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Insect and Mite Management Suggestions for Commercial, Field-grown Statice Production 1
James F. Price, Curtis Nagle and Elzie McCord2Statice is a winter flower crop in Florida, grown in continuous plantings from September through Mother's Day. Culture typically is on plastic mulched, raised beds in open fields. Leaves are prostrate on or near the bed surface and white, yellow, or purple flowers are borne on 1-2 foot stalks arising from the plant center. Harvested flower stalks can be enjoyed both fresh and dried with a remarkable preservation of flower color.
Several arthropod species may damage this crop, but most losses are due to various armyworms that colonize early stages of crop growth. Flower thrips can become very numerous in the spring, but this crop possesses good tolerance to them during most of the season.
Table 1 presents the chemical control measures for use on commercial statice in Florida and includes microbial insecticides that may be considered components of biological control. The arthropod pests most likely to damage statice are presented alphabetically as section headings. Commercial products available for control of each listed arthropod are grouped by active ingredient. Usually only one example of any particular formulation is given. However, additional examples may exist that are as effective as those mentioned. Notes taken from labels are provided to qualify some uses and precautionary statements and re-entry intervals are given to aid in the safe use of the pesticides. Hyperlinks to product labels are provided in the electronic forms of a separate publication, Insecticides, Miticides & Molluscicides Available to Florida's Floricultural Industry (ENY-679) (http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/IN472 ). These hyperlinks connect to business or governmental Web sites and not to any source maintained by the University of Florida and may change without notice.
Many pesticides are decomposed (hydrolyzed) in the spray tank when mixed with water above pH 7. Growers should be aware of their water pH and when above 7, a buffering solution should be added to maintain pH in the 6.5 to 7 range.
This summary is only a guide to facilitate users' selection of pesticides. Care has been given to provide accurate and up-to-date information, but it is possible that, through label changes, author error, etc., improper uses may be indicated. In all cases it is the applicator's responsibility to read and comply with the label that accompanies each pesticide container.
Telephone number and address of the nearest County Poison Control Center should be posted in a convenient location in case of an accidental poisoning. Also, keep clean copies of labels of all pesticides that are on the premises. In the event of a poisoning, the label of the pesticide involved should be taken to the Poison Control Center or hospital.
Tables
Table 1. Pesticides available to control insects and mites on field-grown statice in Florida.
Common Chemical Name
Trade Name/
Formulation1
Pre- Caution
REI
(Hrs)2
Notes from Label3
Aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae)
Abamectin
Avid 0.15EC Warning 12 Suppression Acephate
Orthene TT&O, S Caution
24
Address T/O, WSP Acephate Pro 75 WSP Acetamiprid TriStar 70WSP Caution 24 Do not make more than five applications per year. Do not reapply more than once every 7 days. Do not apply more than 22 water soluble packs per acre (0.55 lb. a.i./acre) per year. Resistance to other chloronicotinyls/neonicotinyls, such as Merit and Marathon, may result in resistance to TriStar. Therefore, to minimize resistance, rotate with other classes of insecticides.
