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Publication #ENY-655

Insect and Mite Management Suggestions on Commercial Field and Shade House-Grown Flower Crops in Florida1

James F. Price, Curtis Nagle and Elzie McCord, Jr.2

Effective management of arthropod pests of commercial floral crops requires that pests be detected in a timely manner through systematic scouting and that appropriate control measures be applied as conditions warrant. Control measures may include economic combinations of cultural controls (such as disposal of crop residue, reducing unnecessary water in the production environment, selection of less affected varieties and species etc.), physical controls (such as screen barriers, hot water treatments of certain planting stock, hand removal of pests etc.), biological controls (such as release of beneficial parasites, predators and pathogens to attack the pests) and chemical controls.

This summary presents the chemical control measures that are available to commercial flower producers in Florida and includes microbial insecticides that may be considered also as components of biological control. Pesticide labels sometimes provide for the product's use on any "ornamental" or "flower" crop and sometimes for use only on specifically named flower crops. This document addresses the following major pest groups:

There is a table of information for each pest group presented and each table is divided into two parts where applicable. Within each part of a table, appropriate commercial products available are grouped alphabetically by active ingredient. Usually, only one example of any particular formulation is given. Other examples or other formulations may exist that are as effective as those mentioned. The first part lists pesticides whose label provides for the products use on any “ornamental” or “flower” crop. The second part lists products whose label provides for the products use only on specifically named flower crops. The reader must consult the label to determine which flower crops may be treated.

Producers are permitted by the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) to apply a pesticide to control a pest not listed on the label, so long as the product's use is permitted on the target crop and all other provisions of the label are followed. The pesticides listed often are registered for use on additional pests not mentioned in this summary.

Precautionary statements, re-entry intervals (REI), restricted use status, and registrants are provided in a separate publication, Insecticides, Miticides & Molluscicides Available to Florida's Floricultural Industry (ENY-679) (http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/IN472), to aid in the selection and safe use of the pesticides. When available, label hyperlinks are provided in the electronic forms of that document.

The product label communicates the lawful use of the product and must be read, understood and followed. The label contains important limitations that may not be presented in these tables. When using a pesticide for the first time, it is important to apply the product first to a small portion of the crop and wait to observe possible detrimental effects, such as leaf distortion and plant stunting.

Many pesticides decompose in the spray tank when mixed with water above pH 7. Growers should test the pH of their water and when above 7, should add a buffering solution to maintain pH between 6.5 and 7.

This summary is only a guide to aid in selection of pesticides. Care has been given to provide accurate and up-to-date information, but it is possible that, through label changes, etc., improper uses may be indicated. In all cases it is the responsibility of the applicator to read, understand, and comply with the label that accompanies each pesticide container.

As an additional precaution, keep the telephone number and address of the nearest county poison control center in a convenient location in case of an accidental poisoning. Also, keep clean copies of labels of all pesticides on your premises. In the event of a poisoning, the label of the pesticide involved should accompany the victim to the poison control center or hospital.

Tables

Table 1. 

Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) control measures available to commercial flower producers in Florida.

Common/Chemical

Name

Trade Name/

Formulation1

Notes from Label2

Products labeled for use on any flower crop:

Abamectin

Avid 0.15EC

Suppression; do not use for suppression of aphids on roses, chrysanthemum, and gerbera. Phytotoxicity has been observed on Shasta Daisy.

Acetamiprid

TriStar 70 WSP

Do not make more than five applications per year. Do not reapply more than once every 7 days. Do not apply more than 22 water soluble packs per acre (0.55 lb. a.i./acre) per year.

Azadirachtin

Azatin XL

Ornazin 3% EC

Azatrol EC

Do not exceed 20 grams a.i., 57 oz., of Azatrol per acre.

Azinphos-Methyl

Guthion Solupak

Nursery stock

Beauveria bassiana ATCC 74040

Naturalis L

Do not tank mix with fungicides. Wait a minimum of 48 hours after application before applying fungicides.

Beauveria bassiana strain GHA

Botanigard 22WP

Nursery & shade house

Botanigard ES

Nursery
Mycotrol O Edible flowers only.

Bifenthrin

BifenthrinPro Multi-Insecticide

Nursery & shade house; do not apply if rain is expected whithin 12 hours (or whatever time is necessary for the spray to dry). Maximum rates: Do not apply more than 0.2 lb. a.i. per acre (40 fl. oz.) in a single application or per year for outdoor applications.

Talstar N

Talstar Nursery Flowable

Nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.2 lbs. a.i. per acre per year for outdoor applications.

Capsaicin & other capsaicinoids

Hot Pepper Wax

Repels; avoid use on variegated African violets and Dicentra eximia.

Chlorpyrifos

Chlorpyrifos Pro 2

Nursery stock in nurseries.

Chlorpyrifos Pro 4

Nursery; some varieties of azaleas, camellias, poinsettias, rose bushes, or variegated ivy show varying degrees of phytotoxicity.

Duragard ME

Nursery; bedding plants, potted and cut flowers. Direct spray to some open blooms may cause petal drop. Do not spray on kalanchoes.

Dursban 50W

Nursery

Clarified Hydrophobic Extract of Neem Oil Triact 70

Test before applying to carnation and the flowers of: Impatiens, fuchsia, hibiscus, and some roses. Most effective when applied early to mid-morning or late afternoon.

Cyfluthrin

Decathlon 20WP

Cyfluthrin & Imidacloprid

Discus

Nursery; application can not exceed a total of 244 oz. per acre per year for outdoor ornamentals grown in beds. On plants with a production cycle of less than one year, application frequency can not exceed more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. On stock plants and woody crops with a production cycle of greater than one year, application may not exceed once a year.

Deltamethrin

Deltaguard GC 5SC Nursery

Diazinon

Diazinon 50W

Diazinon AG 500 (EPA Reg.# 51036-71)

Precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Dinotefuran

Safari 20 SG

Nursery; suppression; broadcast (foliar) applications can not exceed a total of 2.7 lbs. of product (0.54 lb. a.i.) per acre per year.

Endosulfan

Endosulfan 3 EC

Endosulfan 50 WP

Thionex (Endosulfan) 3 EC

Thionex (Endosulfan) 50 WP

Do not exceed 3.0 lbs. a.i. per acre per year. On chrysanthemums, best results will be obtained if applied before plants flower.

Fenpropathrin Tame 2.4EC

Nursery & shade house; do not use less than a 7 day re-treatment interval.

Imidacloprid

Marathon 1% Granular

Nursery; for outdoor ornamentals grown in beds, applications can not exceed a total of 40 lbs. per acre per year. On plants with a production cycle of less than 1 year, application is not to exceed a frequency of more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. On stock plants and woody crops with a production cycle of greater than 1 year, application may not exceed once a year.

Marathon 60 WP

Nursery; this product is to be applied as a soil treatment only. For outdoor ornamentals grown in beds applications can not exceed a total of 10.7 oz. (0.4 lbs. Active ingredient) per acre per year. On plants with a production cycle of less than 1 year, application is not to exceed a frequency of more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. On stock plants and woody crops with a production cycle of greater than 1 year, application may not exceed once a year.

Marathon II

For outdoor ornamentals do not apply more than 1.6 pt. (0.4 lbs. a.i.) per acre per year. Do not apply thru any type of irrigation system.

Lambda-cyhalothrin

Scimitar GC

Nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.36 lbs. a.i. (52.4 fl. oz. of concentrate) per acre per year.

Malathion

Atrapa 5E

Gowan Malathion 8F

Malathion 5 EC

Malathion 57% Premium Grade

Oxydemeton-Methyl

Metasystox-R

Field grown nursery stock; do not make more than 2 applications per season.

Permethrin Perm-Up 3.2 EC

Nursery stock; Marginal leaf burn may occur on salvia, dieffenbachia and pteris fern. Application to blooming plants may cause browning of petals.

Permethrin Pro

Nursery stock; do not apply more than 2.0 lb. a.i. per acre per year.

Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids

AllPro Insecticidal Soap 40%

To achieve enhanced and residual control, use a 1-2% v/v solution of product in combination with recommended products. Tank mixes with products containing chlorothalonil should be avoided as they can cause severe phytotoxicity. If wilting occurs a few hours after application rinse with a clean water spray. Since applications may cause injury to flowers of some plant cultivars, test product on a few flowering plants.

Insecticidal Soap 49.52 CF

Caution: Do not use on new transplants, newly rooted cuttings, plants stressed by drought, or when tender new foliage is present. Avoid application when leaf temperature exceeds 85°F. Note: Do not use on crown of thorns and test on other euphorbias for phytotoxicity. Do not use on bleeding heart, lantana, lilies or sweetpeas. Some varieties of azaleas, begonias, camellias, fuschias, gardenias, orchids, and impatiens have shown sensitivity. Do not apply to poinsettias after bract coloration begins. Test on chrysanthemums for varietal sensitivity and do not apply to open blooms. Do not apply to ornamentals stressed by drought. Test on eugenia and euonymus for varietal and drought sensitivity.

M-Pede

For control of aphids must combine with other pesticides. Tank mixes with chlorothalonil should be avoided. Potential for injury increases on plants stressed by heat, humidity, drought, or insect, mite or disease pressure. Do not apply to very sensitive plants such as: Cherimoya, bleeding heart, or sweetpeas. The following may be sensitive: Crown of thorns and other euphorbia, fuchsia, gardenia, impatiens, Asiatic and oriental lily varieties, lantana, ornamental ivy, poinsettia, redbud, schefflera, zebra plant and some succulents. Flowers of the following may be injured when sprayed: African violet, ageratum, azalea, begonia, camellia, chrysanthemum, dahlia, geranium, gloxinia, impatiens, lily, marigold, orchid, pansy, petunia, poinsettia bracts, rose, salvia, snapdragon, vinca, and zinnia.

Pymetrozine Endeavor

For outdoor use, do not apply more than 48 oz. per acre per year.

Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide

EverGreen EC 60-6

Pyrenone Crop Spray

Pyreth-It

Pyrethrins,

Piperonyl Butoxide & Silicon Dioxide

Diatect Multipurpose Insecticide II

Pyrethrins, Rotenone & other Cube Resins

Pyrellin E.C.

Apply in intervals of 7 days or less.

Pyriproxyfen Distance IGR

Suppression; for foliar spray application, apply Distance no more than two times per cropping cycle or no more than two times per 6 months. For sprench application, if a second application is needed, allow a minimum of 21 days between applications. For drench application: Do not drench plants more than one time per crop cycle. Phytotoxicity has been observed on salvia (Salvia spp.), ghost plant (Graptopetalum paraguayense), schefflera (Schefflera spp.), gardenia (Gardenia spp.), and coral bells (Heuchera sanguinea). It is therefore recommended that Distance not be used on these plants. Do not apply to poinsettia after bract formation.

Refined Petroleum Distillate

Saf-T-Side Spray Oil

This insecticide's mode of action is through suffocation of eggs, larvae and nymphs of insects and adults of soft bodied insects. This mode of action necessitates total spray coverage. Bedding plants; do not use in combination with or immediately before or after spraying with fungicides such as captan, oxythioquinox or any product containing sulfur. Also do not use with carbaryl (Sevin) or dimethoate. Do not use with any product whose label recommends the use of no oils. Do not use in combination with NPK foliar fertilizer applications.

Ultra-Fine Oil

Caution: Spray no more than 4 consecutive sprays. The frequency of consecutive sprays should not exceed once every 2 weeks. Early morning applications are recommended. Do not tank mix with insecticide or miticide whose label indicates that it should not be used with oil. Do not use with captan, chlorothalonil, dimethoate, methiocarb, oxythioquinox, propargite, or any product containing sulfur. This list is not exhaustive; therefore for products not included in this list consult label for compatibility information.

Tau-Fluvalinate Mavrik Aquaflow

Repeat applications not more than four times per month at 5-7 day intervals unless otherwise noted in use directions.

Thiamethoxam

Flagship 25WG

Shade house, container & nursery grown; do not exceed 8 oz. per acre per crop or year, which ever is shorter.

Products labeled for use on specifically named flower crops (see product label for which crops are permitted):

Acephate

Acephate Pro 75

Acephate 97UP

Address T/O

Orthene Turf Tree & Ornamental Spray

Orthene Turf Tree & Ornamental Spray 97

Pinpoint 15 Granular

Container grown nursery stock

Precise Acephate

Container grown nursery stock; irrigate immediately after application, but avoid excessive irrigation, to position product in the root zone. Do not apply to freshly rooted cuttings. Potted plants: For use on 3 inch to 12 inch diameter pots (see supplemental information sheet for proper rates).

Azadirachtin

Aza-Direct

Do not exceed 57 oz. of Aza-Direct per acre per application.

Diazinon

Diazinon 5WB

Diazinon Insecticide

Precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Diazinon AG500 (EPA Reg.# 5905-248)

Nurseries only

Dimethoate

AllPro Cygon 2E

Dimethoate 267

Nurseries; do not use on ornamental plants not listed or on any ornamental stock plants grown as a source of propagation material such as cuttings, layers, root stocks or scions for grafting or budding. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Dimethoate 4 EC

Do not use on ornamental plants not listed on this label unless personal experience has shown to be safe. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Dimethoate 400

Do not use on ornamental plants not listed on this label unless personal experience has shown to be safe. Do not use on any ornamental stock plants grown as a source of propagation material, such as cuttings, layers, root stocks, or scions for grafting or budding. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Endosulfan

Thionex 3EC

Thionex 50W

Nurseries only; do not exceed 3.0 lbs. A.I. per acre per year.

Imidacloprid

Provado 1.6 Flowable

Edible-leaved and garland chrysanthemum; do not apply more than 18.75 fl.oz. per year as foliar sprays, and regardless of formulation or type of application. Do not apply more than 0.5 lbs. a.i. of Admire or Provado per acre per season. For resistance management foliar applications following soil application of Admire in the same crop is not recommended.

Naled

Dibrom 8 Emulsive

Spotting, bronzing or localized burning can occur under certain climatic conditions such as slow drying and high humidity or stress caused by drought or high temperature. Do not spray on ornamental cherries, liquid amber, chrysanthemums or ornamental kale as injury may occur.

1 Usually only one example of each formulation is given. There may be other products available that are as effective as those listed.

2 Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (suppression, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit number or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc.

Table 2. 

Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) control measures available to commercial flower producers in Florida. See also Caterpillars (Lepidoptera).

Common/Chemical

Name

Trade Name/

Formulation1

Notes from Label2

Products labeled for use on any flower crop:

Acetamiprid

TriStar 70 WSP

Do not make more than five applications per year. Do not reapply more than once every 7 days. Do not apply more than 22 water soluble packs per acre (0.55 lb. a.i./acre) per year. Resistance to other chloronicotinyls/neonicotinyls, such as Merit and Marathon, may result in resistance to TriStar. Therefore, to minimize resistance, rotate with other classes of insecticides.

Azadirachtin

Azatin XL

Ornazin 3% EC

Azatrol EC

Do not exceed 20 grams a.i., 57 oz., of Azatrol per acre.

Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai

Xentari DF

Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki

Deliver

Dipel DF

Javelin WG

Troy-BT 2WP

May be used to control armyworms (1st and 2nd instars) when populations are light and full coverage sprays are applied. If mature worms or heavy populations are present a contact insecticide should be used to enhance control.

Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki strain ABTS-351

Biobit HP

May be used to control armyworms (1st and 2nd instars) when populations are light and full coverage sprays are applied. If mature worms or heavy populations are present a contact insecticide should be used to enhance control.

Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki strain EG2348

Condor Bioinsecticide

Precautions: Do not use in combination with any chlorothalonil based fungicide (Bravo, Terranil etc.). Mixing with other oil based products or surfactants could increase the risk of phytotoxicity.

Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki strain EG7826

Lepinox WDG

Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki strain EG7841

Crymax Bioinsecticide

Beauveria bassiana ATCC 74040

Naturalis L

Do not tank mix with fungicides. Wait a minimum of 48 hours after application before applying fungicides.

Bifenthrin

BifenthrinPro Multi-Insecticide

Nursery & shade house; do not apply if rain is expected whithin 12 hours (or whatever time is necessary for the spray to dry). Maximum rates: Do not apply more than 0.2 lb. a.i. per acre (40 fl. oz.) in a single application or per year for outdoor applications.

Talstar N

Talstar Nursery Flowable

Nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.2 lbs. a.i. per acre per year for outdoor applications.

Capsaicin & other capsaicinoids

Hot Pepper Wax

Repels beet armyworms; avoid use on variegated African violets and Dicentra eximia.

Chlorpyrifos

Chlorpyrifos Pro 2

Nursery stock in nurseries.

Chlorpyrifos Pro 4

Nursery; some varieties of azaleas, camellias, poinsettias, rose bushes, or variegated ivy show varying degrees of phytotoxicity.

Dursban 50W

Nursery

Cyfluthrin

Decathlon 20WP

Cyfluthrin & Imidacloprid

Discus

Nursery; application can not exceed a total of 244 oz. per acre per year for outdoor ornamentals grown in beds. On plants with a production cycle of less than one year, application frequency can not exceed more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. On stock plants and woody crops with a production cycle of greater than one year, application may not exceed once a year.

