40 lbs. (0.4 lbs. active ingredient) per acre per year. On plants with a production cycle of less than 1 year, application is not to exceed a frequency of more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. |
| Marathon 60WP | F, G | Nursery (F); Soil treatment only; For outdoor ornamentals grown in beds applications cannot exceed a total of 10.7 oz. (0.4 lbs. active ingredient) per acre per year. On plants with a production cycle of less than 1 year, application is not to exceed a frequency of more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. | |
| Marathon II | F, G | On outdoor ornamentals do not apply more than 1.6 pt. (0.4 lbs. a.i.) per acre per year. |
|
| Provado 1.6F | F | Edible-leaved and garland; Do not apply more than 18.75 fl.oz. per year as foliar sprays, and regardless of formulation or type of application. Do not apply more than 0.5 lbs. a.i. of Admire or Provado per acre per season. | |
| Lambda-Cyhalothrin | Scimitar SC | F, G | Nursery & Shade house (F); Do not apply more than 0.36 lbs. a.i. (52.4 fl. oz. of concentrate) per acre per year. |
| Malathion | Atrapa 5E Gowan Malathion 8F Malathion 5EC Prozap 57EC |
F | |
| Naled | Dibrom 8 E | G | Vapor treatment; Avoid over-treatment and direct application to plants as injury may result. Pink Champagne may be injured by vapor. Do not spray on chrysanthemums. |
| Oxydemeton-Methyl | Metasystox-R | F | Nursery stock |
| Pemethrin | Astro | F, G | Field & container grown nursery stock (F); Do not apply more than 2.0 lb. a.i. per acre per year. |
| Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids | Insecticidal Soap 49.52 | F, G | Caution: Do not use on new transplants, newly rooted cuttings, or plants stressed by drought. Test on chrysanthemums for varietal sensitivity and do not apply to open blooms. |
| M-Pede | F, G | Must combine with other pesticides; Tank mixes with chlorothalonil should be avoided. Potential for injury increases on plants stressed by heat, humidity, drought, or insect, mite or disease pressure. Flowers may be injured when sprayed. |
|
| Pymetrozine | Endeavor | F, G | Do not apply more than 10 oz. per acre per application. For outdoor use, do not apply more than 48 oz. per acre per year. For indoor use, do not apply more than 100 oz. per acre per year. |
| Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide | 1100 Pyrethrum | G | |
| Diatect Multipurpose | F | ||
Pyreth-It Pyrenone Crop Spray |
F, G | ||
| Pyrethrins, Rotenone & Other Cube Resins | Pyrellin EC | F, G | Apply in intervals of 7 days or less. |
| Pyriproxyfen | Distance | F, G | Suppression; Apply Distance or Pyrigro no more than two times per cropping cycle or no more than two times per six months. |
| Refined Petroleum Distillate | Saf-T-Side Spray Oil | F, G | Bedding plants (F); Do not use in combination with or immediately before or after spraying with fungicides such as captan, oxythioquinox or any product containing sulfur. Also do not use with carbaryl (Sevin) or dimethoate. Do not use with any product whose label recommends the use of no oils. Do not use in combination with NPK foliar fertilizer applications. |
| Ultra-Fine Oil | F, G | Caution: Spray no more than four consecutive sprays. The frequency of consecutive sprays should not exceed once every 2 weeks. Early morning applications are recommended. Do not tank mix with insecticide or miticide whose label indicates that it should not be used with oil. Do not use with captan, chlorothalonil, dimethoate, methiocarb, oxythioquinox, propargite, and any product containing sulfur. This list is not exhaustive; therefore, for products not included in this list, consult label for compatibility information. |
|
| S-Kinoprene | Enstar II | G | Slight to moderate injury has occurred on some blooms under certain conditions, suggest application be made in pre-bloom stage. |
| Tau-Fluvalinate | Mavrik Aquaflow | F, G | |
1“F” indicates field production. Lath house and shade house production normally are considered components of field production. “G” indicates greenhouse production. 2Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (nursery, potted plants, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit numbers or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc. |
|||
Table 2.
Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) control measures available for commercial chrysanthemum production in Florida. (See also Caterpillars)
Common Name |
Trade Name/ Formulation |
Production Site1 |
Notes from Label2 |
Acephate |
Address T/O Sedagri Acephate 75 SP |
F, G | Fall armyworm, southern armyworm, and yellow striped armyworm; Do not apply more than once every 28 days. Phytotoxicity has occurred on chrysanthemum varieties: Albatross, Bonnie Jean, Dixie, Garland, Gent, Iceberg, Pride, Showoff, Statesman, Tally Ho, Westward Ho, Wild Honey. Do not apply to open flowers. |
| Azadirachtin | Azatin XL Ornazin 3% EC |
F, G | |
Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai |
XenTari, DF | F, G | |
Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki |
Javelin WG | F, G | |
| Dipel Pro DF, 2X | F, G | ||
| Troy-BT 2WP | F, G | If mature worms or heavy populations are present, a contact insecticide should be used to enhance control. | |
| Biobit HP | F, G | May be used to control small armyworms (1st & 2nd instars) when populations are light and full coverage sprays are applied. | |
Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki EG7841 |
Crymax WP | F, G | |
| Bifenthrin | Talstar N | F, G | Shade House & Nursery (F) |
| Talstar Nursery Flowable | F, G | Shade House & Nursery (F); Do not apply more than 0.2 lbs. a.i. per acre per year for outdoor applications. |
|
Chlorpyrifos |
Chlorpyrifos Pro 2 |
F |
Non-bearing nursery stock in nurseries; Do not exceed 1 lb. a.i. per acre. |
Chlorpyrifos Pro 4 |
F, G | Nursery (F) | |
| Dursban 50W | F | Nursery | |
| Cyfluthrin | Decathlon 20 WP | F, G | |
| Deltamethrin | Deltagard GC 5 SC | F | Nursery |
| Diazinon | Diazinon 50W Diazinon 5WB Diazinon AG 500 (Micro Flo) Diazinon Insecticide |
F | |
| Diflubenzuron | Adept | F, G | Shade house (F); Do not make more than four applications per crop. Do not reuse potting media that has been treated with Adept. Do not apply to plants grown on capillary water mats. |
Dimilin 25W (EPA# 400-469) |
F, G | Beet armyworm; Shade house (F) |
|
Dimilin 25W IGR (EPA# 400-465) |
F | Beet armyworm; Not in shade house | |
| Dimilin SC | F, G | Shade house (F) | |
| Fenpropathrin | Tame 2.4EC | F, G | Beet armyworm; Nursery & Shade house (F); Do not use less than a 7 day retreatment interval. |
| Lambda-Cyhalothrin | Scimitar GC | F, G | Nursery & Shade house (F); Do not apply more than 0.36 lbs. a.i. (52.4 fl. oz. of concentrate) per acre per year. |
| Novaluron | Pedestal | F, G | Container grown (F, G); Shade house & nursery (F); Use only one application before rotation with other classes of insecticides with different modes of action. Use at least two alternative products between applications. Do not: apply more than once every 30 days, make more than two applications per crop year, apply in successive applications, apply more than 52 fl. oz. per acre per year per crop, use more than once within each generation cycle. |
| Permethrin | Ambush | F | Beet armyworm |
| Ambush 25W | F | Beet armyworm; Do not apply more than 2.0 lbs. a.i. per acre per season. Application to blooming plants may cause browning of petals. |
|
| Astro | F, G | Beet armyworm; Field & container grown nursery stock (F); Do not apply more than 2.0 lb. a.i. per acre per year. |
|
Perm-Up 3.2EC Pounce 25WP Pounce 3.2EC Pounce WSB |
F | Beet armyworm; Nursery stock |
|
POBs of the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of Spodoptera exigua |
Spod-X LC | F, G | Beet armyworm |
Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide |
Diatect Multipurpose | F | |
Pyreth-It Pyrenone Crop Spray |
F, G | ||
| Pyrethrins, Rotenone & Other Cube Resins | Pyrellin EC | F, G | Apply in intervals of 7 days or less. |
| Spinosad | Conserve SC | F, G | Apply in intervals of 7 days or less. |
Steinernema carpocapsae |
Millenium | F, G | Nursery (F) |
| Tau-Fluvalinate | Mavrik Aquaflow | F, G | |
| Tebufenozide | Confirm T/O | F, G | Nursery (F); Do not use to control more than three consecutive generations of pests in a cropping area (field) regardless of the crop rotation on that field. If you are unsure of the number of generations treated do not use more than four times within any 80-day interval. If Confirm has been applied four times in 80 days or less, allow at least 40 days to pass before making additional applications. |
| Trichlorfon | Proxol 80SP | ||
1“F” indicates field production. Lath house and shade house production normally are considered components of field production. “G” indicates greenhouse production. 2Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (nursery, potted plants, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit numbers or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc. |
|||
Table 3.