Azadirachtin
Azatin XL Caution
4
Ornazin 3EC Warning
12 Azinphos-Methyl Guthion Solupak Danger See notes Nursery stock; Variable REIs, See Label Beauveria bassiana
Naturalis L
Caution
4 Botanigard 22WP Warning
12 Nursery & Shade House Botanigard ES Warning
12 Nursery Bifenthrin Talstar N Caution 12 Nursery & Shade House Chlorpyrifos
Dursban 50W WSP Danger 24 Duraguard ME Caution 24 Chlorpyrifos Pro 2 Warning 24 Nursery Stock Chlorpyrifos Pro 4 Warning 24 Nursery Clarified Hydrophobic Extract of Neem Oil
Triact 70 Caution 4 Cyfluthrin
Decathlon 20WP, WSP
Caution 12 Deltamethrin
Deltaguard GC 5SC Caution 12 Diazinon KnoxOut NL Caution 12 Nursery Diazinon AG500 Caution
12
Endosulfan Thiodan 3EC Danger 24 Endosulfan 50WPS Fenpropathrin
Tame 2.4EC Warning 24 Nursery & Shade House Imidacloprid
Marathon 60WP, 1G, II
Caution 12 Lambda-Cyhalothrin
Scimitar GC Caution 24 Malathion
Gowan Malathion 8F Caution 12 Atrapa 5E Malathion 5, 5EC Warning 12 Oxydemeton-Methyl
Metasystox-R Warning 48 Field-grown nursery stock; Variable REIs, See Label Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids
Insecticidal Soap 49.52 CF Warning 12 M-Pede Warning 12 Combine with other pesticides Pymetrozine
Endeavor Caution 12 Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide
Diatect Multipurpose
Caution 12 Pyreth-It Pyrenone Crop Spray Pyrethrins & Rotenone & Other Cube Resins
Pyrellin EC Caution 12 Pyriproxyfen
Distance IGR Caution 12 Suppression Refined Petroleum Distillate
Ultra-Fine Oil Caution
4 Saf-T-Side Spray Oil Tau-Fluvalinate Mavrik Aquaflow Caution 12 Thiamethoxam Flagship 25WG Caution 12 Container, nursery or shade house grown. Do not exceed 8 oz. per acre per crop or year, which ever is shorter. Armyworms (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) See also: Caterpillars
Acephate
Orthene TT&O, S
Caution 24 Fall, southern & yellowstriped armyworm Address T/O, WSP Acephate Pro 75 WSP Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai
XenTari, DF Caution 4 Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki
Javelin WG Caution 4 Dipel Pro DF, 2X Troy-BT 2WP Biobit HP Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki EG7841
Crymax WP Caution 4 Beauveria bassiana
Naturalis L
Caution 4 Bifenthrin Talstar N Caution 12 Do not apply more than 0.2 lbs. a.i. per acre per year.
Chlorpyrifos
Dursban 50W
Danger 24 Chlorpyrifos Pro 2 Warning 24 Nursery Stock
Chlorpyrifos Pro 4 Warning 24 Nursery Diflubenzuron
Adept Caution 12
Shade House
Dimilin SC Dimilin 25W
Caution 12 Beet armyworm; Shade House Fenpropathrin Tame 2.4EC Warning 24 Beet armyworm; Nursery & Shade House Heterorhabditis indica
Grubstake 100 Caution 0 Novaluron Pedestal Caution 12 Container grown in shade house or nursery; do not apply more than once every 30 days. Do not make more than two applications per crop year. Do not apply more than 52 fl. oz. per acre per year per crop. Resistance management: Do not apply in successive applications, use only one application before rotation with other classes of insecticides with different modes of action. Use at least two alternative products between applications of pedestal. Do not use more than once within each generation cycle.
Permethrin
Pounce 25WP, WSB
Warning 12 Beet armyworm; Field-Grown Nursery Stock
Ambush Pounce 3.2EC Caution 12 Beet armyworm; Field-Grown Nursery Stock
Steinernema carpocapsae
Millenium Caution 0 Nursery Tebufenozide Confirm T/O Caution 4 Nursery Caterpillars (Lepidoptera)
(See Also: Armyworms and Loopers)
Acephate
Orthene TT&O, S
Caution 24 Cutworms Address T/O, WSP Acephate Pro 75 WSP Azadirachtin
Ornazin 3EC Warning 12 Azatin XL Caution 4 Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki
Javelin WG Caution 4 Dipel Pro DF, 2X
Troy-BT 2 WP
Biobit HP
Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai
XenTari, DF Caution 4 Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki EG7841
Crymax WP
Caution 4 Beauveria bassiana
Naturalis L
Caution 4 Bifenthrin Talstar N Caution 12 Shade House & Nursery; Leaf-feeding caterpillars Cyfluthrin Decathlon 20WP, WSP
Caution 12 Leaf-feeding caterpillars Deltamethrin Deltaguard GC 5SC Caution 12 Nursery; Leaf-feeding caterpillars Lambda-Cyhalothrin Scimitar GC Caution 24 Leaf-feeding caterpillars
Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids M-Pede Warning 12 Cutworm Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide
Diatect Multipurpose Caution 12
Pyreth-It Pyrenone Crop Spray Pyrethrins & Rotenone & Other Cube Resins Pyrellin EC Caution 12 Spinosad Conserve SC T&O Caution 4 Lepidopterous larvae Tau-Fluvalinate
Mavrik Aquaflow
Caution 12 Leaf-feeding caterpillars Dipterous Leafminers (Diptera: Agromyzidae)
Abamectin
Avid 0.15EC Warning 12 Azadirachtin
Ornazin 3EC Warning 12 Azatin XL Caution 4 Bifenthrin
Talstar N Caution 12 Cyromazine
Citation Caution 12 Deltamethrin
Deltaguard GC 5SC Caution 12 Fenpropathrin Tame 2.4EC Warning 24 Nursery Imidacloprid Marathon 60WP, 1G, II
Caution 12 Field Nursery, Flats, Beds, Benches & Containers Lambda-Cyhalothrin Scimitar GC Caution 24 Adults Novaluron Pedestal Caution 12 Suppression; container grown in shade house or nursery; do not apply more than once every 30 days. Do not make more than two applications per crop year. Do not apply more than 52 fl. oz. per acre per year per crop. Resistance management: Do not apply in successive applications, use only one application before rotation with other classes of insecticides with different modes of action. Use at least two alternative products between applications of pedestal. Do not use more than once within each generation cycle.