Deltamethrin

Deltaguard GC 5SC Nursery

Diazinon

Diazinon 50W

Diazinon AG 500 (EPA Reg.# 51036-71)

Precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Diflubenzuron

Adept

Shade house; do not make more than four applications per crop. Do not apply to poinsettias, hibiscus, and Rieger begonia. Do not reuse potting media, which has been treated with Adept. Do not apply to plants grown on capillary water mats.

Dimilin 25W

Beet armyworm; shade house

Dimilin SC

Shade house

Fenpropathrin Tame 2.4EC

Beet armyworm; nursery & shade house; do not use less than a 7 day re-treatment interval.

Heterorhabditis indica

GrubStake 100

Store at 65° F; use within 5 days of receipt. Native to Florida. Do not inject into drip irrigation systems. Do not apply within 21 days of a nematicide application.

Lambda-cyhalothrin

Scimitar GC

Nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.36 lbs. a.i. (52.4 fl. oz. of concentrate) per acre per year.

Novaluron

Pedestal

Container grown plants; nursery & shade house; do not apply more than once every 30 days. Do not make more than two applications per crop year. Do not apply more than 52 fl. oz. per acre per year per crop. Do not apply to poinsettias. Resistance management: Do not apply in successive applications, use only one application before rotation with other classes of insecticides with different modes of action. Use at least two alternative products between applications of Pedestal. Do not use more than once within each generation cycle.

Permethrin

Ambush 25W

Beet armyworm; field grown nursery stock; do not apply more than 2.0 lbs. a.i. per acre per season. Marginal leaf burn may occur on: Salvia, dieffenbachia. Application to blooming plants may cause browning of petals.

Ambush

Pounce 25 WP

Pounce 3.2 EC

Pounce WSB

Beet armyworm; field grown nursery stock

Perm-Up 3.2 EC

Beet armyworm; nursery stock; marginal leaf burn may occur on salvia, dieffenbachia and pteris fern. Application to blooming plants may cause browning of petals.

Permethrin Pro

Nursery stock; do not apply more than 2.0 lb. a.i. per acre per year.

Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide

EverGreen EC 60-6

Pyrenone Crop Spray

Pyreth-It

Pyrethrins,

Piperonyl Butoxide & Silicon Dioxide

Diatect Multipurpose Insecticide II

Pyrethrins & Rotenone & other Cube Resins

Pyrellin E.C.

Apply in intervals of 7 days or less.

Spinosad

Conserve SC

When used in areas of commercial production of herbaceous (non-woody) ornamentals in nurseries (including plant propagation beds): Do not apply more than 10 times in a 12-month period per crop regardless of the pest being treated. Because generations of a specific pest may overlap, rotate control products and never apply more than three consecutive applications of Conserve SC or products containing the same a.i. or products with the same mode of action. Except for structures that can be altered to be closed or open, do not reapply within less than 7 days.

Steinernema carpocapsae

Millenium

Tau-Fluvalinate

Mavrik Aquaflow

Repeat applications not more than four times per month at 5-7 day intervals unless otherwise noted in use directions.

Products labeled for use on specifically named flower crops (see product label for which crops are permitted):

Azadirachtin

Aza-Direct

Do not exceed 57 oz. of Aza-Direct per acre per application.

Diazinon

Diazinon 5WB

Diazinon Insecticide

Precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Diflubenzuron

Dimilin 25W Insect Growth Regulator EPA Reg. # 400-465

Early instar armyworms; not for trees or shrubs grown in shade houses.

Naled

Dibrom 8 Emulsive

Spotting, bronzing or localized burning can occur under certain climatic conditions such as slow drying and high humidity or stress caused by drought or high temperature. Do not spray on ornamental cherries, liquid amber, chrysanthemums or ornamental kale as injury may occur.

POBs of the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of Spodoptera exigua

Spod-X LC

Beet armyworm; use non-chlorinated water at a pH near 7.0 in the spray tank mix.

1 Usually only one example of each formulation is given. There may be other products available that are as effective as those listed.

2 Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (suppression, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit number or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc.

Table 3. 

Control measures for other caterpillars (Lepidoptera) available to commercial flower producers in Florida. See also tables for these other named caterpillars: Armyworms, Helicoverpa (corn earworm, etc.) and Heliothis (tobacco budworm, etc.) Leafrollers, Leaftiers, and Loopers.

Common/Chemical

Name

Trade Name/

Formulation1

Notes from Label2

Products labeled for use on any flower crop:

Acetamiprid

TriStar 70 WSP

Do not make more than five applications per year. Do not reapply more than once every 7 days. Do not apply more than 22 water soluble packs per acre (0.55 lb. a.i./acre) per year. Resistance to other chloronicotinyls/neonicotinyls, such as Merit and Marathon, may result in resistance to TriStar. Therefore, to minimize resistance, rotate with other classes of insecticides.

Azadirachtin

Azatin XL

Ornazin 3% EC

Azatrol EC

Lepidoptera moths; do not exceed 20 grams a.i., 57 oz., of Azatrol per acre.

Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai

Xentari DF

Azalea caterpillar, bagworm, diamondback moth, ello moth (hornworm), Fall webworm, io moth, Jack pine budworm, oleander moth, saddleback caterpillar, tent caterpillars

Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki

Deliver

Bagworm, cutworm, diamondback moth, Fall webworm, gypsy moth, Jack pine budworm, mimosa webworm, orangedog, redhumped caterpillar, saltmarsh caterpillar, sod webworm, tent caterpillar, tobacco hornworm, tomato pinworm

Dipel DF

Azalea caterpillar, bagworm, diamondback moth, ello moth (hornworm), Fall webworm, io moth, oleander moth, saltmarsh caterpillar, tent caterpillars

Javelin WG

Bagworm, bollworm, cutworm, diamondback moth, Fall webworm, filbert webworm, hornworms, orangedog, saltmarsh caterpillar, tent caterpillar, tobacco hornworm, tomato pinworm

Troy-BT 2WP

Azalea caterpillar, diamondback moth, ello moth (hornworm), io moth, oleander moth

Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki strain ABTS-351

Biobit HP

Azalea caterpillar, diamondback moth, ello moth (hornworm), io moth, oleander moth, sod webworm

Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki strain EG2348

Condor Bioinsecticide

Azalea moth, bagworm, diamondback moth, ello moth (hornworm), Fall webworm, io moth, oleander moth, saddleback caterpillar, tent caterpillar, tortrix; precautions: Do not use in combination with any chlorothalonil based fungicide (Bravo, Terranil etc.). Mixing with other oil based products or surfactants could increase the risk of phytotoxicity.

Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki strain EG7826

Lepinox WDG

Azalea moth, diamondback moth; ello moth (hormworm), Florida fern caterpillar, io moth, oleander moth, bagworm, browntail moth, Fall webworm, gypsy moth, Jack pine budworm, mimosa webworm, redhumped caterpillar, saddleback caterpillar, saddle prominent caterpillar, tent caterpillar

Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki strain EG7841

Crymax Bioinsecticide

Azalea moth, bagworm, diamondback moth, ello moth (hornworm), fall webworm, Florida fern caterpillar, io moth, oleander moth, saddleback caterpillar , tent caterpillar, tortrix

Beauveria bassiana ATCC 74040

Naturalis L

Do not tank mix with fungicides. Wait a minimum of 48 hours after application before applying fungicides.

Bifenthrin

BifenthrinPro Multi-Insecticide

Nursery & shade house; do not apply if rain is expected whithin 12 hours (or whatever time is necessary for the spray to dry). Maximum rates: Do not apply more than 0.2 lb. a.i. per acre (40 fl. oz.) in a single application or per year for outdoor applications.

Talstar N

Talstar Nursery Flowable

Nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.2 lbs. a.i. per acre per year for outdoor applications.

Carbaryl

AllPro 10% Carbaryl Dust

Bagworm, tent caterpillars, sod webworm

AllPro Carbaryl 4L

Bagworms, cutworms, Jackpine budworms, oleander caterpillar, poinsettia hornworm, puss caterpillar, saddled prominent, sod webworm (lawn moths), tent caterpillars, webworms, trotrix

AllPro Carbaryl 50 WP

Bagworm, puss caterpillar, tent caterpillars, orange trotrix; to avoid possible injury to tender foliage, do not apply to wet foliage or when rain or high humidity is expected during the next two days.

Carbaryl 4L

Carbaryl 80S

Bagworms, catalpa sphinx, cutworms, oleander caterpillar, poinsettia hornworm, puss caterpillar, tent caterpillars, webworms

Cutworm & Cricket Bait

Cutworm

Sevin 80 WSP

Sevin SL

Bagworms, catalpa sphinx, cutworms, oleander caterpillar, poinsettia hornworm, puss caterpillar, tent caterpillars, webworms; application to wet foliage or during periods of high humidity may cause injury to tender foliage.

Chlorpyrifos

Chlorpyrifos Pro 2

Bagworms, catalpa sphinx, cutworms, Fall webworms, hornworms, oleander caterpillars, puss caterpillars, tent caterpillars; nursery stock in nurseries

Chlorpyrifos Pro 4

Bagworms, catalpa sphinx, cutworms, Fall webworms, hornworms, oleander caterpillars, puss caterpillars, tent caterpillars; nursery ; some varieties of azaleas, camellias, poinsettias, rose bushes, or variegated ivy show varying degrees of phytotoxicity.

Duragard ME

Cabbage worms, hornworms; nursery; bedding plants, potted and cut flowers. Direct spray to some open blooms may cause petal drop. Do not spray on kalanchoes.

Dursban 50W

Bagworms, catalpa sphinx, cutworms, Fall webworms, hornworms, oleander caterpillars, puss caterpillars, tent caterpillars; nursery

Cyfluthrin

Decathlon 20WP

Cyfluthrin & Imidacloprid

Discus

Nursery; application can not exceed a total of 244 oz. per acre per year for outdoor ornamentals grown in beds. On plants with a production cycle of less than one year, application frequency can not exceed more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. On stock plants and woody crops with a production cycle of greater than one year, application may not exceed once a year.

Deltamethrin

Deltaguard GC 5SC Nursery

Diazinon

Diazinon 50W

Diazinon AG 500

Bagworms, cutworms, Fall webworms, tent caterpillars; precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Heterorhabditis indica

GrubStake 100

Webworm, tree borers including banana moth; store at 65° F; use within 5 days of receipt. Native to Florida. Do not inject into drip irrigation systems. Do not apply within 21 days of a nematicide application.

Lambda-cyhalothrin

Scimitar GC

Leaf-Feeding caterpillars & cutworms; nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.36 lbs. a.i. (52.4 fl. oz. of concentrate) per acre per year.

Malathion

Atrapa 5E

Gowan Malathion 8 F

Malathion 5

Malathion 57% Premium Grade

Malathion 5 EC

Bagworm, tent caterpillar

Permethrin

Ambush 25W

Cutworms; field grown nursery stock; do not apply more than 2.0 lbs. a.i. per acre per season. Marginal leaf burn may occur on: Salvia, dieffenbachia. Application to blooming plants may cause browning of petals.

Ambush

Cutworm; field grown nursery stock

Clean Crop Permethrin 3.2 EC

Bagworm; field grown nursery stock; marginal leaf burn may occur on: Salvia, dieffenbachia. Application to blooming plants may cause browning of petals. Avoid spraying chrysanthemum blooms.

Perm-Up 3.2 EC

Field grown nursery stock; marginal leaf burn may occur on: Salvia, dieffenbachia.

Permethrin Pro

Nursery stock; do not apply more than 2.0 lb. a.i. per acre per year.

Pounce 25 WP

Pounce 3.2 EC

Pounce WSB

Bagworm; field grown nursery stock

Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids

AllPro Insecticidal Soap 40%

Cutworms, sod webworm, tent caterpillar; to achieve enhanced and residual control, use a 1-2% v/v solution of product in combination with recommended products. Tank mixes with products containing chlorothalonil should be avoided as they can cause severe phytotoxicity. If wilting occurs a few hours after application rinse with a clean water spray. Since applications may cause injury to flowers of some plant cultivars, test product on a few flowering plants.

Insecticidal Soap 49.52 CF

Tent caterpillar; caution: Do not use on new transplants, newly rooted cuttings, plants stressed by drought, or when tender new foliage is present. Avoid application when leaf temperature exceeds 85°F. Note: Do not use on crown of thorns and test on other euphorbias for phytotoxicity. Do not use on bleeding heart, lantana, lilies or sweetpeas. Some varieties of azaleas, begonias, camellias, fuschias, gardenias, orchids, and impatiens have shown sensitivity. Do not apply to poinsettias after bract coloration begins. Test on chrysanthemums for varietal sensitivity and do not apply to open blooms. Do not apply to ornamentals stressed by drought. Test on eugenia and euonymus for varietal and drought sensitivity.

M-Pede

Cutworms, sod webworm, tent caterpillar; tank mixes with chlorothalonil should be avoided. Potential for injury increases on plants stressed by heat, humidity, drought, or insect, mite or disease pressure. Do not apply to very sensitive plants such as: Cherimoya, bleeding heart, or sweetpeas. The following may be sensitive: Crown of thorns and other euphorbia, fuchsia, gardenia, impatiens, Asiatic and oriental lily varieties, lantana, ornamental ivy, poinsettia, redbud, schefflera, zebra plant and some succulents. Flowers of the following may be injured when sprayed: African violet, ageratum, azalea, begonia, camellia, chrysanthemum, dahlia, geranium, gloxinia, impatiens, lily, marigold, orchid, pansy, petunia, poinsettia bracts, rose, salvia, snapdragon, vinca, and zinnia.

Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide

EverGreen EC 60-6

Pyrenone Crop Spray

Pyreth-It

Pyrethrins, Piperonyl Butoxide & Silicon Dioxide

Diatect Multipurpose Insecticide II

Pyrethrins, Rotenone & other Cube Resins

Pyrellin E.C.

Apply in intervals of 7 days or less.

Refined Petroleum Distillate

Saf-T-Side Spray Oil

This insecticide's mode of action is through suffocation of eggs, larvae and nymphs of insects and adults of soft bodied insects. This mode of action necessitates total spray coverage. Webworms; bedding plants; do not use in combination with or immediately before or after spraying with fungicides such as captan, oxythioquinox or any product containing sulfur. Also do not use with carbaryl (Sevin) or dimethoate. Do not use with any product whose label recommends the use of no oils. Do not use in combination with NPK foliar fertilizer applications.

Ultra-Fine Oil

Webworms; caution: Spray no more than 4 consecutive sprays. The frequency of consecutive sprays should not exceed once every 2 weeks. Early morning applications are recommended. Do not tank mix with insecticide or miticide whose label indicates that it should not be used with oil. Do not use with captan, chlorothalonil, dimethoate, methiocarb, oxythioquinox, propargite, or any product containing sulfur. This list is not exhaustive; therefore for products not included in this list consult label for compatibility information.

Spinosad

Conserve SC

When used in areas of commercial production of herbaceous (non-woody) ornamentals in nurseries (including plant propagation beds): Do not apply more than 10 times in a 12-month period per crop regardless of the pest being treated. Because generations of a specific pest may overlap, rotate control products and never apply more than three consecutive applications of Conserve SC or products containing the same a.i. or products with the same mode of action. Except for structures that can be altered to be closed or open, do not reapply within less than 7 days.

Tau-Fluvalinate

Mavrik Aquaflow

Repeat applications not more than four times per month at 5-7 day intervals unless otherwise noted in use directions.

Products labeled for use on specifically named flower crops (see product label for which crops are permitted):

Acephate

Acephate Pro 75

Acephate 97UP

Address T/O

Orthene Turf Tree & Ornamental Spray

Orthene Turf Tree & Ornamental Spray 97

Cutworm, gypsy moth larvae, tent caterpillar, webworms

Azadirachtin

Aza-Direct

Do not exceed 57 oz. of Aza-Direct per acre per application.

Diazinon

Diazinon 5WB

Diazinon Insecticide

Bagworms, cotoneaster webworms, cutworms, fall webworms, holly bud moths, mimosa webworms, sod webworms (lawn moths), tent caterpillars, juniper webworms, precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Diazinon AG500 (EPA Reg.# 5905-248)

Nurseries only. Bagworms, cotoneaster webworms, cutworms, fall webworms, holly bud moths, mimosa webworms, sod webworms (lawn moths), tent caterpillars, juniper webworms, precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Diflubenzuron

Dimilin 25W Insect Growth Regulator EPA Reg. # 400-465

Bagworms (early instars in mid to late June), browntail moth (overwintering 2nd instars), gypsy moths (early instar and prior to full leaf expansion, 5-20%), pandora moth (after egg hatch in fall or to early instars in spring), pine shoot moth (early instars), pine tip moths (early 2nd generation instars or when 75% of first generation pupal cases are empty), sawflies (early instars), spanworms (early instars), tent caterpillars (early instars prior to full leaf expansion), tussock moths (early instars), webworms (early instars); not for trees or shrubs grown in shade houses.

Naled

Dibrom 8 Emulsive

Fall webworms, gypsy moths, redhumped caterpillars tent caterpillars juniper webworms; spotting, bronzing or localized burning can occur under certain climatic conditions such as slow drying and high humidity or stress caused by drought or high temperature. Do not spray on ornamental cherries, liquid amber, chrysanthemums or ornamental kale as injury may occur.