Caterpillar (Lepidoptera) control measures available for commercial chrysanthemum production in Florida. (See also Armyworms).
Common Name |
Trade Name/ Formulation |
Production Site1 |
Notes from Label2 |
Acephate |
1300 Orthene TR | G | Cabbage loopers, leafrollers |
| Acephate Pro 75, WSP | G | Budworms, cutworm, leafrollers; Do not apply more than once every 28 days. Phytotoxicity has occurred on chrysanthemum varieties: Albatross, Bonnie Jean, Dixie, Garland, Gent, Iceberg, Pride, Showoff, Statesman, Tally Ho, Westward Ho, Wild Honey. Do not apply to open flowers. |
|
Address T/O Sedagri Acephate 75 SP |
F, G | Budworms, cutworm, leafrollers; Do not apply more than once every 28 days. Phytotoxicity has occurred on chrysanthemum varieties: Albatross, Bonnie Jean, Dixie, Garland, Gent, Iceberg, Pride, Showoff, Statesman, Tally Ho, Westward Ho, Wild Honey. Do not apply to open flowers. |
|
| Orthene Turf, Tree & Ornamental Spray 75, 97 | F, G | Budworms, cutworm, leafrollers | |
Azadirachtin |
Azatin XL Ornazin 3% EC |
F, G |
|
Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai |
XenTari, DF | F, G | |
Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki |
Javelin WG | F, G | |
| Dipel Pro DF, 2X | F, G | ||
| Troy-BT 2WP | F, G | If mature worms or heavy populations are present a contact insecticide should be used to enhance control. |
|
| Biobit HP | F, G | May be used to control small armyworms (1st & 2nd instars) when populations are light and full coverage sprays are applied. |
|
Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki EG7841 |
Crymax WP | F, G | |
Beauveria bassiana |
Naturalis T&O | F, G | |
Bifenthrin |
Attain TR Talstar GH Prescription Talstar Flowable |
G | |
| Talstar N | F, G | Shade House & Nursery (F). |
|
Talstar Nursery Flowable |
F, G | Shade House & Nursery (F); Do not apply more than 0.2 lbs. a.i. per acre per year for outdoor applications. |
|
| Carbaryl | Sevin SL | F | Budworm, cutworms, leafrollers |
| Chlorpyrifos | Chlorpyrifos Pro 2 | F | Non-bearing nursery stock in nurseries; Budworm, cutworms, leafrollers; Do not exceed 1 lb. a.i. per acre. |
| Chlorpyrifos Pro 4 | F, G | Nursery (F); Cutworms, leafrollers |
|
| Duraguard ME | F, G | Nursery (F); Potted & cut flowers (G); Cabbageworms, roseslugs; Direct spray to some open blooms may cause petal drop. |
|
| Dursban 50W | F | Nursery; Cutworms; For leafrollers, spray should be applied before leaves are tightly rolled. |
|
| Chlorpyrifos & Cyfluthrin | Duraplex TR | G | |
| Cryolite | Kryocide | F | Codling moth, leafrollers |
| Prokil Cryolite 96 | F | Codling moth larvae; Should not be used in combination with lime or compounds containing free lime. |
|
| Cyfluthrin | Decathlon 20 WP |
F, G | Budworms, cutworms, leafrollers |
| Deltamethrin | Deltagard GC 5 SC |
F | Nursery |
| Diazinon | Diazinon 50W | F | Cutworms, obliquebanded leafrollers, omnivorous leaftiers, wireworms |
Diazinon 5WB Diazinon AG 500 (Micro Flo) Diazinon Insecticide |
F | Cutworms, obliquebanded leafrollers, omnivorous leaftiers |
|
| Fenpropathrin | Tame 2.4EC | F, G | Leafrollers; Nursery & Shade house (F); Do not use less than a 7 day retreatment interval. |
| Imidacloprid | Marathon II | F, G | Cutworm larvae (suppression); On outdoor ornamentals do not apply more than 1.6 pt. (0.4 lbs. a.i.) per acre per year. |
| Lambda-Cyhalothrin | Scimitar GC | F, G | Nursery & Shade house (F); Do not apply more than 0.36 lbs. a.i. (52.4 fl. oz. of concentrate) per acre per year. |
| Methyl Bromide | 67-33 Preplant Soil Fumigant 75-27 Preplant Soil Fumigant |
F, G | Wireworms |
| Naled | Dibrom 8 Emulsive | G | Leafrollers, loopers; Vapor treatment; Avoid over-treatment and direct application to plants as injury may result. Pink Champagne chrysanthemums may be injured by vapor. Do not spray on chrysanthemums as injury may occur. |
Permethrin |
Ambush | F | Cabbage looper, cutworm |
| Ambush 25W | F | Cabbage looper, cutworm; Do not apply more than 2.0 lbs. a.i. per acre per season. Application to blooming plants may cause browning of petals. |
|
| Astro | F, G | Field & container grown nursery stock (F); Do not apply more than 2.0 lb. a.i. per acre per year. |
|
Pounce 25WP Pounce 3.2EC Pounce WSB |
F | Nursery stock; Cabbage looper, Heliothis spp. |
|
| Perm-Up | F | Nursery stock; Cabbage looper |
|
POBs of the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of Spodoptera exigua |
Gemstar LC | F | Corn earworm (Helicoverpa zea); tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens) |
| Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids | M-Pede |
F | Cutworm; Tank mixes with chlorothalonil should be avoided. Potential for injury increases on plants stressed by heat, humidity, drought, or insect, mite or disease pressure. Flowers may be injured when sprayed. |
Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide |
1100 Pyrethrum TR | G |
Cabbage worm, hornworms |
| Diatect Multipurpose | F |
||
Pyreth-It Pyrenone Crop Spray |
F, G | ||
| Pyrethrins, Rotenone & Other Cube Resins | Pyrellin EC | F, G | Apply in intervals of 7 days or less. |
| Refined Petroleum Distillate | Saf-T-Side Spray Oil | F, G | Leafrollers, leaftiers; Bedding plants (F); Do not use in combination with or immediately before or after spraying with fungicides such as captan, oxythioquinox or any product containing sulfur. Also do not use with carbaryl (Sevin) or dimethoate. Do not use with any product whose label recommends the use of no oils. Do not use in combination with NPK foliar fertilizer applications. |
| Ultra-Fine Oil | F, G | Leafrollers; Caution: Spray no more than four consecutive sprays. The frequency of consecutive sprays should not exceed once every 2 weeks. Early morning applications are recommended. Do not tank mix with insecticide or miticide whose label indicates that it should not be used with oil. Do not use with captan, chlorothalonil, dimethoate, methiocarb, oxythioquinox, propargite, and any product containing sulfur. This list is not exhaustive; therefore, for products not included in this list, consult label for compatibility information. |
|
| Spinosad | Conserve SC | F, G | When used in greenhouse or areas of commercial production of herbaceous (non-woody) ornamentals in nurseries (including plant propagation beds), do not apply more than 10 times in a 12-month period per crop regardless of the pest being treated. Because generations of a specific pest may overlap, rotate control products and never apply more than three consecutive applications of Conserve SC or products containing the same a.i. or products with the same mode of action. Except for greenhouses and structures that can be altered to be closed or open, do not reapply within less than 7 days. |
Steinernema carpocapsae |
Millenium | F, G | Cutworm; Nursery (F) |
| Tau-Fluvalinate | Mavrik Aquaflow | F, G | |
| Tebufenozide | Confirm T/O | F, G | Nursery (F); Cutworms; Do not use to control more than three consecutive generations of pests in a cropping area (field) regardless of the crop rotation on that field. If you are unsure of the number of generations treated do not use more than four times within any 80-day interval. If confirm has been applied four times in 80 days or less, allow at least 40 days to pass before making additional applications. |
| Trichlorfon | Proxol 80SP | F | Climbing cutworms, cutworms, tobacco budworm |
1“F” indicates field production. Lath house and shade house production normally are considered components of field production. “G” indicates greenhouse production. 2Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (nursery, potted plants, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit numbers or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc. |
|||
Table 4.