Permethrin Ambush Warning 12 Field-Grown Nursery Stock Pounce 25WP, WSB
Pounce 3.2EC Caution 12 Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids M-Pede Warning 12 Must combine with other pesticides Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide
Diatect Multipurpose Caution
12
Pyrenone Crop Spray Pyrethrins & Rotenone & Other Cube Resins Pyrellin EC Caution 12 Refined Petroleum Distillate
Ultra-Fine Oil Caution 4 Saf-T-Side Spray Oil Spinosad Conserve SC T&O Caution 4 Loopers (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) See also: Caterpillars
Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki
Javelin WG Caution 4 Dipel Pro DF, 2X
Troy-BT 2WP
Crymax WP Biobit HP Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai
XenTari, DF Caution 4 Permethrin
Pounce 3.2EC Caution 12 Cabbage looper; Field-grown nursery stock
Ambush Warning 12 Cabbage looper; Field-grown nursery stock
Pounce 25 WP, WSB
Shore Flies (Diptera: Ephydridae)
Azadirachtin
Ornazin 3EC Warning 12 Azatin XL Caution 4 Beauveria bassiana
Naturalis L
Caution 4 Chlorpyrifos Duraguard ME Caution 24 Diazinon KnoxOut NL Caution 12 Larvae, Nursery Diflubenzuron Adept Caution 12 Bed, Bench & Container Grown; Shade House Fenoxycarb Precision Caution 12 Container-Grown & Shade House Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids M-Pede Warning 12 Pyriproxyfen Distance IGR Caution 12 Steinernema carpocapsae
Millenium Caution 0 Nursery Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)
Abamectin Avid 0.15EC Warning 12
Suppression Acephate
Orthene TT&O, S Caution
24
Address T/O Acephate Pro 75 WSP Acetamiprid TriStar 70WSP Caution 24 Citrus thrips; do not make more than five applications per year. Do not reapply more than once every 7 days. Do not apply more than 22 water soluble packs per acre (0.55 lb. a.i./acre) per year. Resistance to other chloronicotinyls/neonicotinyls, such as Merit and Marathon, may result in resistance to TriStar. Therefore, to minimize resistance, rotate with other classes of insecticides.
Azadirachtin Azatin XL Caution 4 Azinphos-Methyl Guthion Solupak Danger 48 Nursery Stock; Variable REIs See Label Beauveria bassiana
Naturalis L
Caution 4 Botanigard 22WP Warning 12 Nursery & Shade House Botanigard ES Warning 12 Nursery Bifenthrin Talstar N Caution 12 Shade House & Nursery Carbaryl Sevin SL Caution
12 Exposed Thrips
Chlorpyrifos
Dursban 50W WSP Danger 24 Nursery; Exposed Thrips Duraguard ME Caution 24 Cyfluthrin Decathlon 20WP, WSP
Caution 12 Diazinon KnoxOut NL Caution 12
Nursery Fenoxycarb Precision Caution 12 Container-Grown & Shade House Fenpropathrin Tame 2.4EC
Warning
24 Nursery & Shade House Imidacloprid
Marathon 60WP, 1G
Caution 12 Suppression; Field Nurseries, Container Stock & Plants in Flats, Benches or Beds
Marathon II Caution 12 Suppression on Foliage Only; Field Nurseries, Container Stock & Plants in Flats, Benches or Beds Lambda-Cyhalothrin Scimitar GC Caution 24 Shade House & Nursery Malathion
Gowan Malathion 8F Caution
12
Atrapa 5E Malathion 5, 5EC Warning 12 Methiocarb Mesurol 75W Danger 24 Nursery; Western Flower Thrips Novaluron Pedestal Caution 12 Container grown in shade house or nursery; do not apply more than once every 30 days. Do not make more than two applications per crop year. Do not apply more than 52 fl. oz. per acre per year per crop. Resistance management: Do not apply in successive applications, use only one application before rotation with other classes of insecticides with different modes of action. Use at least two alternative products between applications of pedestal. Do not use more than once within each generation cycle.