1 Usually only one example of each formulation is given. There may be other products available that are as effective as those listed.

2 Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (suppression, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit number or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc.

Table 4. 

Chrysomelid Beetle (Cucumber, Flea, and Leaf Beetles) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) control measures available to commercial flower producers in Florida.

Common/Chemical

Name

Trade Name/

Formulation1

Notes from Label2

Products labeled for use on any flower crop:

Acetamiprid

TriStar 70 WSP

Adults; do not make more than five applications per year. Do not reapply more than once every 7 days. Do not apply more than 22 water soluble packs per acre (0.55 lb. a.i./acre) per year. Resistance to other chloronicotinyls/neonicotinyls, such as Merit and Marathon, may result in resistance to TriStar. Therefore, to minimize resistance, rotate with other classes of insecticides.

Azadirachtin

Azatin XL

Ornazin 3% EC

Beauveria bassiana ATCC 74040

Naturalis L

Cucumber & flea beetles; do not tank mix with fungicides. Wait a minimum of 48 hours after application before applying fungicides.

Bifenthrin

BifenthrinPro Multi-Insecticide

Nursery & shade house; do not apply if rain is expected whithin 12 hours (or whatever time is necessary for the spray to dry). Maximum rates: Do not apply more than 0.2 lb. a.i. per acre (40 fl. oz.) in a single application or per year for outdoor applications.

Talstar N

Talstar Nursery Flowable

Flea beetles; nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.2 lbs. a.i. per acre per year for outdoor applications.

Carbaryl

AllPro Carbaryl 4L

Carbaryl 4L

Carbaryl 80S

Flea beetle

AllPro Carbaryl 50 WP

Sevin 80 WSP

Sevin SL

Flea beetle; application to wet foliage or during periods of high humidity may cause injury to tender foliage.

Sevin Brand SL

Flea beetle; do not make more than six foliar and two direct applications per year. To avoid possible injury to tender foliage, do not apply to wet foliage or when rain or high humidity is expected during the next two days.

Chlorpyrifos

Chlorpyrifos Pro 2

Nursery stock in nurseries

Chlorpyrifos Pro 4

Nursery; some varieties of azaleas, camellias, poinsettias, rose bushes, or variegated ivy show varying degrees of phytotoxicity.

Duragard ME

Nursery; bedding plants, potted and cut flowers. Direct spray to some open blooms may cause petal drop. Do not spray on kalanchoes.

Dursban 50W

Nursery

Cryolite

Kryocide

Flea beetles

Prokil Cryolite 96

Fuller rose beetle; should not be used in combination with lime or compounds containing free lime. Applications in spray solutions above pH 7.5, below pH 4, or in combination with calcium foliar nutrients should not be made due to possible crop injury on some crops.

Cyfluthrin

Decathlon 20WP

Flea beetles

Cyfluthrin & Imidacloprid

Discus

Nursery; application can not exceed a total of 244 oz. per acre per year for outdoor ornamentals grown in beds. On plants with a production cycle of less than one year, application frequency can not exceed more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. On stock plants and woody crops with a production cycle of greater than one year, application may not exceed once a year.

Deltamethrin

Deltaguard GC 5SC

Flea beetles; nursery

Diazinon

Diazinon 50W

Diazinon AG 500

Flea beetles; precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Imidacloprid

Marathon II

Leaf beetles; for outdoor ornamentals do not apply more than 1.6 pt. (0.4 lbs. a.i.) per acre per year. Do not apply thru any type of irrigation system.

Lambda-cyhalothrin

Scimitar GC

Flea beetles; nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.36 lbs. a.i. (52.4 fl. oz. of concentrate) per acre per year.

Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide

EverGreen EC 60-6

Pyreth-It

Flea & cucumber beetles

Pyrenone Crop Spray

Pyrethrins, Piperonyl Butoxide & Silicon Dioxide

Diatect Multipurpose Insecticide II

Flea beetles

Refined Petroleum Distillate

Ultra-Fine Oil

Leaf beetle larvae; caution: Spray no more than 4 consecutive sprays. The frequency of consecutive sprays should not exceed once every 2 weeks. Early morning applications are recommended. Do not tank mix with insecticide or miticide whose label indicates that it should not be used with oil. Do not use with captan, chlorothalonil, dimethoate, methiocarb, oxythioquinox, propargite, or any product containing sulfur. This list is not exhaustive; therefore for products not included in this list consult label for compatibility information.

Spinosad

Conserve SC

When used in areas of commercial production of herbaceous (non-woody) ornamentals in nurseries (including plant propagation beds): Do not apply more than 10 times in a 12-month period per crop regardless of the pest being treated. Because generations of a specific pest may overlap, rotate control products and never apply more than three consecutive applications of Conserve SC or products containing the same a.i. or products with the same mode of action. Except for structures that can be altered to be closed or open, do not reapply within less than 7 days.

Tau-Fluvalinate

Mavrik Aquaflow

Flea & cucumber beetles; repeat applications not more than four times per month at 5-7 day intervals unless otherwise noted in use directions.

Products labeled for use on specifically named flower crops (see product label for which crops are permitted):

Azadirachtin

Aza-Direct

Do not exceed 57 oz. of Aza-Direct per acre per application.

Diazinon

Diazinon 5WB

Diazinon Insecticide

Flea beetles; precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Diazinon AG500 (EPA Reg.# 5905-248)

Nurseries only. Flea beetles; precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Imidacloprid

Provado 1.6 Flowable

Flea beetles; edible-leaved and garland chrysanthemum; do not apply more than 18.75 fl.oz. per year as foliar sprays, and regardless of formulation or type of application. Do not apply more than 0.5 lbs. a.i. of Admire or Provado per acre per season. For resistance management foliar applications following soil application of Admire in the same crop is not recommended.

1 Usually only one example of each formulation is given. There may be other products available that are as effective as those listed.

2 Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (suppression, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit number or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc.

Table 5. 

Fleahopper (Hemiptera: Miridae) control measures available to commercial flower producers in Florida.

Common/Chemical

Name

Trade Name/

Formulation1

Notes from Label2

Products labeled for use on any flower crop:

Pyrethrins, Piperonyl Butoxide & Silicon Dioxide

Diatect Multipurpose Insecticide II

Pyrethrins, Rotenone & other Cube Resins

Pyrellin E.C.

Apply in intervals of 7 days or less.

1 Usually only one example of each formulation is given. There may be other products available that are as effective as those listed.

2 Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (suppression, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit number or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc.

Table 6. 

Fungus Gnat (Diptera: Sciaridae) control measures available to commercial flower producers in Florida.

Common/Chemical

Name

Trade Name/

Formulation1

Notes from Label2

Products labeled for use on any flower crop:

Acetamiprid

TriStar 70 WSP

Larvae; do not make more than five applications per year. Do not reapply more than once every 7 days. Do not apply more than 22 water soluble packs per acre (0.55 lb. a.i./acre) per year. Resistance to other chloronicotinyls/neonicotinyls, such as Merit and Marathon, may result in resistance to TriStar. Therefore, to minimize resistance, rotate with other classes of insecticides.

Azadirachtin

Azatin XL

Ornazin 3% EC

Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis

Gnatrol In potting soil mixtures only; soil drench for control of larvae.

Beauveria bassiana ATCC 74040

Naturalis L

Cucumber & flea beetles; do not tank mix with fungicides. Wait a minimum of 48 hours after application before applying fungicides.

Bifenthrin

BifenthrinPro Multi-Insecticide

Adults; nursery & shade house; do not apply if rain is expected whithin 12 hours (or whatever time is necessary for the spray to dry). Maximum rates: Do not apply more than 0.2 lb. a.i. per acre (40 fl. oz.) in a single application or per year for outdoor applications.

Talstar Nursery Granular Larvae; containerized and balled nursery stock

Talstar N

Talstar Nursery Flowable

Nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.2 lbs. a.i. per acre per year for outdoor applications.

Chlorpyrifos

Duragard ME

Nursery; bedding plants, potted and cut flowers. Direct spray to some open blooms may cause petal drop. Do not spray on kalanchoes.

Cyfluthrin

Decathlon 20WP

Cyfluthrin & Imidacloprid

Discus

Nursery; application can not exceed a total of 244 oz. per acre per year for outdoor ornamentals grown in beds. On plants with a production cycle of less than one year, application frequency can not exceed more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. On stock plants and woody crops with a production cycle of greater than one year, application may not exceed once a year.

Cyromazine

Citation

Container grown or shade house grown ornamentals; will not control adult stages. Do not make more than six applications to one crop.

Deltamethrin

Deltaguard GC 5 SC

Nursery

Diflubenzuron

Adept

Shade house; do not make more than four applications per crop. Do not apply to poinsettias, hibiscus, and Rieger begonia. Do not reuse potting media, which has been treated with Adept. Do not apply to plants grown on capillary water mats.

Fenoxycarb Precision

Bradysia spp.; Container grown or shade house grown; will not control the adult stages of insect pests. Do not exceed a maximum of 30 applications per year for greenhouse use. Applications should not be made to poinsettia after bract formation.

Permethrin Perm-Up 3.2EC

Field grown nursery stock; marginal leaf burn may occur on: Salvia, dieffenbachia.

Permethrin Pro

Nursery stock; do not apply more than 2.0 lb. a.i. per acre per year.

Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide

EverGreen EC 60-6

Pyrenone Crop Spray

Pyriproxyfen

Distance IGR

For foliar spray application, apply Distance no more than two times per cropping cycle or no more than two times per 6 months. For sprench application, if a second application is needed, allow a minimum of 21 days between applications. For drench application: Do not drench plants more than one time per crop cycle. Phytotoxicity has been observed on salvia (Salvia spp.), ghost plant (Graptopetalum paraguayense), schefflera (Schefflera spp.), gardenia (Gardenia spp.), and coral bells (Heuchera sanguinea). It is therefore recommended that Distance not be used on these plants. Do not apply to poinsettia after bract formation.

Steinernema carpocapsae

Millenium

For fungus gnats and shore flies: Three applications must be applied at 7 day intervals.

Steinernema feltiae

Nemasys

Nursery; if fungus gnats are established it may take 2-3 weeks before the number of adults is noticeably reduced. Do not use through drip irrigation or mist system.

Thiamethoxam

Flagship 25WG

Shade house, container & nursery grown; do not exceed 8 oz. per acre per crop or year, which ever is shorter.

Products labeled for use on specifically named flower crops (see product label for which crops are permitted):

Azadirachtin

Aza-Direct

Do not exceed 57 oz. of Aza-Direct per acre per application.

1 Usually only one example of each formulation is given. There may be other products available that are as effective as those listed.

2 Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (suppression, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit number or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc.

Table 7. 

Heliothis (Tobacco Budworm, etc.), Helicoverpa (Corn Earworm, etc.) control measures available to commercial flower producers in Florida. See also caterpillars (Lepidoptera).

Common/Chemical

Name

Trade Name/

Formulation1

Notes from Label2

Products labeled for use on any flower crop:

Azadirachtin

Azatin XL

Corn earworm, tobacco budworm

Ornazin 3% EC

Bollworm, corn earworm

Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai

Xentari DF

Heliothis, tobacco budworm

Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki

Deliver

Dipel DF

Troy-BT 2WP

Heliothis, tobacco budworm

Javelin WG

Bollworm, Heliothis, Helicoverpa, tobacco budworm

Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki strain ABTS-351

Biobit HP

Heliothis, tobacco budworm

Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki strain EG2348

Condor Bioinsecticide

Tobacco budworm; precautions: Do not use in combination with any chlorothalonil based fungicide (Bravo, Terranil etc.). Mixing with other oil based products or surfactants could increase the risk of phytotoxicity.

Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki strain EG7826

Lepinox WDG

Tobacco budworm

Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki strain EG7841

Crymax Bioinsecticide

Tobacco budworm

Permethrin

Ambush

Ambush 25W

Clean Crop Permethrin 3.2 EC

Pounce 3.2 EC

Heliothis; field grown nursery stock; do not apply more than 2.0 lbs. a.i. per acre per season. Marginal leaf burn may occur on: Salvia, dieffenbachia. Application to blooming plants may cause browning of petals.

Perm-Up 3.2 EC

Permethrin Pro

Heliothis; nursery stock; do not apply more than 2.0 lb. a.i. per acre per year.

Pounce 25 WP

Pounce WSB

Heliothis; field grown nursery stock

Polyhedral Occlusion Bodies

(POBs) of the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of Helicoverpa zea

Gemstar LC

Corn earworm (Helicoverpa zea); tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens); use non-chlorinated water at a ph near 7.0 in the spray tank mix.

Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide

EverGreen EC 60-6

Pyreth-It

Heliothis sp., corn earworm

Pyrenone Crop Spray

Bollworm, Heliothis, corn earworm

1 Usually only one example of each formulation is given. There may be other products available that are as effective as those listed.

2 Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (suppression, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit number or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc.

Table 8. 

Leafhopper (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) control measures available to commercial flower producers in Florida.

Common/Chemical

Name

Trade Name/

Formulation1

Notes from Label2

Products labeled for use on any flower crop:

Acetamiprid

TriStar 70 WSP

Do not make more than five applications per year. Do not reapply more than once every 7 days. Do not apply more than 22 water soluble packs per acre (0.55 lb. a.i./acre) per year.

Azadirachtin

Azatin XL

Ornazin 3% EC

Azatrol EC

Do not exceed 20 grams a.i., 57 oz., of Azatrol per acre.

Azinphos-methyl

Guthion Solupak

Nursery stock

Beauveria bassiana strain GHA

Mycotrol O

Edible flowers only.

Bifenthrin

BifenthrinPro Multi-Insecticide

Nursery & shade house; do not apply if rain is expected whithin 12 hours (or whatever time is necessary for the spray to dry). Maximum rates: Do not apply more than 0.2 lb. a.i. per acre (40 fl. oz.) in a single application or per year for outdoor applications.

Talstar N

Talstar Nursery Flowable

Nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.2 lbs. a.i. per acre per year for outdoor applications.

Buprofezin

Talus Insect Growth Regulator

Eastern grape leafhopper; Glassy-winged sharpshooter; Variegated leafhopper; Western grape leafhopper; Cherry leafhopper; Potato leafhopper; Brown planthopper; Make no more than two applications per crop per season. To preserve usefulness of Talus, do not make more than two consecutive applications. Prior to subsequent applications, use an alternative chemistry with a different mode of action. Talus belongs to a class of chemicals not previously used as pesticides and not known to be cross-resistant to other classes of insecticides. In addition to inhibiting chitin biosynthesis on the listed insects, Talus supresses oviposition of adults and reduces viability of eggs.

Carbaryl

AllPro 10% Carbaryl Dust

AllPro Carbaryl 4L

AllPro Carbaryl 50 WP

To avoid possible injury to tender foliage, do not apply to wet foliage or when rain or high humidity is expected during the next two days.

Carbaryl 4L

Carbaryl 80S

Sevin Brand SL

Do not make more than six foliar and two direct applications per year. Do not allow public use of treated areas during application or until sprays have dried. To avoid possible injury to tender foliage, do not apply to wet foliage or when rain or high humidity is expected during the next two days.

Sevin 80 WSP

Sevin SL

Application to wet foliage or during periods of high humidity may cause injury to tender foliage.

Chlorpyrifos

Chlorpyrifos Pro 2

Nursery stock in nurseries.

Chlorpyrifos Pro 4

Nursery; some varieties of azaleas, camellias, poinsettias, rose bushes, or variegated ivy show varying degrees of phytotoxicity.

Duragard ME

Nursery; bedding plants, potted and cut flowers. Direct spray to some open blooms may cause petal drop. Do not spray on kalanchoes.

Dursban 50W

Nursery

Clarified Hydrophobic Extract of Neem Oil Triact 70

Test before applying to carnation and the flowers of: Impatiens, fuchsia, hibiscus, and some roses. Most effective when applied early to mid-morning or late afternoon.

Cyfluthrin

Decathlon 20WP

Cyfluthrin & Imidacloprid

Discus

Nursery; application can not exceed a total of 244 oz. per acre per year for outdoor ornamentals grown in beds. On plants with a production cycle of less than one year, application frequency can not exceed more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. On stock plants and woody crops with a production cycle of greater than one year, application may not exceed once a year.

Deltamethrin

Deltaguard GC 5SC Nursery

Diazinon

Diazinon 50W

Diazinon AG 500 (EPA Reg.# 51036-71)

Precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Fenpropathrin Tame 2.4EC

Nursery & shade house; do not use less than a 7 day re-treatment interval.

Imidacloprid

Marathon II

For outdoor ornamentals do not apply more than 1.6 pt. (0.4 lbs. a.i.) per acre per year. Do not apply thru any type of irrigation system.

Lambda-cyhalothrin

Scimitar GC

Nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.36 lbs. a.i. (52.4 fl. oz. of concentrate) per acre per year.

Malathion

Atrapa 5E

Gowan Malathion 8F

Malathion 5 EC

Malathion 57% Premium Grade

Permethrin

Ambush 25W

Field grown nursery stock; do not apply more than 2.0 lbs. a.i. per acre per season. Marginal leaf burn may occur on: Salvia, dieffenbachia. Application to blooming plants may cause browning of petals.