Fungus gnat (Diptera: Sciaridae) control measures available for commercial chrysanthemum production in Florida.
Common Name |
Trade Name/ Formulation |
Production Site1 |
Notes from Label2 |
Acephate |
1300 Orthene TR | G | |
| Azadirachtin | Azatin XL Ornazin 3% EC |
F, G | |
Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis |
Gnatrol | F, G | Larvae; In potting soil mixtures only (F). |
Beauveria bassiana |
Naturalis T&O | F, G | |
| Bifenthrin | Attain TR Talstar Flowable Talstar GH Prescription |
G | |
Talstar N |
F, G | Shade house & Nursery (F). |
|
Talstar Nursery Flowable |
F, G | Shade House & Nursery (F); Do not apply more than 0.2 lbs. a.i. per acre per year for outdoor applications. |
|
| Talstar Nursery Granular | F | Containerized plants; Larvae |
|
| Chlorpyrifos | Duraguard ME | F, G | Nursery (F); Direct spray to some open blooms may cause petal drop. |
| Chlorpyrifos & Cyfluthrin | Duraplex TR | G | |
| Cyfluthrin | Decathlon 20WP |
F, G | |
| Cyromazine | Citation | F, G | Will not control adult stage. Do not make more than six applications to one crop. |
| Deltamethrin | Deltagard GC 5SC | F | Nursery |
| Diazinon | KnoxOut GH | G | For use until December 31, 2004. |
KnoxOut NL |
F | Larvae; Nursery |
|
Diflubenzuron |
Adept | F, G | Shade house (F); Do not make more than four applications per crop. Do not reuse potting media that has been treated with Adept. Do not apply to plants grown on capillary water mats. |
| Fenoxycarb | Precision | F, G | Container & shade house grown (F); Will not control the adult stage. Do not exceed a maximum of 30 applications per year for greenhouse use. |
| Permethrin | Astro | F, G | Field and container grown nursery stock (F); Do not apply more than 2.0 lb. a.i. per acre per year. |
| Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide | 1100 Pyrethrum TR | G | Potted plants |
| Pyrenone Crop Spray | F, G | ||
| Pyriproxyfen | Distance | F, G | Apply Distance or Pyrigro no more than two times per cropping cycle or no more than two times per 6 months. |
| Pyrigro | F, G | Larvae; Shade house & garden centers (F); Apply Distance or Pyrigro no more than two times per cropping cycle or no more than two times per 6 months. |
|
| Refined Petroleum Distillate | Saf-T-Side Spray Oil | G | Do not use in combination with or immediately before or after spraying with fungicides such as captan, oxythioquinox or any product containing sulfur. Also do not use with carbaryl (Sevin) or dimethoate. Do not use with any product whose label recommends the use of no oils. Do not use in combination with NPK foliar fertilizer applications. |
| Ultra-Fine Oil | G | Caution: Spray no more than four consecutive sprays. The frequency of consecutive sprays should not exceed once every 2 weeks. Early morning applications are recommended. Do not tank mix with insecticide or miticide whose label indicates that it should not be used with oil. Do not use with captan, chlorothalonil, dimethoate, methiocarb, oxythioquinox, propargite, and any product containing sulfur. This list is not exhaustive; therefore, for products not included in this list, consult label for compatibility information. |
|
| S-Kinoprene | Enstar II | G | Slight to moderate injury has occurred on some blooms under certain conditions, suggest application be made in pre-bloom stage. |
Steinernema carpocapsae |
Millenium | F, G | Nursery (F) |
Steinernema feltiae |
Nemasys | F, G | Larvae; Nursery (F); If fungus gnats are established it may take 2 to 3 weeks before the number of adults is noticeably reduced. |
1“F” indicates field production. Lath house and shade house production normally are considered components of field production. “G” indicates greenhouse production. 2Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (nursery, potted plants, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit numbers or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc. |
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Table 5.
Leafminer (Diptera: Agromyzidae) control measures available for commercial chrysanthemum production in Florida.
Common Name |
Trade Name/ Formulation |
Production Site1 |
Notes from Label2 |
Abamectin |
Avid 0.15EC | F, G | Liriomyza |
Acephate3 |
1300 Orthene TR | G | |
| Azadirachtin | Azatin XL Ornazin 3% EC |
F, G | |
Bifenthrin3 |
Talstar Flowable Talstar GH Prescription |
G | |
Talstar N |
F, G | Shade House & Nursery (F) | |
| Talstar Nursery Flowable | F, G | Shade House & Nursery (F); Do not apply more than 0.2 lbs. a.i. per acre per year for outdoor applications. |
|
Chlorpyrifos3 |
Chlorpyrifos Pro 2 |
F | Non-bearing nursery stock in nurseries; Do not exceed 1 lb. a.i. per acre. |
Chlorpyrifos Pro 4 |
F, G | Nursery (F) |
|
| Duraguard ME | F, G | Nursery (F); Potted & cut flowers (G); Direct spray to some open blooms may cause petal drop. |
|
| Dursban 50W | F | Nursery | |
| Cryromazine | Citation | F, G |
Will not control adult stage. Leafminers can develop resistance, therefore, do not use as the only control for leafminers, make no more than 3 applications at 7-day intervals, then switch to Avid as an alternative control for the same period, then Citation may be applied again at 7-day intervals if necessary. Do not make more than six applications to one crop. |
Deltamethrin3 |
Deltagard GC 5 SC |
F | Nursery |
Diazinon3 |
Diazinon 50W Diazinon 5WB Diazinon AG 500 (Micro Flo) Diazinon Insecticide |
F | |
| KnoxOut GH | G | For use until December 31, 2004. | |
| KnoxOut NL | F | Nursery | |
Fenpropathrin3 |
Tame 2.4EC | F, G | Nursery & Shade house (F); Do not use less than a 7-day retreatment interval. |
Imidacloprid |
Marathon 1% Granular | F, G | Nursery (F); For outdoor ornamentals grown in beds, applications cannot exceed a total of 40 lbs. (0.4 lbs. active ingredient) per acre per year. On plants with a production cycle of less than 1 year, application is not to exceed a frequency of more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. |
| Marathon 60WP | F, G | Nursery (F); Soil treatment only; For outdoor ornamentals grown in beds, applications cannot exceed a total of 10.7 oz. (0.4 lbs. active ingredient) per acre per year. On plants with a production cycle of less than 1 year, application is not to exceed a frequency of more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. |
|
| Marathon II | F, G |
On outdoor ornamentals, do not apply more than 1.6 pt. (0.4 lbs. a.i.) per acre per year. |
|
Lambda-Cyhalothrin3 |
Scimitar GC | F, G | Adults; Nursery & Shade house (F); Do not apply more than 0.36 lbs. a.i. (52.4 fl. oz. of concentrate) per acre per year. |
Naled3 |
Dibrom 8 Emulsive | G | Vapor treatment; Avoid over-treatment and direct application to plants as injury may result. Pink Champagne chrysanthemums may be injured by vapor. Do not spray on chrysanthemums as injury may occur. |
| Novaluron | Pedestal | F, G | Suppression only; container grown (F, G); Shade house & nursery (F); Use only one application before rotation with other classes of insecticides with different modes of action. Use at least two alternative products between applications. Do not: apply more than once every 30 days, make more than two applications per crop year, apply in successive applications, apply more than 52 fl. oz. per acre per year per crop, use more than once within each generation cycle. |
Oxydemeton-Methyl3 |
Metasystox-R | F | Nursery stock |
Permethrin3 |
Ambush | F | Liriomyza leafminer fly; vegetable leafminer |
| Ambush 25W | F | Vegetable leafminer; Do not apply more than 2.0 lbs. a.i. per acre per season. Application to blooming plants may cause browning of petals. |
|
| Astro | F, G | Field & container grown nursery stock (F); Do not apply more than 2.0 lb. a.i. per acre per year. |
|
Pounce 25WP Pounce 3.2EC Pounce WSB Perm-Up |
F | Liriomyza leafminer flies; Nursery stock (leafminers) |
|
Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide |
Diatect Multipurpose | F | |
Pyreth-It Pyrenone Crop Spray |
F, G | ||
Refined Petroleum Distilate |
Saf-T-Side Spray Oil | F, G | Bedding plants (F); Do not use in combination with or immediately before or after spraying with fungicides such as captan, oxythioquinox or any product containing sulfur. Also do not use with carbaryl (Sevin) or dimethoate. Do not use with any product whose label recommends the use of no oils. Do not use in combination with NPK foliar fertilizer applications. |