Permethrin Pounce 3.2EC Caution 12 Citrus Thrips; Field-Grown Nursery Stock
Ambush Warning
12
Citrus Thrips; Field-Grown Nursery Stock
Pounce 25 WP, WSB
Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids
Insecticidal Soap 49.52 CF Warning 12 M-Pede Warning 12 Exposed Thrips Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide
Diatect Multipurpose Caution 12
Pyreth-It Pyrenone Crop Spray Pyrethrins & Rotenone & Other Cube Resins Pyrellin EC Caution 12
Spinosad Conserve SC T&O Caution 4
Exposed Thrips
Tau-Fluvalinate Mavrik Aquaflow
Caution 12
Twospotted Spider Mites (Tetranychus urticae)
Abamectin
Avid 0.15EC Warning 12 Beauveria bassiana
Naturalis L
Caution 4 Bifenazate
Floramite Caution
4 Bifenthrin Talstar N Caution 12 Shade House & Nursery Clarified Extract of Neem Oil Triact 70 Caution 4 Clofentizine Ovation SC Caution 12 Dicofol
Kelthane 50WSP Danger 48 Nursery Etoxazole Tetrasan 5 WDG Caution 12 Controls in egg and nymph stages of growth. Resistance management: Apply no more than two times per cropping cycle (start to finish for one ornamental crop) or no more than two times per 6 months. Apply second application no sooner than 14 days after the first application. If rapid control (less than 7 days) is required, apply in combination with a contact adulticide.
Fenbutatin-Oxide Vendex 50WP Danger 48 Fenpropathrin Tame 2.4EC Warning 24 Nursery
Hexythiazox
Hexygon Caution 12 Hexygon DF Caution 12 Nursery Lambda-Cyhalothrin Scimitar GC Caution 24 Shade House & Nursery Methiocarb Mesurol 75W Warning 24 Nursery Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids Insecticidal Soap 49.52CF Warning 12 M-Pede Propargite Ornamite Danger 7 days Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide Diatect Multipurpose Caution 12 Pyrethrins & Rotenone & Other Cube Resins
Pyrellin EC Caution 12 Pyridaben Sanmite Warning 12 Refined Petroleum Distillate
Ultra-Fine Oil Caution
4
Saf-T-Side Spray Oil Spinosad Conserve SC T&O Caution 4 Tau-Fluvalinate Mavrik Aquaflow Caution 12 1 Usually only one example of each formulation is given. There may be other products available that are as effective as those listed. 2 REI = Re-entry Interval or period between application and earliest normal entry into treated area.
3 Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (suppression, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit number or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc.
Footnotes
1. This document is ENY-310, one of a series of the Department of Entomology and Nematology, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Date first published: October 1993. Revised: December 2003. Please visit the EDIS Website at http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu.2. James F. Price, associate professor, Curtis Nagle, biologist, and Elzie McCord, adjunct professor, Entomology and Nematology Department, GCREC, Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Bradenton.
The use of trade names in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information. UF/IFAS does not guarantee or warranty the products named, and references to them in this publication does not signify our approval to the exclusion of other products of suitable composition. Use pesticides safely. Read and follow directions on the manufacturer's label.
The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) is an Equal Opportunity Institution authorized to provide research, educational information and other services only to individuals and institutions that function with non-discrimination with respect to race, creed, color, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, political opinions or affiliations. For more information on obtaining other extension publications, contact your county Cooperative Extension service.
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Florida, IFAS, Florida A. & M. University Cooperative Extension Program, and Boards of County Commissioners Cooperating. Larry Arrington, Dean.
Copyright Information
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