Ambush

Pounce 25 WP

Pounce 3.2 EC

Pounce WSB

Field grown nursery stock

Clean Crop Permethrin 3.2 EC

Field grown nursery stock; marginal leaf burn may occur on: Salvia, dieffenbachia. Application to blooming plants may cause browning of petals. Avoid spraying chrysanthemum blooms.

Perm-Up 3.2 EC

Nursery; marginal leaf burn may occur on salvia, dieffenbachia and pteris fern. Application to blooming plants may cause browning of petals.

Permethrin Pro

Nursery stock; do not apply more than 2.0 lb. a.i. per acre per year.

Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids

AllPro Insecticidal Soap 40%

To achieve enhanced and residual control, use a 1-2% v/v solution of product in combination with recommended products. Tank mixes with products containing chlorothalonil should be avoided as they can cause severe phytotoxicity. If wilting occurs a few hours after application rinse with a clean water spray. Since applications may cause injury to flowers of some plant cultivars, test product on a few flowering plants.

Insecticidal Soap 49.52 CF

Caution: Do not use on new transplants, newly rooted cuttings, plants stressed by drought, or when tender new foliage is present. Avoid application when leaf temperature exceeds 85°F. Note: Do not use on crown of thorns and test on other euphorbias for phytotoxicity. Do not use on bleeding heart, lantana, lilies or sweetpeas. Some varieties of azaleas, begonias, camellias, fuschias, gardenias, orchids, and impatiens have shown sensitivity. Do not apply to poinsettias after bract coloration begins. Test on chrysanthemums for varietal sensitivity and do not apply to open blooms. Do not apply to ornamentals stressed by drought. Test on eugenia and euonymus for varietal and drought sensitivity.

M-Pede

For control of aphids must combine with other pesticides. Tank mixes with chlorothalonil should be avoided. Potential for injury increases on plants stressed by heat, humidity, drought, or insect, mite or disease pressure. Do not apply to very sensitive plants such as: Cherimoya, bleeding heart, or sweetpeas. The following may be sensitive: Crown of thorns and other euphorbia, fuchsia, gardenia, impatiens, Asiatic and oriental lily varieties, lantana, ornamental ivy, poinsettia, redbud, schefflera, zebra plant and some succulents. Flowers of the following may be injured when sprayed: African violet, ageratum, azalea, begonia, camellia, chrysanthemum, dahlia, geranium, gloxinia, impatiens, lily, marigold, orchid, pansy, petunia, poinsettia bracts, rose, salvia, snapdragon, vinca, and zinnia.

Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide

Pyrenone Crop Spray

EverGreen EC 60-6

Pyreth-It

Pyrethrins, Piperonyl Butoxide & Silicon Dioxide

Diatect Multipurpose Insecticide II

Pyrethrins, Rotenone & other Cube Resins

Pyrellin E.C.

Apply in intervals of 7 days or less.

Refined Petroleum Distillate

Saf-T-Side Spray Oil

This insecticide's mode of action is through suffocation of eggs, larvae and nymphs of insects and adults of soft bodied insects. This mode of action necessitates total spray coverage. Bedding plants; do not use in combination with or immediately before or after spraying with fungicides such as captan, oxythioquinox or any product containing sulfur. Also do not use with carbaryl (Sevin) or dimethoate. Do not use with any product whose label recommends the use of no oils. Do not use in combination with NPK foliar fertilizer applications.

Tau-Fluvalinate Mavrik Aquaflow

Repeat applications not more than four times per month at 5-7 day intervals unless otherwise noted in use directions.

Thiamethoxam

Flagship 25WG

Shade house, container & nursery grown; do not exceed 8 oz. per acre per crop or year, which ever is shorter.

Products labeled for use on specifically named flower crops (see product label for which crops are permitted):

Acephate

Acephate Pro 75

Acephate 97UP

Address T/O

Orthene Turf Tree & Ornamental Spray

Orthene Turf Tree & Ornamental Spray 97

Azadirachtin

Aza-Direct

Do not exceed 57 oz. of Aza-Direct per acre per application.

Diazinon

Diazinon 5WB

Diazinon Insecticide

Precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Diazinon AG500 (EPA Reg.# 5905-248)

Nurseries only. Flea beetles; precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Dimethoate

AllPro Cygon 2E

Dimethoate 267

Nurseries; do not use on ornamental plants not listed or on any ornamental stock plants grown as a source of propagation material such as cuttings, layers, root stocks or scions for grafting or budding. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Dimethoate 4 EC

Do not use on ornamental plants not listed on this label unless personal experience has shown to be safe. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Dimethoate 400

5 Lb. Dimethoate

Do not use on ornamental plants not listed on this label unless personal experience has shown to be safe. Do not use on any ornamental stock plants grown as a source of propagation material, such as cuttings, layers, root stocks, or scions for grafting or budding. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

1 Usually only one example of each formulation is given. There may be other products available that are as effective as those listed.

2 Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (suppression, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit number or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc.

Table 9. 

Leafminer, dipterous (Diptera: Agromyzidae) control measures available to commercial flower producers in Florida.

Common/Chemical

Name

Trade Name/

Formulation1

Notes from Label2

Products labeled for use on any flower crop:

Abamectin

Avid 0.15EC

Liroimyza leafminers; phytotoxicity has been observed on Shasta Daisy.

Acetamiprid

TriStar 70 WSP

Do not make more than five applications per year. Do not reapply more than once every 7 days. Do not apply more than 22 water soluble packs per acre (0.55 lb. a.i./acre) per year. Resistance to other chloronicotinyls/neonicotinyls, such as Merit and Marathon, may result in resistance to TriStar. Therefore, to minimize resistance, rotate with other classes of insecticides.

Azadirachtin

Azatin XL

Ornazin 3% EC

Bifenthrin3

BifenthrinPro Multi-Insecticide

Nursery & shade house; do not apply if rain is expected whithin 12 hours (or whatever time is necessary for the spray to dry). Maximum rates: Do not apply more than 0.2 lb. a.i. per acre (40 fl. oz.) in a single application or per year for outdoor applications.

Talstar N

Talstar Nursery Flowable

Nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.2 lbs. a.i. per acre per year for outdoor applications.

Chlorpyrifos3

Chlorpyrifos Pro 2

Nursery stock in nurseries.

Chlorpyrifos Pro 4

Nursery; some varieties of azaleas, camellias, poinsettias, rose bushes, or variegated ivy show varying degrees of phytotoxicity.

Duragard ME

Nursery; bedding plants, potted and cut flowers. Direct spray to some open blooms may cause petal drop. Do not spray on kalanchoes.

Dursban 50W

Nursery

Cyfluthrin & Imidacloprid

Discus

Application can not exceed a total of 244 oz. per acre per year for outdoor ornamentals grown in beds. On plants with a production cycle of less than one year, application frequency can not exceed more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. On stock plants and woody crops with a production cycle of greater than one year, application may not exceed once a year.

Cyromazine

Citation

Container grown or shade house grown ornamentals; will not control adult stages. Leafminers can develop resistance, therefore, do not use as the only control for leafminers, make no more than three applications at 7-day intervals, then switch to Avid as an alternative control for the same period, then Citation may be applied again at 7-day intervals if necessary. Do not make more than six applications to one crop.

Deltamethrin3

Deltaguard GC 5SC Nursery

Diazinon3

Diazinon 50W

Diazinon AG 500

Precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Dinotefuran

Safari 20 SG

Serpentine leafminers; nursery; broadcast (foliar) applications can not exceed a total of 2.7 lbs. of product (0.54 lb. a.i.) per acre per year.

Fenpropathrin3

Tame 2.4EC

Nursery & shade house; do not use less than a 7 day re-treatment interval.

Imidacloprid

Marathon 1% Granular

Nursery; for outdoor ornamentals grown in beds, applications can not exceed a total of 40 lbs. per acre per year. On plants with a production cycle of less than 1 year, application is not to exceed a frequency of more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. On stock plants and woody crops with a production cycle of greater than 1 year, application may not exceed once a year.

Marathon 60 WP

Nursery; this product is to be applied as a soil treatment only. For outdoor ornamentals grown in beds applications can not exceed a total of 10.7 oz. (0.4 lbs. Active ingredient) per acre per year. On plants with a production cycle of less than 1 year, application is not to exceed a frequency of more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. On stock plants and woody crops with a production cycle of greater than 1 year, application may not exceed once a year.

Marathon II

For outdoor ornamentals do not apply more than 1.6 pt. (0.4 lbs. a.i.) per acre per year. Do not apply thru any type of irrigation system.

Lambda-cyhalothrin3

Scimitar GC

Nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.36 lbs. a.i. (52.4 fl. oz. of concentrate) per acre per year.

Novaluron

Pedestal

Container grown plants; nursery & shade house; do not apply more than once every 30 days. Do not make more than two applications per crop year. Do not apply more than 52 fl. oz. per acre per year per crop. Do not apply to poinsettias. Resistance management: Do not apply in successive applications, use only one application before rotation with other classes of insecticides with different modes of action. Use at least two alternative products between applications of Pedestal. Do not use more than once within each generation cycle.

Oxydemeton-methyl3

Metasystox-R

Field grown nursery stock; do not make more than 2 applications per season.

Permethrin3

Ambush 25W

Field grown nursery stock; do not apply more than 2.0 lbs. a.i. per acre per season. Marginal leaf burn may occur on: Salvia, dieffenbachia. Application to blooming plants may cause browning of petals.

Ambush

Pounce 25 WP

Pounce 3.2 EC

Pounce WSB

Field grown nursery stock

Clean Crop Permethrin 3.2 EC

Field grown nursery stock; marginal leaf burn may occur on: Salvia, dieffenbachia. Application to blooming plants may cause browning of petals. Avoid spraying chrysanthemum blooms.

Perm-Up 3.2EC

Field grown nursery stock; marginal leaf burn may occur on: Salvia, dieffenbachia.

Permethrin Pro

Nursery stock; do not apply more than 2.0 lb. a.i. per acre per year.

Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids

AllPro Insecticidal Soap 40%

To achieve enhanced and residual control, use a 1-2% v/v solution of product in combination with recommended products. Tank mixes with products containing chlorothalonil should be avoided as they can cause severe phytotoxicity. If wilting occurs a few hours after application rinse with a clean water spray. Since applications may cause injury to flowers of some plant cultivars, test product on a few flowering plants.

M-Pede

For control of leafminers must combine with other pesticides. Tank mixes with chlorothalonil should be avoided. Potential for injury increases on plants stressed by heat, humidity, drought, or insect, mite or disease pressure. Do not apply to very sensitive plants such as: Cherimoya, bleeding heart, or sweetpeas. The following may be sensitive: Crown of thorns and other euphorbia, fuchsia, gardenia, impatiens, Asiatic and oriental lily varieties, lantana, ornamental ivy, poinsettia, redbud, schefflera, zebra plant and some succulents. Flowers of the following may be injured when sprayed: African violet, ageratum, azalea, begonia, camellia, chrysanthemum, dahlia, geranium, gloxinia, impatiens, lily, marigold, orchid, pansy, petunia, poinsettia bracts, rose, salvia, snapdragon, vinca, and zinnia.

Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide

Pyrenone Crop Spray

Pyrethrins, Piperonyl Butoxide & Silicon Dioxide

Diatect Multipurpose Insecticide II

Pyrethrins & Rotenone & other Cube Resins

Pyrellin E.C.

Apply in intervals of 7 days or less.

Refined Petroleum Distillate

Saf-T-Side Spray Oil

This insecticide's mode of action is through suffocation of eggs, larvae and nymphs of insects and adults of soft bodied insects. This mode of action necessitates total spray coverage. Bedding plants; do not use in combination with or immediately before or after spraying with fungicides such as captan, oxythioquinox or any product containing sulfur. Also do not use with carbaryl (Sevin) or dimethoate. Do not use with any product whose label recommends the use of no oils. Do not use in combination with NPK foliar fertilizer applications.

Ultra-Fine Oil

Caution: Spray no more than 4 consecutive sprays. The frequency of consecutive sprays should not exceed once every 2 weeks. Early morning applications are recommended. Do not tank mix with insecticide or miticide whose label indicates that it should not be used with oil. Do not use with captan, chlorothalonil, dimethoate, methiocarb, oxythioquinox, propargite, or any product containing sulfur. This list is not exhaustive; therefore for products not included in this list consult label for compatibility information.

Spinosad

Conserve SC

When used in areas of commercial production of herbaceous (non-woody) ornamentals in nurseries (including plant propagation beds): Do not apply more than 10 times in a 12-month period per crop regardless of the pest being treated. Because generations of a specific pest may overlap, rotate control products and never apply more than three consecutive applications of Conserve SC or products containing the same a.i. or products with the same mode of action. Except for structures that can be altered to be closed or open, do not reapply within less than 7 days.

Products labeled for use on specifically named flower crops (see product label for which crops are permitted):

Azadirachtin

Aza-Direct

Do not exceed 57 oz. of Aza-Direct per acre per application.

Dimethoate

AllPro Cygon 2E

Dimethoate 267

Nurseries; do not use on ornamental plants not listed or on any ornamental stock plants grown as a source of propagation material such as cuttings, layers, root stocks or scions for grafting or budding. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Dimethoate 4 EC

Do not use on ornamental plants not listed on this label unless personal experience has shown to be safe. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Dimethoate 400

5 Lb. Dimethoate

Do not use on ornamental plants not listed on this label unless personal experience has shown to be safe. Do not use on any ornamental stock plants grown as a source of propagation material, such as cuttings, layers, root stocks, or scions for grafting or budding. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Naled3

Dibrom 8 Emulsive

Spotting, bronzing or localized burning can occur under certain climatic conditions such as slow drying and high humidity or stress caused by drought or high temperature. Do not spray on ornamental cherries, liquid amber, chrysanthemums or ornamental kale as injury may occur.

Refined Petroleum Distillate

JMS Stylet-Oil

Do not spray wet foliage. Do not spray when freezing temperatures are anticipated within 48 hours of an oil application, above 90° F, or when plants are under heat or moisture stress. Do not tank mix with spreader stickers, Nu-Film-P, or Nu-Film-17, highly ionized nutrient spray materials.

1 Usually only one example of each formulation is given. There may be other products available that are as effective as those listed.

2 Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (suppression, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit number or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc.

3 Liriomyza trifolii leafminers have become resistant to organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides. Infrequent use may be effective, but repeated use may be ineffective, depending on the history of the target population.

Table 10. 

Leafrollers & Leaftiers (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) control measures available to commercial flower producers in Florida. See also Caterpillars (Lepidoptera).

Common/Chemical

Name

Trade Name/

Formulation1

Notes from Label2

Products labeled for use on any flower crop:

Azadirachtin

Azatin XL

Ornazin 3% EC

Azatrol EC

Do not exceed 20 grams a.i., 57 oz., of Azatrol per acre.

Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai

Xentari DF

Omnivorous leafroller

Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki

Deliver

Obliquebanded leafroller, omnivorous leafroller, omnivorous leaftier, orange tortrix, orangedog, redbanded leafroller

Dipel DF

Fruittree leafroller, omnivorous leafroller

Javelin WG

Fruittree leafroller, obliquebanded leafroller, omnivorous leafroller, omnivorous leaftier, orange tortrix, orangedog, pandemis leafroller, redbanded leafroller

Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki strain EG2348

Condor Bioinsecticide

Fruittree leafroller, omnivorous leafroller, tortrix; precautions: Do not use in combination with any chlorothalonil based fungicide (Bravo, Terranil etc.). Mixing with other oil based products or surfactants could increase the risk of phytotoxicity.

Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki strain EG7826

Lepinox WDG

Fruittree leafroller, omnivorous leafroller, tortrix

Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki strain EG7841

Crymax Bioinsecticide

Fruittree leafroller, omnivorous leafroller

Bifenthrin

BifenthrinPro Multi-Insecticide

Leafrollers; nursery & shade house; do not apply if rain is expected whithin 12 hours (or whatever time is necessary for the spray to dry). Maximum rates: Do not apply more than 0.2 lb. a.i. per acre (40 fl. oz.) in a single application or per year for outdoor applications

Talstar N

Talstar Nursery Flowable

Leafrollers; nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.2 lbs. a.i. per acre per year for outdoor applications.

Carbaryl

AllPro Carbaryl 4L

Leafrollers

AllPro Carbaryl 50 WP

Sevin 80 WSP

Sevin SL

Leafrollers; to avoid possible injury to tender foliage, do not apply to wet foliage or when rain or high humidity is expected during the next two days.

Carbaryl 4L

Carbaryl 80S

Leafrollers

Sevin Brand SL

Leafrollers; do not make more than six foliar and two direct applications per year. To avoid possible injury to tender foliage, do not apply to wet foliage or when rain or high humidity is expected during the next two days.

Chlorpyrifos

Chlorpyrifos Pro 2

Leafrollers; nursery stock in nurseries

Chlorpyrifos Pro 4

Leafrollers; nursery; some varieties of azaleas, camellias, poinsettias, rose bushes, or variegated ivy show varying degrees of phytotoxicity.