| Ultra-Fine Oil | F, G | Caution: Spray no more than four consecutive sprays. The frequency of consecutive sprays should not exceed once every 2 weeks. Early morning applications are recommended. Do not tank mix with insecticide or miticide whose label indicates that it should not be used with oil. Do not use with captan, chlorothalonil, dimethoate, methiocarb, oxythioquinox, propargite, and any product containing sulfur. This list is not exhaustive; therefore, for products not included in this list, consult label for compatibility information. |
|
| Spinosad | Conserve SC | F, G |
When used in greenhouse or areas of commercial production in nurseries (including plant propagation beds): Do not apply more than 10 times in a 12-month period per crop regardless of the pest being treated. Because generations of a specific pest may overlap, rotate control products and never apply more than three consecutive applications of Conserve SC or products containing the same a.i. or products with the same mode of action. Except for greenhouses and structures that can be altered to be closed or open, do not reapply within less than 7 days. |
Trichlorfon3 |
Proxol 80 SP | F | |
1“F” indicates field production. Lath house and shade house production normally are considered components of field production. “G” indicates greenhouse production. 2Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (nursery, potted plants, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit numbers or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc. 3Liriomyza trifolii leafminers have become resistant to organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides. Infrequent use may be effective, but repeated use may be ineffective, depending on the history of the target population. |
|||
Table 6.
Mealybug (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) control measures available for commercial chrysanthemum production in Florida.
Common Name |
Trade Name/ Formulation |
Production Site1 |
Notes from Label2 |
Acephate |
1300 Orthene TR |
G | |
| Acephate Pro 75, WSP | G | Do not apply more than once every 28 days. Phytotoxicity has occurred on chrysanthemum varieties: Albatross, Bonnie Jean, Dixie, Garland, Gent, Iceberg, Pride, Showoff, Statesman, Tally Ho, Westward Ho, Wild Honey. Do not apply to open flowers. |
|
Address T/O Sedagri Acephate 75 SP |
F, G | Do not apply more than once every 28 days. Phytotoxicity has occurred on chrysanthemum varieties: Albatross, Bonnie Jean, Dixie, Garland, Gent, Iceberg, Pride, Showoff, Statesman, Tally Ho, Westward Ho, Wild Honey. Do not apply to open flowers. |
|
| Orthene Turf, Tree & Ornamental Spray 75, 97 | F, G | ||
| Azadirachtin | Azatin XL Ornazin 3% EC |
F, G | |
Beauveria bassiana |
Botanigard 22WP | F, G |
Nursery & Shade house (F) |
Botanigard ES |
F, G |
Nursery (F) |
|
| Naturalis T&O | F, G | ||
Bifenthrin |
Attain TR Talstar Flowable Talstar GH Prescription |
G | |
| Talstar N | F, G | Shade House & Nursery (F) | |
| Talstar Nursery Flowable | F, G | Shade House & Nursery (F); Do not apply more than 0.2 lbs. a.i. per acre per year for outdoor applications. |
|
| Talstar Nursery Granular | F | Containerized plants |
|
| Carbaryl | Sevin SL | F | |
Chlorpyrifos |
Chlorpyrifos Pro 2 | F | Non-bearing nursery stock in nurseries; Do not exceed 1 lb. a.i. per acre. |
| Chlorpyrifos Pro 4 | F, G | Nursery (F) |
|
| Duraguard ME | F, G | Including root mealybugs; Nursery (F); Potted & cut flowers (G); Direct spray to some open blooms may cause petal drop. |
|
Dursban 50W |
F | Nursery | |
| Chlorpyrifos & Cyfluthrin | Duraplex TR | G | |
| Clarified Hydrophobic Extract of Neem Oil | Triact 70 | F, G | Most effective when applied early to mid-morning or late afternoon. |
| Cyfluthrin | Decathlon 20WP |
F, G | |
| Deltamethrin | Deltagard GC 5SC | F | Nursery |
Diazinon |
KnoxOut GH | G | Citrus, stem and root mealybugs; For use until December 31, 2004. |
| KnoxOut NL | F | Citrus, stem and root mealybugs; Nursery | |
Dimethoate |
5 lb. Dimethoate Systemic Dimethoate 4EC |
F | Do not use in mixtures containing oil. |
| Dimethoate 267, 400, 4E | F | Do not use on any ornamental stock plants grown as a source of propagation material, such as cuttings. Do not use in mixtures containing oil. |
|
| Fenpropathrin | Tame 2.4EC | F, G | Nursery & Shade house (F); Do not use less than a 7-day retreatment interval. |
Imidacloprid |
Marathon 1% Granular | F, G | Nursery (F); For outdoor ornamentals grown in beds, applications cannot exceed a total of 40 lbs. (0.4 lbs. active ingredient) per acre per year. On plants with a production cycle of less than 1 year, application is not to exceed a frequency of more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. |
| Marathon 60WP | F, G | Nursery (F); Soil treatment only; For outdoor ornamentals grown in beds applications cannot exceed a total of 10.7 oz. (0.4 lbs. active ingredient) per acre per year. On plants with a production cycle of less than 1 year, application is not to exceed a frequency of more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. |
|
| Marathon II | F, G | On outdoor ornamentals do not apply more than 1.6 pt. (0.4 lbs. a.i.) per acre per year. |
|
| Lambda-Cyhalothrin | Scimitar GC | F, G | Nursery & Shade house (F); Do not apply more than 0.36 lbs. a.i. (52.4 fl. oz. of concentrate) per acre per year. |
| Malathion | Atrapa 5E Gowan Malathion 8F Malathion 5EC Prozap Malathion 57EC |
F | |
| Methidathion | Supracide 25-W | F | Nursery stock |
| Naled | Dibrom 8 Emulsive | G | Vapor treatment; Avoid over-treatment and direct application to plants as injury may result. Pink Champagne chrysanthemums may be injured by vapor. Do not spray on chrysanthemums as injury may occur. |
| Permethrin | Astro | F, G | Field and container grown nursery stock (F); Do not apply more than 2.0 lb. a.i. per acre per year. |
| Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids | Insecticidal Soap 49.52 | F, G | Caution: Do not use on new transplants, newly rooted cuttings, or plants stressed by drought. Test on chrysanthemums for varietal sensitivity and do not apply to open blooms. |
| M-Pede | F, G | Tank mixes with chlorothalonil should be avoided. Potential for injury increases on plants stressed by heat, humidity, drought, or insect, mite or disease pressure. Flowers may be injured when sprayed. |
|
| Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide | 1100 Pyrethrum TR | G | |
Diatect Multipurpose |
F | ||
| Pyrenone Crop Spray | F, G | ||
| Pyrethrins, Rotenone & Other Cube Resins | Pyrellin EC | F, G | Apply in intervals of 7 days or less. |
Pyriproxyfen |
Distance | F, G | Suppression; Apply Distance or Pyrigro no more than two times per cropping cycle or no more than two times per 6 months. |
| Refined Petroleum Distillate | Saf-T-Side Spray Oil | F, G | Bedding plants (F); Do not use in combination with or immediately before or after spraying with fungicides such as captan, oxythioquinox or any product containing sulfur. Also do not use with carbaryl (Sevin) or dimethoate. Do not use with any product whose label recommends the use of no oils. Do not use in combination with NPK foliar fertilizer applications. |
| Ultra-Fine Oil | F, G | Caution: Spray no more than four consecutive sprays. The frequency of consecutive sprays should not exceed once every 2 weeks. Early morning applications are recommended. Do not tank mix with insecticide or miticide whose label indicates that it should not be used with oil. Do not use with captan, chlorothalonil, dimethoate, methiocarb, oxythioquinox, propargite, and any product containing sulfur. This list is not exhaustive; therefore, for products not included in this list, consult label for compatibility information. |
|
| S-Kinoprene | Enstar II | G | Including root mealybug; Slight to moderate injury has occurred on some blooms under certain conditions, suggest application be made in pre-bloom stage. |
Tau-Fluvalinate |
Mavrik Aquaflow | F, G | |
1“F” indicates field production. Lath house and shade house production normally are considered components of field production. “G” indicates greenhouse production. 2Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (nursery, potted plants, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit numbers or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc. |
|||
Table 7.
Mite (Acari) control measures available for commercial chrysanthemum production in Florida.
Common Name |
Trade Name/ Formulation |
Production Site1 |
Notes from Label2 |
Abamectin |
Avid 0.15EC | F, G | Southern red mite, tarsonemid mites (broad mites & cyclamen mites), twospotted spider mite |
| Acephate | 1300 Orthene TR | G | Spider mites |
| Azinphos-Methyl | Guthion Solupak | F | Nursery stock |
Beauveria bassiana |
Naturalis T&O | F, G | |
Bifenazate |
Floramite | F, G | Red mites, southern red mite, spider mites, twospotted spider mite; Do not make more than two applications per crop per year. Do not apply more than 16 oz. per acre per year. Apply only one application of Floramite before rotating to products of an alternative chemical class and use at least two alternate products between treatments of Floramite. |
| Floramite SC | F, G | Twospotted spider mite, southern red mite; Do not use in successive applications. Apply only one application before rotating to products of an alternate chemical class. Use at least two alternative products between treatments of Floramite SC. Do not make more than two applications per crop per year. Do not apply more than 32 fl. oz. per acre per year. | |
Bifenthrin |
Attain TR | G | |
Talstar Flowable Talstar GH Prescription |
G | Broad mites, spider mites | |
| Talstar Nursery Flowable | F, G | Broad mites, spider mites; Shade House & Nursery (F); Do not apply more than 0.2 lbs. a.i. per acre per year for outdoor applications. |
|
| Carbaryl | Sevin SL | F | Eriophyid mites |
| Chlorfenapyr | Pylon | G | Spider mites, broad mite, cyclamen mite, rust mite; Do not apply more than three applications (not more than 41 fl. oz. of product or 0.64 lbs. of a.i.) during a crop cycle. Do not apply more than two times consecutively and do not apply to consecutive crops in a greenhouse structure. |
Chlorpyrifos |
Chlorpyrifos Pro 2 | F | Non-bearing nursery stock in nurseries; Do not exceed 1 lb. a.i. per acre. |
| Chlorpyrifos Pro 4 | F, G | Nursery (F) | |
| Dursban 50W | F | Nursery | |
| Chlorpyrifos & Cyfluthrin | Duraplex | G | |
| Clarified Hydrophobic Extract of Neem Oil | Triact 70 | F, G | Most effective when applied early to mid-morning or late afternoon. |
| Clofentezine | Ovation SC | F, G | Twospotted spider mite; nursery stock, shade house & container grown (F); Recommended application frequency is once per crop cycle in greenhouse, saran house, and shade house culture, and once per each crop cycle occurring within a year for outdoor ornamentals. |
Diazinon |
Diazinon 50W Diazinon 5WB Diazinon AG 500 (Micro Flo) Diazinon Insecticide |
F | Twospotted spider mites, cyclamen mites |
| KnoxOut GH | G | For use until December 31, 2004. | |
| KnoxOut NL | F | Nursery | |
Dicofol |
Kelthane 50 WSP | F | Applicators must be in enclosed cabs or cockpits. Nursery (F); Broad mite, cyclamen mite, twospotted spider mite; Resistance management: As a general rule, rotate use with miticides with different modes of action and limit the number of applications to an average of one per season. Do not make more than two applications per crop or season. If two applications are made in a single growing season, no application should be made during the following year. |
| Kelthane T&O | F | Applicators must be in enclosed cabs or cockpits. Broad mite, cyclamen mite, twospotted spider mite; Resistance management: As a general rule, rotate use with miticides with different modes of action and limit the number of applications to an average of one per season. If two applications are made in a single growing season, no application should be made during the following year. In no case should more than two applications be made to a crop or in a single growing season. |
|
| Disulfoton | Di-Syston 15% | F | |
| Endosulfan | Endosulfan 50WP Phaser 3EC Phaser 50WSB Thiodan 3EC |
F, G | Cyclamen mite; Do not apply to 'Bonnafon Delux', 'Fred Shoesmith', and 'White Knight' as injury may result. Do not exceed a maximum of 3 lbs. a.i. per acre per year. |
| Fenbutatin-oxide | Vendex 50WP | F, G | Twospotted spider mite; Apply to foliage only (pre-bloom). |
| Fenpropathrin | Tame 2.4EC | F, G | Southern red mite, twospotted spider mite; Nursery & Shade house (F); Do not use less than a 7 day retreatment interval. |
| Fenpyroximate | Akari 5SC | G | Spider mites; Do not apply more than 48 fl. oz. per crop cycle or per growing season, whichever is longer. For best results make no more than two applications per growing season or crop cycle, whichever is longer. |
Hexythiazox |
Hexygon DF | F, G | Nursery (F); Southern red mite, twospotted spider mite; Do not use Plyac or household detergents in tank mix combinations with Hexygon DF. Apply only once per crop cycle. |
| Hexygon | F, G | Nursery (F); Southern red mite, twospotted spider mite; Make only one application per crop cycle or once per year. |
|
| Lambda-Cyhalothrin | Scimitar GC | F, G | Broad mite, spider mites; Nursery & Shade house (F); Do not apply more than 0.36 lbs. a.i. (52.4 fl. oz. of concentrate) per acre per year. |
| Methiocarb | Mesurol 75-W | F, G | Nursery & mature ornamental plantings (F); Do not apply with oil. |
| Naled | Dibrom 8 Emulsive | G | Spider mites; Vapor treatment; Avoid over-treatment and direct application to plants as injury may result. Pink Champagne chrysanthemums may be injured by vapor. Do not spray on chrysanthemums as injury may occur. |
| Oxydemeton-Methyl | Metasystox-R | F | Nursery stock; For field grown nursery stock, do not make more than 2 applications per season. |
Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids |
Insecticidal Soap 49.52 | F, G | Spider mites; Caution: Do not use on new transplants, newly rooted cuttings, or plants stressed by drought.Test on chrysanthemums for varietal sensitivity and do not apply to open blooms. |
| M-Pede | F, G | Tank mixes with chlorothalonil should be avoided. Potential for injury increases on plants stressed by heat, humidity, drought, or insect, mite or disease pressure. Flowers may be injured when sprayed. |
|
| Propargite | Ornamite | F | Spider mites, twospotted spider mite, southern red mite; Do not apply with oil. |
Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide |
1100 Pyrethrum TR | G | |
| Diatect Multipurpose | F | ||
| Pyrethrins, Rotenone & Other Cube Resins | Pyrellin EC | F, G | Apply in intervals of 7 days or less. |
| Pyridaben | Sanmite 75W | F, G | Broad mite, southern red mite, tumid mite, twospotted spider mite; Maximum seasonal use rate: Do not exceed 21.34 ounces per acre per year. |
Refined Petroleum Distillate |
Saf-T-Side Spray Oil |
F, G | Spider and eriophyid mites; Bedding plants (F); Do not use in combination with or immediately before or after spraying with fungicides such as captan, oxythioquinox or any product containing sulfur. Also do not use with carbaryl (Sevin) or dimethoate. Do not use with any product whose label recommends the use of no oils. Do not use in combination with NPK foliar fertilizer applications. |
| Ultra-Fine Oil | F, G | Spider and eriophyid (F) mites; Caution: Spray no more than four consecutive sprays. The frequency of consecutive sprays should not exceed once every 2 weeks. Early morning applications are recommended. Do not tank mix with insecticide or miticide whose label indicates that it should not be used with oil. Do not use with captan, chlorothalonil, dimethoate, methiocarb, oxythioquinox, propargite, any product containing sulfur. This list is not exhaustive; therefore, for products not included in this list, consult label for compatibility information. |
|
| Spinosad | Conserve SC | F, G | Spider mites; When used in greenhouse or areas of commercial production in nurseries (including plant propagation beds): Do not apply more than 10 times in a 12-month period per crop regardless of the pest being treated. Because generations of a specific pest may overlap, rotate control products and never apply more than three consecutive applications of Conserve SC or products containing the same a.i. or products with the same mode of action. Except for greenhouses and structures that can be altered to be closed or open, do not reapply within less than 7 days. |
Tau-Fluvalinate |
Mavrik Aquaflow | F, G | |
1“F” indicates field production. Lath house and shade house production normally are considered components of field production. “G” indicates greenhouse production. 2Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (nursery, potted plants, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit numbers or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc. |
|||
Table 8.