Dursban 50W

Leafrollers; nursery

Cryolite

Kryocide

Leafrollers

Cyfluthrin

Decathlon 20WP

Leafrollers

Deltamethrin

Deltaguard GC 5SC

Leafrollers; nursery

Diazinon

Diazinon 50W

Diazinon AG 500

Obliquebanded leafrollers, omnivorous leaftiers; precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Fenpropathrin Tame 2.4EC

Leafrollers; nursery & shade house; do not use less than a 7 day re-treatment interval.

Lambda-cyhalothrin

Scimitar GC

Leafrollers; nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.36 lbs. a.i. (52.4 fl. oz. of concentrate) per acre per year.

Permethrin

Perm-Up 3.2 EC

Leafrollers; field grown nursery stock; marginal leaf burn may occur on: Salvia, dieffenbachia.

Permethrin Pro

Leafrollers; nursery stock; do not apply more than 2.0 lb. a.i. per acre per year.

Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide

EverGreen EC 60-6

Pyrenone Crop Spray

Pyreth-It

Pyrethrins, Piperonyl Butoxide & Silicon Dioxide

Diatect Multipurpose Insecticide II

Leafrollers

Pyrethrins, Rotenone & other Cube Resins

Pyrellin E.C.

Leafrollers; apply in intervals of 7 days or less.

Refined Petroleum Distillate

Saf-T-Side Spray Oil

This insecticide's mode of action is through suffocation of eggs, larvae and nymphs of insects and adults of soft bodied insects. This mode of action necessitates total spray coverage. Bedding plants; do not use in combination with or immediately before or after spraying with fungicides such as captan, oxythioquinox or any product containing sulfur. Also do not use with carbaryl (Sevin) or dimethoate. Do not use with any product whose label recommends the use of no oils. Do not use in combination with NPK foliar fertilizer applications.

Ultra-Fine Oil

Leafrollers; caution: Spray no more than 4 consecutive sprays. The frequency of consecutive sprays should not exceed once every 2 weeks. Early morning applications are recommended. Do not tank mix with insecticide or miticide whose label indicates that it should not be used with oil. Do not use with captan, chlorothalonil, dimethoate, methiocarb, oxythioquinox, propargite, or any product containing sulfur. This list is not exhaustive; therefore for products not included in this list consult label for compatibility information.

Spinosad

Conserve SC

Obliquebanded leafroller; when used in areas of commercial production of herbaceous (non-woody) ornamentals in nurseries (including plant propagation beds): Do not apply more than 10 times in a 12-month period per crop regardless of the pest being treated. Because generations of a specific pest may overlap, rotate control products and never apply more than three consecutive applications of Conserve SC or products containing the same a.i. or products with the same mode of action. Except for structures that can be altered to be closed or open, do not reapply within less than 7 days.

Products labeled for use on specifically named flower crops (see product label for which crops are permitted):

Acephate

Acephate Pro 75

Acephate 97UP

Address T/O

Orthene Turf Tree & Ornamental Spray

Orthene Turf Tree & Ornamental Spray 97

Leafrollers

Azadirachtin

Aza-Direct

Leafrollers; do not exceed 57 oz. of Aza-Direct per acre per application.

Diazinon

Diazinon 5WB

Diazinon Insecticide

Obliquebanded leafrollers, omnivorous leaftiers; precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Diazinon AG500 (EPA Reg.# 5905-248)

Nurseries only; obliquebanded leafrollers, omnivorous leaftiers; precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Naled

Dibrom 8 Emulsive

Leafrollers; spotting, bronzing or localized burning can occur under certain climatic conditions such as slow drying and high humidity or stress caused by drought or high temperature. Do not spray on ornamental cherries, liquid amber, chrysanthemums or ornamental kale as injury may occur.

1 Usually only one example of each formulation is given. There may be other products available that are as effective as those listed.

2 Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (suppression, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit number or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc.

Table 11. 

Looper (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) control measures available to commercial flower producers in Florida. See also Caterpillars (Lepidoptera).

Common/Chemical

Name

Trade Name/

Formulation1

Notes from Label2

Products labeled for use on any flower crop:

Azadirachtin

Azatin XL

Ornazin 3% EC

Azatrol EC

Do not exceed 20 grams a.i., 57 oz., of Azatrol per acre.

Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai

Xentari DF

Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki

Deliver

Dipel DF

Javelin WG

Troy-BT 2WP

Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki strain ABTS-351

Biobit HP

Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki EG2348

Condor Bioinsecticide

Precautions: Do not use in combination with any chlorothalonil based fungicide (Bravo, Terranil etc.). Mixing with other oil based products or surfactants could increase the risk of phytotoxicity.

Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki strain EG7826

Lepinox WDG

Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki EG7841

Crymax Bioinsecticide

Permethrin

Ambush 25W

Cabbage looper; field grown nursery stock; do not apply more than 2.0 lbs. a.i. per acre per season. Marginal leaf burn may occur on: Salvia, dieffenbachia. Application to blooming plants may cause browning of petals.

Ambush

Pounce 25 WP

Pounce 3.2 EC

Pounce WSB

Cabbage looper; field grown nursery stock

Clean Crop Permethrin 3.2 EC

Cabbage looper; field grown nursery stock; marginal leaf burn may occur on: Salvia, dieffenbachia. Application to blooming plants may cause browning of petals. Avoid spraying chrysanthemum blooms.

Perm-Up 3.2 EC

Cabbage looper; field grown nursery stock; marginal leaf burn may occur on: Salvia, dieffenbachia.

Permethrin Pro

Cabbage looper; nursery stock; do not apply more than 2.0 lb. a.i. per acre per year.

Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide

EverGreen EC 60-6

Pyrenone Crop Spray

Pyreth-It

Cabbage looper

Pyrethrins, Piperonyl Butoxide & Silicon Dioxide

Diatect Multipurpose Insecticide II

Pyrethrins, Rotenone & other Cube Resins

Pyrellin E.C.

Apply in intervals of 7 days or less.

Spinosad

Conserve SC

Cabbage looper; when used in areas of commercial production of herbaceous (non-woody) ornamentals in nurseries (including plant propagation beds): Do not apply more than 10 times in a 12-month period per crop regardless of the pest being treated. Because generations of a specific pest may overlap, rotate control products and never apply more than three consecutive applications of Conserve SC or products containing the same a.i. or products with the same mode of action. Except for structures that can be altered to be closed or open, do not reapply within less than 7 days.

Products labeled for use on specifically named flower crops (see product label for which crops are permitted):

Diazinon

Diazinon 5WB

Diazinon Insecticide

Oak looper; precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Diazinon AG500 (EPA Reg.# 5905-248)

Nurseries only; oak looper; precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Diflubenzuron

Dimilin 25W Insect Growth Regulator EPA Reg. # 400-465

Hemlock looper early instars; not for trees or shrubs grown in shade houses.

1 Usually only one example of each formulation is given. There may be other products available that are as effective as those listed.

2 Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (suppression, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit number or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc.

Table 12. 

Mealybug (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) control measures available to commercial flower producers in Florida.

Common/Chemical

Name

Trade Name/

Formulation1

Notes from Label2

Products labeled for use on any flower crop:

Acetamiprid

TriStar 70 WSP

Do not make more than five applications per year. Do not reapply more than once every 7 days. Do not apply more than 22 water soluble packs per acre (0.55 lb. a.i./acre) per year.

Azadirachtin

Azatin XL

Ornazin 3% EC

Azatrol EC

Do not exceed 20 grams a.i., 57 oz., of Azatrol per acre.

Beauveria bassiana ATCC 74040

Naturalis L

Do not tank mix with fungicides. Wait a minimum of 48 hours after application before applying fungicides.

Beauveria bassiana strain GHA

Botanigard 22WP

Nursery & shade house

Botanigard ES

Nursery
Mycotrol O Edible flowers only.

Bifenthrin

BifenthrinPro Multi-Insecticide

Nursery & shade house; do not apply if rain is expected whithin 12 hours (or whatever time is necessary for the spray to dry). Maximum rates: Do not apply more than 0.2 lb. a.i. per acre (40 fl. oz.) in a single application or per year for outdoor applications.

Talstar N

Talstar Nursery Flowable

Nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.2 lbs. a.i. per acre per year for outdoor applications.

Talstar Nursery Granular

Containerized and balled nursery stock

Buprofezin

Talus Insect Growth Regulator

Grape mealybug; vine mealybug; citrus mealybug; comstock mealybug; longtailed mealybug; Mexican mealybug; Obscure mealybug; Make no more than two applications per crop per season. To preserve usefulness of Talus, do not make more than two consecutive applications. Prior to subsequent applications, use an alternative chemistry with a different mode of action. Talus belongs to a class of chemicals not previously used as pesticides and not known to be cross-resistant to other classes of insecticides. In addition to inhibiting chitin biosynthesis on the listed insects. Talus supresses oviposition of adults and reduces viability of eggs.

Carbaryl

AllPro Carbaryl 4L

Carbaryl 4L

Carbaryl 80S

Sevin Brand SL

Do not make more than six foliar and two direct applications per year. To avoid possible injury to tender foliage, do not apply to wet foliage or when rain or high humidity is expected during the next two days.

AllPro Carbaryl 50 WP

Sevin 80 WSP

Sevin SL

Application to wet foliage or during periods of high humidity may cause injury to tender foliage.

Chlorpyrifos

Chlorpyrifos Pro 2

Nursery stock in nurseries.

Chlorpyrifos Pro 4

Nursery; some varieties of azaleas, camellias, poinsettias, rose bushes, or variegated ivy show varying degrees of phytotoxicity.

Duragard ME

Nursery; bedding plants, potted and cut flowers. Direct spray to some open blooms may cause petal drop. Do not spray on kalanchoes.

Dursban 50W

Nursery

Clarified Hydrophobic Extract of Neem Oil Triact 70

Test before applying to carnation and the flowers of: Impatiens, fuchsia, hibiscus, and some roses. Most effective when applied early to mid-morning or late afternoon.

Cyfluthrin

Decathlon 20WP

Cyfluthrin & Imidacloprid

Discus

Nursery; application can not exceed a total of 244 oz. per acre per year for outdoor ornamentals grown in beds. On plants with a production cycle of less than one year, application frequency can not exceed more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. On stock plants and woody crops with a production cycle of greater than one year, application may not exceed once a year.

Deltamethrin

Deltaguard GC 5SC Nursery
Fenpropathrin Tame 2.4EC

Nursery & shade house; do not use less than a 7 day re-treatment interval.

Imidacloprid

Marathon 1% Granular

Nursery; for outdoor ornamentals grown in beds, applications can not exceed a total of 40 lbs. per acre per year. On plants with a production cycle of less than 1 year, application is not to exceed a frequency of more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. On stock plants and woody crops with a production cycle of greater than 1 year, application may not exceed once a year.

Marathon 60 WP

Nursery; this product is to be applied as a soil treatment only. For outdoor ornamentals grown in beds applications can not exceed a total of 10.7 oz. (0.4 lbs. Active ingredient) per acre per year. On plants with a production cycle of less than 1 year, application is not to exceed a frequency of more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. On stock plants and woody crops with a production cycle of greater than 1 year, application may not exceed once a year.

Marathon II

For outdoor ornamentals do not apply more than 1.6 pt. (0.4 lbs. a.i.) per acre per year. Do not apply thru any type of irrigation system.

Lambda-cyhalothrin

Scimitar GC

Nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.36 lbs. a.i. (52.4 fl. oz. of concentrate) per acre per year.

Malathion

Atrapa 5E

Gowan Malathion 8F

Malathion 5 EC

Malathion 57% Premium Grade

Methidathion

Supracide 25W

Nursery stock

Permethrin Perm-Up 3.2 EC

Nursery stock; Marginal leaf burn may occur on salvia, dieffenbachia and pteris fern. Application to blooming plants may cause browning of petals.

Permethrin Pro

Nursery stock; do not apply more than 2.0 lb. a.i. per acre per year.

Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids

AllPro Insecticidal Soap 40%

To achieve enhanced and residual control, use a 1-2% v/v solution of product in combination with recommended products. Tank mixes with products containing chlorothalonil should be avoided as they can cause severe phytotoxicity. If wilting occurs a few hours after application rinse with a clean water spray. Since applications may cause injury to flowers of some plant cultivars, test product on a few flowering plants.

Insecticidal Soap 49.52 CF

Caution: Do not use on new transplants, newly rooted cuttings, plants stressed by drought, or when tender new foliage is present. Avoid application when leaf temperature exceeds 85°F. Note: Do not use on crown of thorns and test on other euphorbias for phytotoxicity. Do not use on bleeding heart, lantana, lilies or sweetpeas. Some varieties of azaleas, begonias, camellias, fuschias, gardenias, orchids, and impatiens have shown sensitivity. Do not apply to poinsettias after bract coloration begins. Test on chrysanthemums for varietal sensitivity and do not apply to open blooms. Do not apply to ornamentals stressed by drought. Test on eugenia and euonymus for varietal and drought sensitivity.

M-Pede

For control of aphids must combine with other pesticides. Tank mixes with chlorothalonil should be avoided. Potential for injury increases on plants stressed by heat, humidity, drought, or insect, mite or disease pressure. Do not apply to very sensitive plants such as: Cherimoya, bleeding heart, or sweetpeas. The following may be sensitive: Crown of thorns and other euphorbia, fuchsia, gardenia, impatiens, Asiatic and oriental lily varieties, lantana, ornamental ivy, poinsettia, redbud, schefflera, zebra plant and some succulents. Flowers of the following may be injured when sprayed: African violet, ageratum, azalea, begonia, camellia, chrysanthemum, dahlia, geranium, gloxinia, impatiens, lily, marigold, orchid, pansy, petunia, poinsettia bracts, rose, salvia, snapdragon, vinca, and zinnia.

Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide

EverGreen EC 60-6

Pyrenone Crop Spray

Pyrethrins, Piperonyl Butoxide & Silicon Dioxide

Diatect Multipurpose Insecticide II

Pyrethrins, Rotenone & other Cube Resins

Pyrellin E.C.

Apply in intervals of 7 days or less.

Pyriproxyfen Distance IGR

Suppression; for foliar spray application, apply Distance no more than two times per cropping cycle or no more than two times per 6 months. For sprench application, if a second application is needed, allow a minimum of 21 days between applications. For drench application: Do not drench plants more than one time per crop cycle. Phytotoxicity has been observed on salvia (Salvia spp.), ghost plant (Graptopetalum paraguayense), schefflera (Schefflera spp.), gardenia (Gardenia spp.), and coral bells (Heuchera sanguinea). It is therefore recommended that Distance not be used on these plants. Do not apply to poinsettia after bract formation.

Refined Petroleum Distillate

Saf-T-Side Spray Oil

This insecticide's mode of action is through suffocation of eggs, larvae and nymphs of insects and adults of soft bodied insects. This mode of action necessitates total spray coverage. Bedding plants; do not use in combination with or immediately before or after spraying with fungicides such as captan, oxythioquinox or any product containing sulfur. Also do not use with carbaryl (Sevin) or dimethoate. Do not use with any product whose label recommends the use of no oils. Do not use in combination with NPK foliar fertilizer applications.

Ultra-Fine Oil

Caution: Spray no more than 4 consecutive sprays. The frequency of consecutive sprays should not exceed once every 2 weeks. Early morning applications are recommended. Do not tank mix with insecticide or miticide whose label indicates that it should not be used with oil. Do not use with captan, chlorothalonil, dimethoate, methiocarb, oxythioquinox, propargite, or any product containing sulfur. This list is not exhaustive; therefore for products not included in this list consult label for compatibility information.

Tau-Fluvalinate Mavrik Aquaflow

Repeat applications not more than four times per month at 5-7 day intervals unless otherwise noted in use directions.

Thiamethoxam

Flagship 25WG

Shade house, container & nursery grown; do not exceed 8 oz. per acre per crop or year, which ever is shorter.

Products labeled for use on specifically named flower crops (see product label for which crops are permitted):

Acephate

Pinpoint 15 Granular

Container grown nursery stock

Precise Acephate

Container grown nursery stock; irrigate immediately after application, but avoid excessive irrigation, to position product in the root zone. Do not apply to freshly rooted cuttings. Potted plants: For use on 3 inch to 12 inch diameter pots (see supplemental information sheet for proper rates).

Azadirachtin

Aza-Direct

Do not exceed 57 oz. of Aza-Direct per acre per application.

Dimethoate

5 Lb Dimethoate

AllPro Cygon 2E

Dimethoate 267

Nurseries; do not use on ornamental plants not listed or on any ornamental stock plants grown as a source of propagation material such as cuttings, layers, root stocks or scions for grafting or budding. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Dimethoate 4 EC

Do not use on ornamental plants not listed on this label unless personal experience has shown to be safe. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Dimethoate 400

Do not use on ornamental plants not listed on this label unless personal experience has shown to be safe. Do not use on any ornamental stock plants grown as a source of propagation material, such as cuttings, layers, root stocks, or scions for grafting or budding. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Refined Petroleum Distillate

JMS Stylet-Oil

Do not spray wet foliage. Do not spray when freezing temperatures are anticipated within 48 hours of an oil application, above 90° F, or when plants are under heat or moisture stress. Do not tank mix with spreader stickers, Nu-Film-P, or Nu-Film-17, highly ionized nutrient spray materials.

1 Usually only one example of each formulation is given. There may be other products available that are as effective as those listed.