Plant (Lygus) bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae) control measures available for commercial chrysanthemum production in Florida.
Common Name |
Trade Name/ Formulation |
Production Site1 |
Notes from Label2 |
Acephate |
1300 Orthene TR | G | |
| Acephate Pro 75, WSP | G | Do not apply more than once every 28 days. Phytotoxicity has occurred on chrysanthemum varieties: Albatross, Bonnie Jean, Dixie, Garland, Gent, Iceberg, Pride, Showoff, Statesman, Tally Ho, Westward Ho, Wild Honey. Do not apply to open flowers. | |
Address T/O Sedagri Acephate 75 SP |
F, G | Do not apply more than once every 28 days. Phytotoxicity has occurred on chrysanthemum varieties: Albatross, Bonnie Jean, Dixie, Garland, Gent, Iceberg, Pride, Showoff, Statesman, Tally Ho, Westward Ho, Wild Honey. Do not apply to open flowers. |
|
| Orthene Turf, Tree & Ornamental Spray 75, 97 | F, G | ||
| Azadirachtin | Ornazin 3% EC | F, G | |
Beauveria bassiana |
Naturalis T&O | F, G | |
Bifenthrin |
Attain TR Talstar Flowable Talstar GH Prescription |
G | |
| Talstar N | F, G | Shade House & Nursery (F) |
|
| Talstar Nursery Flowable | F, G | Shade House & Nursery (F); Do not apply more than 0.2 lbs. a.i. per acre per year for outdoor applications. |
|
| Carbaryl | Sevin SL | F | |
Chlorpyrifos |
Chlorpyrifos Pro 2 | F | Non-bearing nursery stock in nurseries; Do not exceed 1 lb. a.i. per acre. |
| Chlorpyrifos Pro 4 | F, G | Nursery (F) | |
| Duraguard ME | F, G | Tarnished plant bug; Nursery (F); Potted & cut flowers (G); Direct spray to some open blooms may cause petal drop. |
|
| Dursban 50W | F | Nursery (F) | |
| Cyfluthrin | Decathlon 20 WP | F, G | |
| Deltamethrin | Deltagard GC 5 SC | F | Nursery |
| Fenpropathrin | Tame 2.4EC | F, G | Tarnished plant bug; Nursery & Shade house (F); Do not use less than a 7 day retreatment interval. |
| Lambda-Cyhalothrin | Scimitar GC | F, G | Nursery & Shade house (F); Do not apply more than 0.36 lbs. a.i. (52.4 fl. oz. of concentrate) per acre per year. |
| Malathion | Atrapa 5E Gowan Malathion 8F Malathion 5EC Prozap 57EC |
F | Tarnished plant bug |
| Permethrin | Astro | F, G | Field & container grown nursery stock (F); Do not apply more than 2.0 lb. a.i. per acre per year. |
Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids |
Insecticidal Soap 49.52 | F, G | Spider mites; Caution: Do not use on new transplants, newly rooted cuttings, or plants stressed by drought. Test on chrysanthemums for varietal sensitivity and do not apply to open blooms. |
| M-Pede | F, G | Tank mixes with chlorothalonil should be avoided. Potential for injury increases on plants stressed by heat, humidity, drought, or insect, mite or disease pressure. Flowers may be injured when sprayed. |
|
Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide |
Diatect Multipurpose | F | |
| Pyrenone Crop Spray | F, G | ||
| Pyrethrins, Rotenone & Other Cube Resins | Pyrellin EC | F, G | Apply in intervals of 7 days or less. |
| Refined Petroleum Distillate | Saf-T-Side Spray Oil | F, G | Bedding plants (F); Do not use in combination with or immediately before or after spraying with fungicides such as captan, oxythioquinox or any product containing sulfur. Also do not use with carbaryl (Sevin) or dimethoate. Do not use with any product whose label recommends the use of no oils. Do not use in combination with NPK foliar fertilizer applications. |
| Tau-Fluvalinate | Mavrik Aquaflow | F, G | Lygus plant bugs |
| Trichlorfon | Proxol 80SP | F | Tarnished plant bug |
1“F” indicates field production. Lath house and shade house production normally are considered components of field production. “G” indicates greenhouse production. 2Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (nursery, potted plants, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit numbers or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc. |
|||
Table 9.
Shore Fly (Diptera: Ephydridae) control measures available for commercial chrysanthemum production in Florida.
Common Name |
Trade Name/ Formulation |
Production Site1 |
Notes from Label2 |
Azadirachtin |
Azatin XL Ornazin 3% EC |
F, G | |
Beauveria bassiana |
Naturalis T&O | F, G | |
| Chlorpyrifos | Duraguard ME | F, G | Nursery (F); Potted & cut flowers (G); Direct spray to some open blooms may cause petal drop. |
| Chlorpyrifos & Cyfluthrin | Duraplex |
G | |
| Cyromazine | Citation | G | Will not control adult stages. Do not make more than six applications to one crop. |
| Diazinon | KnoxOut GH | G | Larvae; For use until December 31, 2004. |
| KnoxOut NL | F | Larvae; Nursery | |
| Fenoxycarb | Precision | F, G | Container & shade house grown (F); Will not control the adult stage. Do not exceed a maximum of 30 applications per year for greenhouse use. |
| Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids | M-Pede | F, G | Tank mixes with chlorothalonil should be avoided. Potential for injury increases on plants stressed by heat, humidity, drought, or insect, mite or disease pressure. Flowers may be injured when sprayed. |
| Pyriproxyfen | Distance | F, G | Apply Distance or Pyrigro no more than two times per cropping cycle or no more than two times per 6 months. |
Steinernema carpocapsae |
Millenium | F, G | Nursery (F) |
1“F” indicates field production. Lath house and shade house production normally are considered components of field production. “G” indicates greenhouse production. 2Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (nursery, potted plants, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit numbers or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc. |
|||
Table 10.
Slug and snail (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Limacidae) control measures available for commercial chrysanthemum production in Florida.
Common Name |
Trade Name/ Formulation |
Production Site1 |
Notes from Label2 |
Metaldehyde |
Deadline Bullets, M-PS | F, G | Nursery (F) |
Durham Metaldehyde Granules 3.5, 7.5 Trails End 3.5, LG |
G | Do not apply directly to plants; A bait; Do not re-water for 48 hours; For heavily infested greenhouses a second application is recommended 7 to 10 days after first application. |
|
Methiocarb |
Mesurol 75-W, Pro | F, G | Nursery & mature plantings (F); Do not apply with oil. |
1“F” indicates field production. Lath house and shade house production normally are considered components of field production. “G” indicates greenhouse production. 2Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (nursery, potted plants, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit numbers or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc. |
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Table 11.
Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) control measures available for commercial chrysanthemum production in Florida.
Common Name |
Trade Name/ Formulation |
Production Site1 |
Notes from Label2 |
Acephate |
1300 Orthene TR |
G |
|
| Acephate Pro 75, WSP | G | Do not apply more than once every 28 days. Phytotoxicity has occurred on chrysanthemum varieties: Albatross, Bonnie Jean, Dixie, Garland, Gent, Iceberg, Pride, Showoff, Statesman, Tally Ho, Westward Ho, Wild Honey. Do not apply to open flowers. |
|
Address T/O Sedagri Acephate 75 SP |
F, G | Do not apply more than once every 28 days. Phytotoxicity has occurred on chrysanthemum varieties: Albatross, Bonnie Jean, Dixie, Garland, Gent, Iceberg, Pride, Showoff, Statesman, Tally Ho, Westward Ho, Wild Honey. Do not apply to open flowers. |
|
| Orthene Turf, Tree & Oramental Spray 75, 97 | F, G | ||
Azadirachtin |
Azatin XL Ornazin 3% EC |
F, G |
|
| Azinphos-Methyl | Guthion Solupak | F | Nursery stock |
Beauveria bassiana |
Botanigard 22WP |
F, G | Nursery & Shade house (F) |
Botanigard ES |
F, G | Nursery (F) |
|
| Naturalis T&O | F, G | ||
Bifenthrin |
Attain TR Talstar Flowable Talstar GH Prescription |
G | |
| Talstar N | F, G | Shade house & nursery (F) | |
| Talstar Nursery Flowable | F, G | Shade house & nursery (F); Do not apply more than 0.2 lbs. a.i. per acre per year for outdoor applications. |
|
| Carbaryl | Sevin SL | F | Exposed thrips |
Chlorpyrifos |
Duraguard ME | F, G | Nursery (F); Potted & cut flowers (G); Direct spray to some open blooms may cause petal drop. |
| Dursban 50W | F | Exposed thrips; Nursery |
|
| Chlorpyrifos & Cyfluthrin | G | ||
| Cyfluthrin | Decathlon 20WP |
F, G | |
Diazinon |
Diazinon 50W Diazinon 5WB Diazinon AG 500 (Micro Flo) Diazinon Insecticide |
F | |
| KnoxOut GH | G | For use until December 31, 2004. | |
| KnoxOut NL | F | Nursery | |
| Disulfoton | Di-Syston 15%G | F | |
Fenoxycarb |
Precision | F, G | Container & shade house grown (F); Will not control the adult stage. Do not exceed a maximum of 30 applications per year for greenhouse use. |
| Preclude TR | G | ||
| Fenpropathrin | Tame 2.4EC | F, G | Nursery & shade house (F); Do not use less than a 7-day retreatment interval. |
Imidacloprid |
Marathon 1% Granular | F, G | Suppression; Nursery (F); For outdoor ornamentals grown in beds, applications cannot exceed a total of 40 lbs. (0.4 lbs. active ingredient) per acre per year. On plants with a production cycle of less than 1 year, application is not to exceed a frequency of more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. |
| Marathon 60WP | F, G | Suppression; Nursery (F); Soil treatment only; For outdoor ornamentals grown in beds applications cannot exceed a total of 10.7 oz. (0.4 lbs. active ingredient) per acre per year. On plants with a production cycle of less than 1 year, application is not to exceed a frequency of more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. |
|
| Marathon II | F, G | Thrips are suppressed on foliage only, not in buds or flowers. On outdoor ornamentals do not apply more than 1.6 pt. (0.4 lbs. a.i.) per acre per year. |
|
| Lambda-Cyhalothrin | Scimitar GC | F, G | Nursery & Shade house (F); Do not apply more than 0.36 lbs. a.i. (52.4 fl. oz. of concentrate) per acre per year. |
| Malathion | Atrapa 5E Gowan Malathion 8F Malathion 5EC Prozap Malathion 57EC |
F | |
| Methiocarb | Mesurol 75-W | F, G | Western flower thrips; Nursery & mature ornamental plantings (F); Do not apply with oil. |
| Novaluron | Pedestal | F, G | Container grown (F, G); Shade house & nursery (F); Use only one application before rotation with other classes of insecticides with different modes of action. Use at least two alternative products between applications. Do not: apply more than once every 30 days, make more than two applications per crop year, apply in successive applications, apply more than 52 fl. oz. per acre per year per crop, use more than once within each generation cycle. |
| Permethrin | Ambush | F | Citrus thrips |
| Ambush 25W | F | Citrus thrips; Do not apply more than 2.0 lbs. a.i. per acre per season. Application to blooming plants may cause browning of petals. |
|
| Astro | F, G | Citrus thrips; Field & container grown nursery stock (F); Do not apply more than 2.0 lb. a.i. per acre per year. |
|
Perm-Up 3.2EC Pounce 25WP Pounce 3.2EC Pounce WSB |
F | Citrus thrips; Nursery stock |
|
Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids |
Insecticidal Soap 49.52 | F, G | Caution: Do not use on new transplants, newly rooted cuttings, or plants stressed by drought. Test on chrysanthemums for varietal sensitivity and do not apply to open blooms. |
| M-Pede | F, G | Exposed thrips; Tank mixes with chlorothalonil should be avoided. Potential for injury increases on plants stressed by heat, humidity, drought, or insect, mite or disease pressure. Flowers may be injured when sprayed. |
|
Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide |
1100 Pyrethrum TR | G | |
| Diatect Multipurpose | F | ||
Pyreth-It Pyrenone Crop Spray |
F, G | ||
| Pyrethrins, Rotenone & Other Cube Resins | Pyrellin EC | F, G | Apply in intervals of 7 days or less. |
Refined Petroleum Distillate |
Safe-T-Side Spray Oil | F, G | Bedding plants (F); Do not use in combination with or immediately before or after spraying with fungicides such as captan, oxythioquinox or any product containing sulfur. Also do not use with carbaryl (Sevin) or dimethoate. Do not use with any product whose label recommends the use of no oils. Do not use in combination with NPK foliar fertilizer applications. |
| Ultra-Fine Oil | F, G | Caution: Spray no more than four consecutive sprays. The frequency of consecutive sprays should not exceed once every 2 weeks. Early morning applications are recommended. Do not tank mix with insecticide or miticide whose label indicates that it should not be used with oil. Do not use with captan, chlorothalonil, dimethoate, methiocarb, oxythioquinox, propargite, and any product containing sulfur. This list is not exhaustive; therefore, for products not included in this list, consult label for compatibility information. |
|
| Spinosad | Conserve SC | F, G | Exposed thrips; When used in greenhouse or areas of commercial production in nurseries (including plant propagation beds): Do not apply more than 10 times in a 12-month period per crop regardless of the pest being treated. Because generations of a specific pest may overlap, rotate control products and never apply more than three consecutive applications of Conserve SC or products containing the same a.i. or products with the same mode of action. Except for greenhouses and structures that can be altered to be closed or open, do not reapply within less than 7 days. |
| Tau-Fluvalinate | Mavrik Aquaflow | F, G | |
1“F” indicates field production. Lath house and shade house production normally are considered components of field production. “G” indicates greenhouse production. 2Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (nursery, potted plants, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit numbers or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc. |
|||
Table 12.
Whiteflies (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) control measures available for commercial chrysanthemum production in Florida.