2 Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (suppression, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit number or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc.

Table 13. 

Mites, Broad & Cyclamen (Acari: Tarsonemidae) control measures available to commercial flower producers in Florida.

Common/Chemical

Name

Trade Name/

Formulation1

Notes from Label2

Products labeled for use on any flower crop:

Abamectin

Avid 0.15EC

Phytotoxicity has been observed on Shasta Daisy.

Bifenthrin

BifenthrinPro Multi-Insecticide

Nursery & shade house; do not apply if rain is expected whithin 12 hours (or whatever time is necessary for the spray to dry). Maximum rates: Do not apply more than 0.2 lb. a.i. per acre (40 fl. oz.) in a single application or per year for outdoor applications.

Talstar N

Talstar Nursery Flowable

Nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.2 lbs. a.i. per acre per year for outdoor applications.

Diazinon

Diazinon 50W

Diazinon AG 500 (EPA Reg. #51036-71)

Cyclamen mites; precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Dicofol

Kelthane 50 WSP

Nursery; applicators (applicators using this product for agricultural uses only) must be in enclosed cabs or cockpits. Do not make more than two applications per crop or season. Resistance management: As a general rule, the utility of Kelthane 50WSP can be maintained indefinitely by rotating use of Kelthane 50WSP with miticides with different modes of action and by limiting the number of applications of Kelthane 50WSP to an average of one per season. If two applications are made in a single growing season, no application should be made during the following year.

Endosulfan

Endosulfan 3 EC

Endosulfan 50 WP

Thionex (Endosulfan) 3 EC

Thionex (Endosulfan) 50 WP

Cyclamen mite; do not exceed 3.0 lbs. a.i. per acre per year. On chrysanthemums, best results will be obtained if applied before plants flower.

Lambda-cyhalothrin

Scimitar GC

Nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.36 lbs. a.i. (52.4 fl. oz. of concentrate) per acre per year.

Methiocarb

Mesurol 75-W

Nursery; do not apply with oil.

Oxydemeton-methyl

Metasystox-R

Field grown nursery stock; do not make more than 2 applications per season.

Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids

M-Pede

Tank mixes with chlorothalonil should be avoided. Potential for injury increases on plants stressed by heat, humidity, drought, or insect, mite or disease pressure. Do not apply to very sensitive plants such as: Cherimoya, bleeding heart, or sweetpeas. The following may be sensitive: Crown of thorns and other euphorbia, fuchsia, gardenia, impatiens, Asiatic and oriental lily varieties, lantana, ornamental ivy, poinsettia, redbud, schefflera, zebra plant and some succulents. Flowers of the following may be injured when sprayed: African violet, ageratum, azalea, begonia, camellia, chrysanthemum, dahlia, geranium, gloxinia, impatiens, lily, marigold, orchid, pansy, petunia, poinsettia bracts, rose, salvia, snapdragon, vinca, and zinnia.

Pyridaben

Sanmite

Broad mite; maximum seasonal use rate: Do not exceed 21.34 ounces per acre per year.

Refined Petroleum Distillate

Saf-T-Side Spray Oil

This insecticide's mode of action is through suffocation of eggs, larvae and nymphs of insects and adults of soft bodied insects. This mode of action necessitates total spray coverage. Bedding plants; do not use in combination with or immediately before or after spraying with fungicides such as captan, oxythioquinox or any product containing sulfur. Also do not use with carbaryl (Sevin) or dimethoate. Do not use with any product whose label recommends the use of no oils. Do not use in combination with NPK foliar fertilizer applications.

Spiromesifen

Judo

Shade house & nursery; phytotoxicity has been observed on geranuims (Pelargonium spp.) and impatiens (Impatiens spp.), it is recommended that Judo not be used on these. Resistance management: Using Judo in successive miticide applications during the same cropping cycle is not recommended. Do not apply Judo more than four times per season.

Products labeled for use on specifically named flower crops (see product label for which crops are permitted):

Diazinon

Diazinon 5WB

Diazinon Insecticide

Cyclamen mites; precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Diazinon AG500 (EPA Reg.# 5905-248)

Cyclamen mites; nurseries only

Dimethoate

5 Lb. Dimethoate

AllPro Cygon 2E

Dimethoate 267

Nurseries; do not use on ornamental plants not listed or on any ornamental stock plants grown as a source of propagation material such as cuttings, layers, root stocks or scions for grafting or budding. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Dimethoate 4 EC

Do not use on ornamental plants not listed on this label unless personal experience has shown to be safe. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Dimethoate 400

Do not use on ornamental plants not listed on this label unless personal experience has shown to be safe. Do not use on any ornamental stock plants grown as a source of propagation material, such as cuttings, layers, root stocks, or scions for grafting or budding. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Refined Petroleum Distillate

JMS Stylet-Oil

Do not spray wet foliage. Do not spray when freezing temperatures are anticipated within 48 hours of an oil application, above 90° F, or when plants are under heat or moisture stress. Do not tank mix with spreader stickers, Nu-Film-P, or Nu-Film-17, highly ionized nutrient spray materials.

1 Usually only one example of each formulation is given. There may be other products available that are as effective as those listed.

2 Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (suppression, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit number or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc.

Table 14. 

Mites, Eriophyid (Acari: Eriophyidae) control measures available to commercial flower producers in Florida.

Common/Chemical

Name

Trade Name/

Formulation1

Notes from Label2

Products labeled for use on any flower crop:

Abamectin

Avid 0.15EC

Bud & rust mites; phytotoxicity has been observed on Shasta Daisy.

Carbaryl

AllPro Carbaryl 4L

Carbaryl 4L

Carbaryl 80S

Sevin 80 WSP

Sevin SL

Chlorpyrifos

Chlorpyrifos Pro 2

Mites such as bermudagrass nursery stock in nurseries

Chlorpyrifos Pro 4

Mites such as bermudagrass nursery; some varieties of azaleas, camellias, poinsettias, rose bushes, or variegated ivy show varying degrees of phytotoxicity.

Dursban 50W

Mites; nursery

Diazinon

Diazinon 50W

Diazinon AG 500 (EPA Reg.# 51036-71)

Carnation bud mites, carnation shoot mites; precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Dicofol

Kelthane 50 WSP

Pear rust mite, plum nursery mite, plum rust mite, tomato russet mite; nursery; applicators (applicators using this product for agricultural uses only) must be in enclosed cabs or cockpits. Do not make more than two applications per crop or season. Resistance management: As a general rule, the utility of Kelthane 50WSP can be maintained indefinitely by rotating use of Kelthane 50WSP with miticides with different modes of action and by limiting the number of applications of Kelthane 50WSP to an average of one per season. If two applications are made in a single growing season, no application should be made during the following year.

Endosulfan

Endosulfan 3 EC

Endosulfan 50 WP

Thionex (Endosulfan) 3 EC

Thionex (Endosulfan) 50 WP

Taxus bud mite; do not exceed 3.0 lbs. a.i. per acre per year. On chrysanthemums, best results will be obtained if applied before plants flower.

Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids

AllPro Insecticidal Soap 40%

Mites such as rust mite; to achieve enhanced and residual control, use a 1-2% v/v solution of product in combination with recommended products. Tank mixes with products containing chlorothalonil should be avoided as they can cause severe phytotoxicity. If wilting occurs a few hours after application rinse with a clean water spray. Since applications may cause injury to flowers of some plant cultivars, test product on a few flowering plants.

M-Pede

Mites such as rust mite; tank mixes with chlorothalonil should be avoided. Potential for injury increases on plants stressed by heat, humidity, drought, or insect, mite or disease pressure. Do not apply to very sensitive plants such as: Cherimoya, bleeding heart, or sweetpeas. The following may be sensitive: Crown of thorns and other euphorbia, fuchsia, gardenia, impatiens, Asiatic and oriental lily varieties, lantana, ornamental ivy, poinsettia, redbud, schefflera, zebra plant and some succulents. Flowers of the following may be injured when sprayed: African violet, ageratum, azalea, begonia, camellia, chrysanthemum, dahlia, geranium, gloxinia, impatiens, lily, marigold, orchid, pansy, petunia, poinsettia bracts, rose, salvia, snapdragon, vinca, and zinnia.

Refined Petroleum Distillate

Saf-T-Side Spray Oil

Mites; this insecticide's mode of action is through suffocation of eggs, larvae and nymphs of insects and adults of soft bodied insects. This mode of action necessitates total spray coverage. Bedding plants; do not use in combination with or immediately before or after spraying with fungicides such as captan, oxythioquinox or any product containing sulfur. Also do not use with carbaryl (Sevin) or dimethoate. Do not use with any product whose label recommends the use of no oils. Do not use in combination with NPK foliar fertilizer applications.

Ultra-Fine Oil

Caution: Spray no more than 4 consecutive sprays. The frequency of consecutive sprays should not exceed once every 2 weeks. Early morning applications are recommended. Do not tank mix with insecticide or miticide whose label indicates that it should not be used with oil. Do not use with captan, chlorothalonil, dimethoate, methiocarb, oxythioquinox, propargite, or any product containing sulfur. This list is not exhaustive; therefore for products not included in this list consult label for compatibility information.

Spiromesifen

Judo

Rust mite; shade house & nursery; phytotoxicity has been observed on geranuims (Pelargonium spp.) and impatiens (Impatiens spp.), it is recommended that Judo not be used on these. Resistance management: Using Judo in successive miticide applications during the same cropping cycle is not recommended. Do not apply Judo more than four times per season.

Products labeled for use on specifically named flower crops (see product label for which crops are permitted):

Diazinon

Diazinon 5WB

Diazinon Insecticide

Bermudagrass mites, carnation bud mites, carnation shoot mites; precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Diazinon AG500 (EPA Reg.# 5905-248)

Carnation bud mites, carnation shoot mites; nurseries only

Dimethoate

5 Lb. Dimethoate

AllPro Cygon 2E

Mites; nurseries; do not use on ornamental plants not listed or on any ornamental stock plants grown as a source of propagation material such as cuttings, layers, root stocks or scions for grafting or budding. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Dimethoate 267

Mites such as rosette bud mite; nurseries; do not use on ornamental plants not listed or on any ornamental stock plants grown as a source of propagation material such as cuttings, layers, root stocks or scions for grafting or budding. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Dimethoate 4 EC

Mites; do not use on ornamental plants not listed on this label unless personal experience has shown to be safe. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Dimethoate 400

Mites; do not use on ornamental plants not listed on this label unless personal experience has shown to be safe. Do not use on any ornamental stock plants grown as a source of propagation material, such as cuttings, layers, root stocks, or scions for grafting or budding. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Endosulfan

Thionex 3EC

Thionex 50W

Taxus bud mite; nurseries only; do not exceed 3.0 lbs. A.I. per acre per year.

Refined Petroleum Distillate

JMS Stylet-Oil

Mites; do not spray wet foliage. Do not spray when freezing temperatures are anticipated within 48 hours of an oil application, above 90° F, or when plants are under heat or moisture stress. Do not tank mix with spreader stickers, Nu-Film-P, or Nu-Film-17, highly ionized nutrient spray materials.

1 Usually only one example of each formulation is given. There may be other products available that are as effective as those listed.

2 Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (suppression, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit number or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc.

Table 15. 

Mites, Privet (Acari: Tenuipalpidae (False Spider mites)) control measures available to commercial flower producers in Florida. .

Common/Chemical

Name

Trade Name/

Formulation1

Notes from Label2

Products labeled for use on any flower crop:

Diazinon

Diazinon 50W

Diazinon AG 500

Privet mites; precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Dicofol

Kelthane 50 WSP

Privet mites; nursery (F); applicators (applicators using this product for agricultural uses only) must be in enclosed cabs or cockpits. Do not make more than two applications per crop or season. Resistance management: As a general rule, the utility of Kelthane 50WSP can be maintained indefinitely by rotating use of Kelthane 50WSP with miticides with different modes of action and by limiting the number of applications of Kelthane 50WSP to an average of one per season. If two applications are made in a single growing season, no application should be made during the following year.

Spiromesifen

Judo

Tenuipalpid mites, including false spider mite; shade house & nursery; phytotoxicity has been observed on geranuims (Pelargonium spp.) and impatiens (Impatiens spp.), it is recommended that Judo not be used on these. Resistance management: Using Judo in successive miticide applications during the same cropping cycle is not recommended. Do not apply Judo more than four times per season.

Products labeled for use on specifically named flower crops (see product label for which crops are permitted):

Diazinon

Diazinon 5WB

Diazinon Insecticide

Precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Diazinon AG500 (EPA Reg.# 5905-248)

Nurseries only

Dimethoate

5 Lb. Dimethoate

AllPro Cygon 2E

Dimethoate 267

Mites; nurseries; do not use on ornamental plants not listed or on any ornamental stock plants grown as a source of propagation material such as cuttings, layers, root stocks or scions for grafting or budding. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Dimethoate 4 EC

Mites; do not use on ornamental plants not listed on this label unless personal experience has shown to be safe. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Dimethoate 400

Mites; do not use on ornamental plants not listed on this label unless personal experience has shown to be safe. Do not use on any ornamental stock plants grown as a source of propagation material, such as cuttings, layers, root stocks, or scions for grafting or budding. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Refined Petroleum Distillate

JMS Stylet-Oil

Mites; do not spray wet foliage. Do not spray when freezing temperatures are anticipated within 48 hours of an oil application, above 90° F, or when plants are under heat or moisture stress. Do not tank mix with spreader stickers, Nu-Film-P, or Nu-Film-17, highly ionized nutrient spray materials.

1 Usually only one example of each formulation is given. There may be other products available that are as effective as those listed.

2 Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (suppression, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit number or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc.

Table 16. 

Mites, Spider (Acari: Tetranychidae) control measures available to commercial flower producers in Florida.

Common/Chemical

Name

Trade Name/

Formulation1

Notes from Label2

Products labeled for use on any flower crop:

Abamectin

Avid 0.15EC

Carmine spider mite, spruce spider mite, twospotted spider mite; phytotoxicity has been observed on Shasta Daisy.

Acequinocyl

Shuttle 15 SC

Twospotted spider mite, spruce spider mite; shade house & nursery; Do not use Shuttle in successive miticide applications; use in rotation with other treatments having different modes of action. Do not apply more than 0.6 lb a.i. per crop cycle and not more than 0.3 lb. a.i. per crop cycle to roses; Do not use on miniature roses or impatiens. Maximum application rate for roses (except miniture roses) and impatiens is 6.4 fl. oz. (0.06 lb. a.i.) per 100 gallons of water. Do not tank mix with strongly alkaline material and do not combine with Phosethyl (Fosetyl).

Beauveria bassiana ATCC 74040

Naturalis L

Mites; do not tank mix with fungicides. Wait a minimum of 48 hours after application before applying fungicides.

Bifenazate

Floramite

Do not make more than two applications per crop per year. Do not apply more than 16 oz. per acre per year. Apply only one application of Floramite before rotating to products of an alternative chemical class and use at least two alternative products between treatments of Floramite.

Floramite SC

Twospotted spider mite, European red mite, citrus red mite, southern red mite; do not use in successive applications. Apply only one application before rotating to products of an alternative chemical class. Use at least two alternative products between treatments of Floramite SC. Do not make more than two applications per crop per year. Do not apply more than 32 fl. oz. per acre per year.

Bifenthrin3

BifenthrinPro Multi-Insecticide

Mites; nursery & shade house; do not apply if rain is expected whithin 12 hours (or whatever time is necessary for the spray to dry). Maximum rates: Do not apply more than 0.2 lb. a.i. per acre (40 fl. oz.) in a single application or per year for outdoor applications.

Talstar N

Talstar Nursery Flowable

Mites; nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.2 lbs. a.i. per acre per year for outdoor applications.

Clarified Hydrophobic Extract of Neem Oil Triact 70

Mites; test before applying to carnation and the flowers of: Impatiens, fuchsia, hibiscus, and some roses. Most effective when applied early to mid-morning or late afternoon.

Clofentezine

Ovation SC

Shade house, container, or nursery grown; European red mite, twospotted spider mite; recommended application frequency is once per crop cycle in greenhouse, saran house, and shade house culture, and once per each crop cycle occurring within a year for outdoor ornamentals. Has limited effect on beneficial insects, particularly predatory mites and can be used in ipm programs employing beneficial insects. Highly active on mite eggs and early mite stages. Has shown activity and persistence up to 45 days after application.

Dicofol

Kelthane 50 WSP

European red mite, six-spotted mite, twospotted spider mite; nursery; applicators (applicators using this product for agricultural uses only) must be in enclosed cabs or cockpits. Do not make more than two applications per crop or season. Resistance management: As a general rule, the utility of Kelthane 50WSP can be maintained indefinitely by rotating use of Kelthane 50WSP with miticides with different modes of action and by limiting the number of applications of Kelthane 50WSP to an average of one per season. If two applications are made in a single growing season, no application should be made during the following year.

Etoxazole

Tetrasan 5 WDG

Controls in egg and nymph stages of growth. Do not apply to poinsettia after bract formation. Resistant management: apply no more than two times per cropping cycle (start to finish for one ornamental crop) or no more than two times per 6 months. Apply second application no sooner than 14 days after the first application. If rapid control (less than 7 days) is required, apply in combination with a contact adulticide.