Common Name |
Trade Name/ Formulation |
Production Site1 |
Notes from Label2 |
Acephate3 |
1300 Orthene TR | G | |
| Acephate Pro 75, WSP | G | Do not apply more than once every 28 days. Phytotoxicity has occurred on chrysanthemum varieties: Albatross, Bonnie Jean, Dixie, Garland, Gent, Iceberg, Pride, Showoff, Statesman, Tally Ho, Westward Ho, Wild Honey. Do not apply to open flowers. | |
Address T/O Sedagri Acephate 75 SP |
F, G | Do not apply more than once every 28 days. Phytotoxicity has occurred on chrysanthemum varieties: Albatross, Bonnie Jean, Dixie, Garland, Gent, Iceberg, Pride, Showoff, Statesman, Tally Ho, Westward Ho, Wild Honey. Do not apply to open flowers. | |
| Orthene Turf, Tree & Ornamental Spray 75, 97 | F, G | ||
| Azadirachtin | Azatin XL Ornazin 3% EC |
F, G | |
Beauveria bassiana |
Botanigard 22WP | F, G | Nursery & Shade house (F) |
| Botanigard ES | F, G | Nursery (F) | |
| Naturalis T&O | F, G | ||
Bifenthrin |
Attain TR Talstar Flowable Talstar GH Prescription |
G | |
| Talstar N | F, G | Shade house & Nursery (F) | |
| Talstar Nursery Flowable | F, G | Shade house & Nursery (F); Do not apply more than 0.2 lbs. a.i. per acre per year for outdoor applications. | |
| Chlorpyrifos & Cyfluthrin | Duraplex | G | |
| Clarified Hydrophobic Extract of Neem Oil | Triact 70 | F, G | Most effective when applied early to mid-morning or late afternoon. |
| Cyfluthrin | Decathlon 20WP | F, G | |
| Diflubenzuron | Adept | F, G | Suppression; Shade house (F); Do not make more than four applications per crop. Do not reuse potting media that has been treated with Adept. Do not apply to plants grown on capillary water mats. |
Dimilin 25W Dimilin SC |
F, G | Suppression; shade house (F) | |
| Disulfoton | Di-Syston 15%G | F | |
Endosulfan |
Endosulfan 50WP Phaser 3EC Phaser 50WSB Thiodan 3EC |
F, G | Do not apply to 'Bonnafon Delux', 'Fred Shoesmith', and 'White Knight' as injury may result. Do not exceed a maximum of 3 lbs. a.i. per acre per year. |
Fenoxycarb |
Precision | F, G | Silverleaf [alias sweetpotato] and greenhouse whitefly; Container & shade house grown (F); Will not control the adult stage. Do not exceed a maximum of 30 applications per year for greenhouse use. |
| Preclude TR | G | ||
| Fenpropathrin | Tame 2.4EC | F, G | Silverleaf whitefly and sweetpotato whitefly (includes all instars and transitional stages [pupae]); Nursery & Shade house (F); Do not use less than a 7 day retreatment interval. |
| Imidacloprid | Marathon 1% Granular | F, G | Nursery (F); For outdoor ornamentals grown in beds, applications cannot exceed a total of 40 lbs. (0.4 lbs. active ingredient) per acre per year. On plants with a production cycle of less than 1 year, application is not to exceed a frequency of more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. |
| Marathon 60WP | F, G | Nursery (F); Soil treatment only; For outdoor ornamentals grown in beds applications cannot exceed a total of 10.7 oz. (0.4 lbs. active ingredient) per acre per year. On plants with a production cycle of less than 1 year, application is not to exceed a frequency of more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. |
|
| Marathon II | F, G | On outdoor ornamentals do not apply more than 1.6 pt. (0.4 lbs. a.i.) per acre per year. |
|
| Provado | F | Edible-leaved and garland; Do not apply more than 18.75 fl .oz. per year as foliar sprays, and regardless of formulation or type of application do not apply more than 0.5 lbs. a.i. of Admire or Provado per acre per season. | |
| Lambda-Cyhalothrin | Scimitar GC | F, G | Nursery & Shade house (F); Do not apply more than 0.36 lbs. a.i. (52.4 fl. oz. of concentrate) per acre per year. |
| Novaluron | Pedestal | F, G | Container grown (F, G); Shade house & nursery (F); Use only one application before rotation with other classes of insecticides with different modes of action. Use at least two alternative products between applications. Do not: apply more than once every 30 days, make more than two applications per crop year, apply in successive applications, apply more than 52 fl. oz. per acre per year per crop, use more than once within each generation cycle. |
Permethrin |
Ambush | F | |
| Ambush 25W | F | Do not apply more than 2.0 lbs. a.i. per acre per season. Application to blooming plants may cause browning of petals. |
|
| Astro | F, G | Field & container grown nursery stock (F); Do not apply more than 2.0 lb. a.i. per acre per year. |
|
Perm-Up Pounce 3.2EC Pounce 25WP Pounce WSB |
F | Nursery stock | |
Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids |
Insecticidal Soap 49.52 | F, G | Caution: Do not use on new transplants, newly rooted cuttings, or plants stressed by drought. Test on chrysanthemums for varietal sensitivity and do not apply to open blooms. |
| M-Pede | F, G | Tank mixes with chlorothalonil should be avoided. Potential for injury increases on plants stressed by heat, humidity, drought, or insect, mite or disease pressure. Flowers may be injured when sprayed. |
|
| Pymetrozine | Endeavor |
F, G | Do not apply more than 10 oz. per acre per application. For outdoor use, do not apply more than 48 oz. per acre per year. For indoor use, do not apply more than 100 oz. per acre per year. |
Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide |
1100 Pyrethrum | G | |
| Diatect Multipurpose | F | ||
Pyreth-It Pyrenone Crop Spray |
F, G | ||
| Pyrethrins, Rotenone & Other Cube Resins | Pyrellin EC | F, G | Apply in intervals of 7 days or less. |
| Pyridaben | Sanmite 75W | F, G | Maximum seasonal use rate: do not exceed 21.34 ounces per acre per year. |
Pyriproxyfen |
Distance | F, G | Apply Distance or Pyrigro no more than two times per cropping cycle or no more than two times per 6 months. |
| Pyrigro | F, G | Shade house & garden centers (F); Apply Distance or Pyrigro no more than two times per cropping cycle or no more than two times per 6 months. |
|
Refined Petroleum Distillate |
Saf-T-Side Spray Oil | F, G | Bedding plants (F); Controls in the egg stage; Do not use in combination with or immediately before or after spraying with fungicides such as captan, oxythioquinox or any product containing sulfur. Also do not use with carbaryl (Sevin) or dimethoate. Do not use with any product whose label recommends the use of no oils. Do not use in combination with NPK foliar fertilizer applications. |
| Ultra-Fine Oil | F, G |
Caution: Spray no more than four consecutive sprays. The frequency of consecutive sprays should not exceed once every 2 weeks. Early morning applications are recommended. Do not tank mix with insecticide or miticide whose label indicates that it should not be used with oil. Do not use with captan, chlorothalonil, dimethoate, methiocarb, oxythioquinox, propargite, any product containing sulfur. This list is not exhaustive; therefore, for products not included in this list, consult label for compatibility information. |
|
| S-Kinoprene | Enstar II | G | Slight to moderate injury has occurred on some blooms under certain conditions, suggest application be made in pre-bloom stage. |
| Tau-Fluvalinate | Mavrik Aquaflow | F, G | |
1“F” indicates field production. Lath house and shade house production normally are considered components of field production. “G” indicates greenhouse production. 2Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (nursery, potted plants, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit numbers or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc. 3The combination of acephate with a pyrethroid, such as fenpropathrin, has resulted in synergistic effects on whitefly mortality. |
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Footnotes
This document is ENY-302, one of a series of the Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Publication date: September 1995. Revised: February 2003. Please visit the EDIS Website at http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu.
James F. Price, associate professor, Curtis Nagle, biologist and Elzie McCord, Jr., adjunct professor, University of Florida Entomology and Nematology Department, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Bradenton, FL 34203.
The use of trade names in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information. UF/IFAS does not guarantee or warranty the products named, and references to them in this publication does not signify our approval to the exclusion of other products of suitable composition. All chemicals should be used in accordance with directions on the manufacturer's label. Use pesticides safely. Read and follow directions on the manufacturer's label.
The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) is an Equal
Opportunity Institution authorized to provide research, educational
information and other services only to individuals and institutions
that function with non-discrimination with respect to race, creed,
color, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital
status, national origin, political opinions or affiliations.
For more information on obtaining other extension publications,
contact your county Cooperative Extension service.
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service,
University of Florida, IFAS, Florida A. & M. University Cooperative
Extension Program, and Boards of County Commissioners Cooperating. Millie Ferrer, Interim Dean.