Fenbutatin-oxide

Vendex 50WP

Oligonychus mites, twospotted spider mite; apply to foliage only, on chrysanthemums (pre-bloom) and poinsettias (pre-bract). Minor sensitivity observed on: Celosia argentea (cockscomb), Verbenea hortensis (verbena), Ageratum houstonianum (floss flower), Rosa sp. (common rose - some varieties, especially Yellow). When daily temperatures at application averages below 70° performance is reduced.

Fenpropathrin3

Tame 2.4EC

Southern red mite, twospotted spider mite; nursery & shade house; do not use less than a 7 day re-treatment interval.

Hexythiazox

Hexygon

Nursery; European red mite, southern red mite, twospotted spider mite; for use on orchids follow supplemental labeling. Make only one application per crop cycle or once per year.

Hexygon DF

Nursery; European red mite, southern red mite, twospotted spider mite; for use on orchids follow supplemental labeling. Do not use Plyac or household detergents in tank mix combinations with Hexygon DF. Apply Hexygon DF only once per crop cycle.

Lambda-cyhalothrin3

Scimitar GC

Nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.36 lbs. a.i. (52.4 fl. oz. of concentrate) per acre per year.

Methiocarb

Mesurol 75-W

Mites; nursery; do not apply with oil.

Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids

AllPro Insecticidal Soap 40%

Mites such as rust mite; to achieve enhanced and residual control, use a 1-2% v/v solution of product in combination with recommended products. Tank mixes with products containing chlorothalonil should be avoided as they can cause severe phytotoxicity. If wilting occurs a few hours after application rinse with a clean water spray. Since applications may cause injury to flowers of some plant cultivars, test product on a few flowering plants.

Insecticidal Soap 49.52 CF

Caution: Do not use on new transplants, newly rooted cuttings, plants stressed by drought, or when tender new foliage is present. Avoid application when leaf temperature exceeds 85°F. Note: Do not use on crown of thorns and test on other euphorbias for phytotoxicity. Do not use on bleeding heart, lantana, lilies or sweetpeas. Some varieties of azaleas, begonias, camellias, fuschias, gardenias, orchids, and impatiens have shown sensitivity. Do not apply to poinsettias after bract coloration begins. Test on chrysanthemums for varietal sensitivity and do not apply to open blooms. Do not apply to ornamentals stressed by drought. Test on eugenia and euonymus for varietal and drought sensitivity.

M-Pede

Mites such as rust mite; tank mixes with chlorothalonil should be avoided. Potential for injury increases on plants stressed by heat, humidity, drought, or insect, mite or disease pressure. Do not apply to very sensitive plants such as: Cherimoya, bleeding heart, or sweetpeas. The following may be sensitive: Crown of thorns and other euphorbia, fuchsia, gardenia, impatiens, Asiatic and oriental lily varieties, lantana, ornamental ivy, poinsettia, redbud, schefflera, zebra plant and some succulents. Flowers of the following may be injured when sprayed: African violet, ageratum, azalea, begonia, camellia, chrysanthemum, dahlia, geranium, gloxinia, impatiens, lily, marigold, orchid, pansy, petunia, poinsettia bracts, rose, salvia, snapdragon, vinca, and zinnia.

Propargite

Ornamite

Do not use in spray mixes containing oil.

Pyrethrins, Piperonyl Butoxide & Silicon Dioxide

Diatect Multipurpose Insecticide II

Mites

Pyrethrins, Rotenone & other Cube Resins

Pyrellin E.C.

Mites; apply in intervals of 7 days or less.

Pyridaben

Sanmite

European red mite, southern red mite, tumid mite, twospotted spider mite; maximum seasonal use rate: Do not exceed 21.34 ounces per acre per year.

Refined Petroleum Distillate

Saf-T-Side Spray Oil

Mites; this insecticide's mode of action is through suffocation of eggs, larvae and nymphs of insects and adults of soft bodied insects. This mode of action necessitates total spray coverage. Bedding plants; do not use in combination with or immediately before or after spraying with fungicides such as captan, oxythioquinox or any product containing sulfur. Also do not use with carbaryl (Sevin) or dimethoate. Do not use with any product whose label recommends the use of no oils. Do not use in combination with NPK foliar fertilizer applications.

Ultra-Fine Oil

Caution: Spray no more than 4 consecutive sprays. The frequency of consecutive sprays should not exceed once every 2 weeks. Early morning applications are recommended. Do not tank mix with insecticide or miticide whose label indicates that it should not be used with oil. Do not use with captan, chlorothalonil, dimethoate, methiocarb, oxythioquinox, propargite, or any product containing sulfur. This list is not exhaustive; therefore for products not included in this list consult label for compatibility information.

Spinosad

Conserve SC

For spider mites, label says control is variable and that a non-ionic adjuvant may increase efficacy. When used in greenhouse or areas of commercial production of herbaceous (non-woody) ornamentals in nurseries (including plant propagation beds): Do not apply more than 10 times in a 12-month period per crop regardless of the pest being treated. Because generations of a specific pest may overlap, rotate control products and never apply more than three consecutive applications of Conserve SC or products containing the same a.i. or products with the same mode of action. Except for greenhouses and structures that can be altered to be closed or open, do not reapply within less than 7 days.

Spiromesifen

Judo

Shade house & nursery; phytotoxicity has been observed on geranuims (Pelargonium spp.) and impatiens (Impatiens spp.), it is recommended that Judo not be used on these. Resistance management: Using Judo in successive miticide applications during the same cropping cycle is not recommended. Do not apply Judo more than four times per season.

Tau-Fluvalinate3

Mavrik Aquaflow

Repeat applications not more than four times per month at 5-7 day intervals unless otherwise noted in use directions.

Products labeled for use on specifically named flower crops (see product label for which crops are permitted):

Diazinon3

Diazinon 5WB

Diazinon Insecticide

Precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Diazinon AG500 (EPA Reg.# 5905-248)

Nurseries only

Dimethoate3

5 LB. Dimethoate

AllPro Cygon 2E

Dimethoate 267

Mites; nurseries; do not use on ornamental plants not listed or on any ornamental stock plants grown as a source of propagation material such as cuttings, layers, root stocks or scions for grafting or budding. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Dimethoate 4 EC

Mites; do not use on ornamental plants not listed on this label unless personal experience has shown to be safe. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Dimethoate 400

Mites; do not use on ornamental plants not listed on this label unless personal experience has shown to be safe. Do not use on any ornamental stock plants grown as a source of propagation material, such as cuttings, layers, root stocks, or scions for grafting or budding. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Naled3

Dibrom 8 Emulsive

Suppression twospotted spider mite, red mite; spotting, bronzing or localized burning can occur under certain climatic conditions such as slow drying and high humidity or stress caused by drought or high temperature. Do not spray on ornamental cherries, liquid amber, chrysanthemums or ornamental kale as injury may occur.

Propargite

Omite 30WS

Twospotted spider mite, Pacific spider mite; a total of 3 sprays per year allowed. Do not use in spray mixes containing oil.

Refined Petroleum Distillate

JMS Stylet-Oil

Mites; do not spray wet foliage. Do not spray when freezing temperatures are anticipated within 48 hours of an oil application, above 90° F, or when plants are under heat or moisture stress. Do not tank mix with spreader stickers, Nu-Film-P, or Nu-Film-17, highly ionized nutrient spray materials.

1 Usually only one example of each formulation is given. There may be other products available that are as effective as those listed.

2 Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (suppression, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit number or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc.

3 Some spider mite populations have become resistant to organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides. Infrequent use may be effective but repeated use may be ineffective, depending on the history of the target population.

Table 17. 

Plant (Lygus) Bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae) control measures available to commercial flower producers in Florida.

Common/Chemical

Name

Trade Name/

Formulation1

Notes from Label2

Products labeled for use on any flower crop:

Acetamiprid

TriStar 70 WSP

Do not make more than five applications per year. Do not reapply more than once every 7 days. Do not apply more than 22 water soluble packs per acre (0.55 lb. a.i./acre) per year. Resistance to other chloronicotinyls/neonicotinyls, such as Merit and Marathon, may result in resistance to TriStar. Therefore, to minimize resistance, rotate with other classes of insecticides.

Azadirachtin

Azatrol EC

Do not exceed 20 grams a.i., 57 oz., of Azatrol per acre.

Ornazin 3% EC

Beauveria bassiana ATCC 74040

Naturalis L

Do not tank mix with fungicides. Wait a minimum of 48 hours after application before applying fungicides.

Beauveria bassiana strain GHA

Botanigard ES

Nursery

Mycotrol O

Edible flowers only.

Bifenthrin

BifenthrinPro Multi-Insecticide

Nursery & shade house; do not apply if rain is expected whithin 12 hours (or whatever time is necessary for the spray to dry). Maximum rates: Do not apply more than 0.2 lb. a.i. per acre (40 fl. oz.) in a single application or per year for outdoor applications.

Talstar N

Talstar Nursery Flowable

Nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.2 lbs. a.i. per acre per year for outdoor applications.

Carbaryl

AllPro 10% Carbaryl Dust

AllPro Carbaryl 4L

Carbaryl 4L

Carbaryl 80S

AllPro Carbaryl 50 WP

To avoid possible injury to tender foliage, do not apply to wet foliage or when rain or high humidity is expected during the next two days.

Sevin 80 WSP

Sevin SL

Application to wet foliage or during periods of high humidity may cause injury to tender foliage.

Sevin Brand SL

Do not make more than six foliar and two direct applications per year. To avoid possible injury to tender foliage, do not apply to wet foliage or when rain or high humidity is expected during the next two days.

Chlorpyrifos

Chlorpyrifos Pro 4

Nursery; some varieties of azaleas, camellias, poinsettias, rose bushes, or variegated ivy show varying degrees of phytotoxicity.

Duragard ME

Tarnished plant bugs; nursery; bedding plants, potted and cut flowers. Direct spray to some open blooms may cause petal drop. Do not spray on kalanchoes.

Dursban 50W

Nursery

Cyfluthrin

Decathlon 20WP

Cyfluthrin & Imidacloprid

Discus

Nursery; application can not exceed a total of 244 oz. per acre per year for outdoor ornamentals grown in beds. On plants with a production cycle of less than one year, application frequency can not exceed more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. On stock plants and woody crops with a production cycle of greater than one year, application may not exceed once a year.

Deltamethrin

Deltaguard GC 5SC Nursery
Fenpropathrin Tame 2.4EC

Tarnished plant bug; nursery & shade house; do not use less than a 7 day re-treatment interval.

Lambda-cyhalothrin

Scimitar GC

Nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.36 lbs. a.i. (52.4 fl. oz. of concentrate) per acre per year.

Malathion

Atrapa 5E

Gowan Malathion 8F

Malathion 5 EC

Malathion 57% Premium Grade

Tarnished plant bug

Permethrin

Ambush 25W

Field grown nursery stock; do not apply more than 2.0 lbs. a.i. per acre per season. Marginal leaf burn may occur on: Salvia, dieffenbachia. Application to blooming plants may cause browning of petals.

Perm-Up 3.2 EC

Field grown nursery stock; marginal leaf burn may occur on: Salvia, dieffenbachia.

Permethrin Pro

Nursery stock; do not apply more than 2.0 lb. a.i. per acre per year.

Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids

AllPro Insecticidal Soap 40%

To achieve enhanced and residual control, use a 1-2% v/v solution of product in combination with recommended products. Tank mixes with products containing chlorothalonil should be avoided as they can cause severe phytotoxicity. If wilting occurs a few hours after application rinse with a clean water spray. Since applications may cause injury to flowers of some plant cultivars, test product on a few flowering plants.

Insecticidal Soap 49.52 CF

Caution: Do not use on new transplants, newly rooted cuttings, plants stressed by drought, or when tender new foliage is present. Avoid application when leaf temperature exceeds 85°F. Note: Do not use on crown of thorns and test on other euphorbias for phytotoxicity. Do not use on bleeding heart, lantana, lilies or sweetpeas. Some varieties of azaleas, begonias, camellias, fuschias, gardenias, orchids, and impatiens have shown sensitivity. Do not apply to poinsettias after bract coloration begins. Test on chrysanthemums for varietal sensitivity and do not apply to open blooms. Do not apply to ornamentals stressed by drought. Test on eugenia and euonymus for varietal and drought sensitivity.

M-Pede

Tank mixes with chlorothalonil should be avoided. Potential for injury increases on plants stressed by heat, humidity, drought, or insect, mite or disease pressure. Do not apply to very sensitive plants such as: Cherimoya, bleeding heart, or sweetpeas. The following may be sensitive: Crown of thorns and other euphorbia, fuchsia, gardenia, impatiens, Asiatic and oriental lily varieties, lantana, ornamental ivy, poinsettia, redbud, schefflera, zebra plant and some succulents. Flowers of the following may be injured when sprayed: African violet, ageratum, azalea, begonia, camellia, chrysanthemum, dahlia, geranium, gloxinia, impatiens, lily, marigold, orchid, pansy, petunia, poinsettia bracts, rose, salvia, snapdragon, vinca, and zinnia.

Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide

EverGreen EC 60-6

Lygus

Pyrenone Crop Spray

Pyrethrins, Piperonyl Butoxide & Silicon Dioxide

Diatect Multipurpose Insecticide II

Pyrethrins, Rotenone & other Cube Resins

Pyrellin E.C.

Apply in intervals of 7 days or less.

Refined Petroleum Distillate

Saf-T-Side Spray Oil

This insecticide's mode of action is through suffocation of eggs, larvae and nymphs of insects and adults of soft bodied insects. This mode of action necessitates total spray coverage. Bedding plants; do not use in combination with or immediately before or after spraying with fungicides such as captan, oxythioquinox or any product containing sulfur. Also do not use with carbaryl (Sevin) or dimethoate. Do not use with any product whose label recommends the use of no oils. Do not use in combination with NPK foliar fertilizer applications.

Ultra-Fine Oil

Honeylocust plant bug; caution: Spray no more than 4 consecutive sprays. The frequency of consecutive sprays should not exceed once every 2 weeks. Early morning applications are recommended. Do not tank mix with insecticide or miticide whose label indicates that it should not be used with oil. Do not use with captan, chlorothalonil, dimethoate, methiocarb, oxythioquinox, propargite, or any product containing sulfur. This list is not exhaustive; therefore for products not included in this list consult label for compatibility information.

Tau-Fluvalinate Mavrik Aquaflow

Repeat applications not more than four times per month at 5-7 day intervals unless otherwise noted in use directions.

Thiamethoxam

Flagship 25WG

Shade house, container & nursery grown; do not exceed 8 oz. per acre per crop or year, which ever is shorter.

Products labeled for use on specifically named flower crops (see product label for which crops are permitted):

Acephate

Acephate Pro 75

Acephate 97UP

Address T/O

Orthene Turf Tree & Ornamental Spray

Orthene Turf Tree & Ornamental Spray 97

Lygus

Azadirachtin

Aza-Direct

Do not exceed 57 oz. of Aza-Direct per acre per application.

1 Usually only one example of each formulation is given. There may be other products available that are as effective as those listed.

2 Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (suppression, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit number or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc.

Table 18. 

Shore fly (Diptera: Ephydridae) control measures available to commercial flower producers in Florida.

Common/Chemical

Name

Trade Name/

Formulation1

Notes from Label2

Products labeled for use on any flower crop:

Azadirachtin

Azatin XL

Ornazin 3% EC

Azatrol EC

Diptera; do not exceed 20 grams a.i., 57 oz., of Azatrol per acre.

Beauveria bassiana ATCC 74040

Naturalis L

Do not tank mix with fungicides. Wait a minimum of 48 hours after application before applying fungicides.

Chlorpyrifos

Duragard ME

Nursery; bedding plants, potted and cut flowers. Direct spray to some open blooms may cause petal drop. Do not spray on kalanchoes.

Cyfluthrin

Decathlon 20WP

Flies

Diazinon

Diazinon 50W (EPA Reg.# 100-460-34704)

Diazinon AG 500 (EPA Reg.# 51036-71)

Flies (larvae); precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Diflubenzuron

Adept

Shade house; do not make more than four applications per crop. Do not apply to poinsettias, hibiscus, and Rieger begonia. Do not reuse potting media, which has been treated with Adept. Do not apply to plants grown on capillary water mats.

Fenoxycarb

Precision

Scatella spp.; Container grown or shade house grown; will not control the adult stages of insect pests. Do not exceed a maximum of 30 applications per year for greenhouse use. Applications should not be made to poinsettia after bract formation.

Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids

AllPro Insecticidal Soap 40%

To achieve enhanced and residual control, use a 1-2% v/v solution of product in combination with recommended products. Tank mixes with products containing chlorothalonil should be avoided as they can cause severe phytotoxicity. If wilting occurs a few hours after application rinse with a clean water spray. Since applications may cause injury to flowers of some plant cultivars, test product on a few flowering plants.

M-Pede

Tank mixes with chlorothalonil should be avoided. Potential for injury increases on plants stressed by heat, humidity, drought, or insect, mite or disease pressure. Do not apply to very sensitive plants such as: Cherimoya, bleeding heart, or sweetpeas. The following may be sensitive: Crown of thorns and other euphorbia, fuchsia, gardenia, impatiens, Asiatic and oriental lily varieties, lantana, ornamental ivy, poinsettia, redbud, schefflera, zebra plant and some succulents. Flowers of the following may be injured when sprayed: African violet, ageratum, azalea, begonia, camellia, chrysanthemum, dahlia, geranium, gloxinia, impatiens, lily, marigold, orchid, pansy, petunia, poinsettia bracts, rose, salvia, snapdragon, vinca, and zinnia.

Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide

Pyrenone Crop Spray

Flies

Pyrethrins, Piperonyl Butoxide & Silicon Dioxide

Diatect Multipurpose Insecticide II

Flies
Pyriproxyfen Distance IGR

For foliar spray application, apply Distance no more than two times per cropping cycle or no more than two times per 6 months. For sprench application, if a second application is needed, allow a minimum of 21 days between applications. For drench application: Do not drench plants more than one time per crop cycle. Phytotoxicity has been observed on salvia (Salvia spp.), ghost plant (Graptopetalum paraguayense), schefflera (Schefflera spp.), gardenia (Gardenia spp.), and coral bells (Heuchera sanguinea). It is therefore recommended that Distance not be used on these plants. Do not apply to poinsettia after bract formation.

Steinernema carpocapsae

Millenium

For fungus gnats and shore flies: Three applications must be applied at 7 day intervals.

1 Usually only one example of each formulation is given. There may be other products available that are as effective as those listed.

2 Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (suppression, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit number or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc.

Table 19. 

Slugs & Snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Limacidae) control measures available to commercial flower producers in Florida.

Common/Chemical

Name

Trade Name/

Formulation1

Notes from Label2

Products labeled for use on any flower crop:

Iron phosphate

Monterey Sluggo-Ag

Deroceras reticulatum (field slug); Deroceras laeve (smooth slug); Arion subfuscus (dusky slug); Arion circumscriptus (gray garden slug); Arion hortensis (black field slug); Arion rufus (large red slug); Arios ater (large black slug); Limax flavus (spotted garden slug); Limax tenellus (slender slug); Ariolimax columbianus (banana slug); Helix spp.; Helicella spp.; Cepaea spp.

Metaldehyde

Deadline Bullets

Deadline M-Ps

Nursery; for best results apply in evening.

Prozap Snail & Slug AG

Use only as a baiting treatment ... [Product] should never be applied to dry soil. Applications should be made following irrigation for best results. Apply any time of the day but evening applications are preferred. Do not re-water for 48 hours after application. Some slight tip burning has been noticed on extremely tender orchids. For heavily infested greenhouses a second application is recommended 7-10 days following the first application.

Slug-Fest All Weather Formula

Do not apply directly to plants unless prior experience has shown the plant to be tolerant, however some slight tip burning has been noticed on extremely tender orchids. Thoroughly water areas to be treated before application. For best results apply in the evening.

Methiocarb

Mesurol 75-W

Mesurol Pro

Nursery; do not apply with oil.

1 Usually only one example of each formulation is given. There may be other products available that are as effective as those listed.

2 Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (suppression, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit number or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc.

Table 20. 

Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) control measures available to commercial flower producers in Florida.

Common/Chemical

Name

Trade Name/

Formulation1

Notes from Label2

Products labeled for use on any flower crop:

Abamectin

Avid 0.15EC

Suppression; do not use for suppression of aphids on roses, chrysanthemum, and gerbera. Phytotoxicity has been observed on Shasta Daisy.

Acetamiprid

TriStar 70 WSP

Citrus thrips; do not make more than five applications per year. Do not reapply more than once every 7 days. Do not apply more than 22 water soluble packs per acre (0.55 lb. a.i./acre) per year.

Azadirachtin

Azatin XL

Azatrol EC

Do not exceed 20 grams a.i., 57 oz., of Azatrol per acre.

Azinphos-methyl

Guthion Solupak

Nursery stock

Beauveria bassiana ATCC 74040

Naturalis L

Do not tank mix with fungicides. Wait a minimum of 48 hours after application before applying fungicides.

Beauveria bassiana strain GHA

Botanigard 22WP

Nursery & shade house

Botanigard ES

Nursery
Mycotrol O Edible flowers only.

Bifenthrin

BifenthrinPro Multi-Insecticide

Nursery & shade house; do not apply if rain is expected whithin 12 hours (or whatever time is necessary for the spray to dry). Maximum rates: Do not apply more than 0.2 lb. a.i. per acre (40 fl. oz.) in a single application or per year for outdoor applications.

Talstar N

Talstar Nursery Flowable

Nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.2 lbs. a.i. per acre per year for outdoor applications.

Carbaryl

AllPro Carbaryl 4L

Carbaryl 4L

Carbaryl 80S

Exposed thrips

AllPro Carbaryl 50 WP

Exposed thrips; to avoid possible injury to tender foliage, do not apply to wet foliage or when rain or high humidity is expected during the next two days.

Sevin 80 WSP

Sevin SL

Exposed thrips; application to wet foliage or during periods of high humidity may cause injury to tender foliage.

Chlorpyrifos

Duragard ME

Nursery; bedding plants, potted and cut flowers. Direct spray to some open blooms may cause petal drop. Do not spray on kalanchoes.

Dursban 50W

Exposed thrips; nursery

Cyfluthrin

Decathlon 20WP

Cyfluthrin & Imidacloprid

Discus

Suppression; nursery; application can not exceed a total of 244 oz. per acre per year for outdoor ornamentals grown in beds. On plants with a production cycle of less than one year, application frequency can not exceed more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. On stock plants and woody crops with a production cycle of greater than one year, application may not exceed once a year.

Diazinon

Diazinon 50W

Diazinon AG 500 (EPA Reg.# 51036-71)

Precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Dinotefuran

Safari 20 SG

Nursery; suppression; broadcast (foliar) applications can not exceed a total of 2.7 lbs. of product (0.54 lb. a.i.) per acre per year.

Fenoxycarb

Precision

Container grown or shade house grown; will not control the adult stages of insect pests. Do not exceed a maximum of 30 applications per year for greenhouse use. Applications should not be made to poinsettia after bract formation.

Fenpropathrin Tame 2.4EC

Nursery & shade house; do not use less than a 7 day re-treatment interval.

Imidacloprid

Marathon 1% Granular

Suppression; nursery; for outdoor ornamentals grown in beds, applications can not exceed a total of 40 lbs. per acre per year. On plants with a production cycle of less than 1 year, application is not to exceed a frequency of more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. On stock plants and woody crops with a production cycle of greater than 1 year, application may not exceed once a year.

Marathon 60 WP

Suppression; nursery; this product is to be applied as a soil treatment only. For outdoor ornamentals grown in beds applications can not exceed a total of 10.7 oz. (0.4 lbs. Active ingredient) per acre per year. On plants with a production cycle of less than 1 year, application is not to exceed a frequency of more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. On stock plants and woody crops with a production cycle of greater than 1 year, application may not exceed once a year.

Marathon II

Thrips are suppressed on foliage only, not in buds or flowers. For outdoor ornamentals do not apply more than 1.6 pt. (0.4 lbs. a.i.) per acre per year. Do not apply thru any type of irrigation system.

Lambda-cyhalothrin

Scimitar GC

Nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.36 lbs. a.i. (52.4 fl. oz. of concentrate) per acre per year.

Malathion

Atrapa 5E

Gowan Malathion 8 F

Malathion 5 EC

Malathion 57% Premium Grade

Methiocarb

Mesurol 75-W

Western flower thrips; nursery; do not apply with oil.

Novaluron

Pedestal

Container grown plants; nursery & shade house; do not apply more than once every 30 days. Do not make more than two applications per crop year. Do not apply more than 52 fl. oz. per acre per year per crop. Do not apply to poinsettias. Resistance management: Do not apply in successive applications, use only one application before rotation with other classes of insecticides with different modes of action. Use at least two alternative products between applications of Pedestal. Do not use more than once within each generation cycle.

Permethrin

Ambush 25W

Citrus thrips; field grown nursery stock; do not apply more than 2.0 lbs. a.i. per acre per season. Marginal leaf burn may occur on: Salvia, dieffenbachia. Application to blooming plants may cause browning of petals.

Ambush

Pounce 25 WP

Pounce 3.2 EC

Pounce WSB

Citrus thrips; field grown nursery stock

Clean Crop Permethrin 3.2 EC

Citrus thrips; field grown nursery stock; marginal leaf burn may occur on: Salvia, dieffenbachia. Application to blooming plants may cause browning of petals. Avoid spraying chrysanthemum blooms.

Perm-Up 3.2 EC

Citrus thrips; field grown nursery stock; marginal leaf burn may occur on: Salvia, dieffenbachia.

Permethrin Pro

Citrus thrips; nursery stock; do not apply more than 2.0 lb. a.i. per acre per year.

Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids

AllPro Insecticidal Soap 40%

Exposed thrips; to achieve enhanced and residual control, use a 1-2% v/v solution of product in combination with recommended products. Tank mixes with products containing chlorothalonil should be avoided as they can cause severe phytotoxicity. If wilting occurs a few hours after application rinse with a clean water spray. Since applications may cause injury to flowers of some plant cultivars, test product on a few flowering plants.

Insecticidal Soap 49.52 CF

Caution: Do not use on new transplants, newly rooted cuttings, plants stressed by drought, or when tender new foliage is present. Avoid application when leaf temperature exceeds 85°F. Note: Do not use on crown of thorns and test on other euphorbias for phytotoxicity. Do not use on bleeding heart, lantana, lilies or sweetpeas. Some varieties of azaleas, begonias, camellias, fuschias, gardenias, orchids, and impatiens have shown sensitivity. Do not apply to poinsettias after bract coloration begins. Test on chrysanthemums for varietal sensitivity and do not apply to open blooms. Do not apply to ornamentals stressed by drought. Test on eugenia and euonymus for varietal and drought sensitivity.

M-Pede

Blossom & exposed thrips; tank mixes with chlorothalonil should be avoided. Potential for injury increases on plants stressed by heat, humidity, drought, or insect, mite or disease pressure. Do not apply to very sensitive plants such as: Cherimoya, bleeding heart, or sweetpeas. The following may be sensitive: Crown of thorns and other euphorbia, fuchsia, gardenia, impatiens, Asiatic and oriental lily varieties, lantana, ornamental ivy, poinsettia, redbud, schefflera, zebra plant and some succulents. Flowers of the following may be injured when sprayed: African violet, ageratum, azalea, begonia, camellia, chrysanthemum, dahlia, geranium, gloxinia, impatiens, lily, marigold, orchid, pansy, petunia, poinsettia bracts, rose, salvia, snapdragon, vinca, and zinnia.

Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide

Pyrenone Crop Spray

Pyreth-It

Pyrethrins, Piperonyl Butoxide & Silicon Dioxide

Diatect Multipurpose Insecticide II

Pyrethrins, Rotenone & other Cube Resins

Pyrellin E.C.

Apply in intervals of 7 days or less.

Spinosad

Conserve SC

Exposed thrips; when used in areas of commercial production of herbaceous (non-woody) ornamentals in nurseries (including plant propagation beds): Do not apply more than 10 times in a 12-month period per crop regardless of the pest being treated. Because generations of a specific pest may overlap, rotate control products and never apply more than three consecutive applications of Conserve SC or products containing the same a.i. or products with the same mode of action. Except for structures that can be altered to be closed or open, do not reapply within less than 7 days.

Tau-Fluvalinate

Mavrik Aquaflow

Repeat applications not more than four times per month at 5-7 day intervals unless otherwise noted in use directions.

Products labeled for use on specifically named flower crops (see product label for which crops are permitted):

Acephate

Acephate Pro 75

Acephate 97UP

Address T/O

Orthene Turf Tree & Ornamental Spray

Orthene Turf Tree & Ornamental Spray 97

Azadirachtin

Aza-Direct

Do not exceed 57 oz. of Aza-Direct per acre per application.

Diazinon

Diazinon 5WB

Diazinon Insecticide

Precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Diazinon AG500 (EPA Reg.# 5905-248)

Nurseries only. Precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Dimethoate

AllPro Cygon 2E

Dimethoate 267

Nurseries; do not use on ornamental plants not listed or on any ornamental stock plants grown as a source of propagation material such as cuttings, layers, root stocks or scions for grafting or budding. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Dimethoate 4 EC

Do not use on ornamental plants not listed on this label unless personal experience has shown to be safe. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Dimethoate 400

5 Lb. Dimethoate

Do not use on ornamental plants not listed on this label unless personal experience has shown to be safe. Do not use on any ornamental stock plants grown as a source of propagation material, such as cuttings, layers, root stocks, or scions for grafting or budding. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Naled

Dibrom 8 Emulsive

Spotting, bronzing or localized burning can occur under certain climatic conditions such as slow drying and high humidity or stress caused by drought or high temperature. Do not spray on ornamental cherries, liquid amber, chrysanthemums or ornamental kale as injury may occur.

1 Usually only one example of each formulation is given. There may be other products available that are as effective as those listed.

2 Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (suppression, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit number or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc.

Table 21. 

Whitefly (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) control measures available to commercial flower producers in Florida.

Common/Chemical

Name

Trade Name/

Formulation1

Notes from Label2

Products labeled for use on any flower crop:

Abamectin

Avid 0.15EC

Suppression; do not use for suppression of aphids on roses, chrysanthemum, and gerbera. Phytotoxicity has been observed on Shasta Daisy.

Acetamiprid

TriStar 70 WSP

Citrus thrips; do not make more than five applications per year. Do not reapply more than once every 7 days. Do not apply more than 22 water soluble packs per acre (0.55 lb. a.i./acre) per year.

Azadirachtin

Azatin XL

Ornazin 3% EC

Azatrol EC

Do not exceed 20 grams a.i., 57 oz., of Azatrol per acre.

Beauveria bassiana ATCC 74040

Naturalis L

Do not tank mix with fungicides. Wait a minimum of 48 hours after application before applying fungicides.

Beauveria bassiana strain GHA

Botanigard 22WP

Nursery & shade house

Botanigard ES

Nursery

Bifenthrin

BifenthrinPro Multi-Insecticide

Nursery & shade house; do not apply if rain is expected whithin 12 hours (or whatever time is necessary for the spray to dry). Maximum rates: Do not apply more than 0.2 lb. a.i. per acre (40 fl. oz.) in a single application or per year for outdoor applications.

Talstar N

Talstar Nursery Flowable

Nursery & shade house; do not apply more than 0.2 lbs. a.i. per acre per year for outdoor applications.

Buprofezin

Talus Insect Growth Regulator

Silverleaf whitefly, sweet potato whitefly, greenhouse whitefly, ash whitefly; make no more than two applications per crop per season. To preserve usefulness of Talus, do not make more than two consecutive applications. Prior to subsequent applications, use an alternative chemistry with a different mode of action. Talus belongs to a class of chemicals not previously used as pesticides and not known to be cross-resistant to other classes of insecticides. In addition to inhibiting chitin biosynthesis on the listed insects, Talus supresses oviposition of adults and reduces viability of eggs.

Chlorpyrifos

Chlorpyrifos Pro 2

Nursery stock in nurseries.

Chlorpyrifos Pro 4

Nursery; some varieties of azaleas, camellias, poinsettias, rose bushes, or variegated ivy show varying degrees of phytotoxicity.

Dursban 50W

Nursery

Clarified Hydrophobic Extract of Neem Oil Triact 70

Test before applying to carnation and the flowers of: Impatiens, fuchsia, hibiscus, and some roses. Most effective when applied early to mid-morning or late afternoon.

Cyfluthrin

Decathlon 20WP

Diazinon

Diazinon 50W

Diazinon AG 500 (EPA Reg.# 51036-71)

Precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Diflubenzuron

Adept

Suppression; shade house; do not make more than four applications per crop. Do not apply to poinsettias, hibiscus, and Rieger begonia. Do not reuse potting media, which has been treated with Adept. Do not apply to plants grown on capillary water mats.

Dimilin 25W

Suppression; shade house

Dimilin SC

Suppression; shade house

Dinotefuran

Safari 20 SG

Greenhouse, giant, and silverleaf whitefly; nursery; broadcast (foliar) applications can not exceed a total of 2.7 lbs. of product (0.54 lb. a.i.) per acre per year.

Endosulfan

Endosulfan 3 EC

Endosulfan 50 WP

Thionex (Endosulfan) 3 EC

Thionex (Endosulfan) 50 WP

Do not exceed 3.0 lbs. a.i. per acre per year. On chrysanthemums, best results will be obtained if applied before plants flower.

Fenoxycarb

Precision

Silverleaf whitefly, sweet potato whitefly, greenhouse whitefly; container grown or shade house grown; will not control the adult stages of insect pests. Do not exceed a maximum of 30 applications per year for greenhouse use. Applications should not be made to poinsettia after bract formation.

Fenpropathrin

Tame 2.4EC

Silverleaf/sweetpotato whitefly (includes all instars and transitional stages [pupae]), greenhouse whitefly; nursery & shade house; do not use less than a 7 day re-treatment interval.

Imidacloprid

Marathon 1% Granular

Nursery; for outdoor ornamentals grown in beds, applications can not exceed a total of 40 lbs. per acre per year. On plants with a production cycle of less than 1 year, application is not to exceed a frequency of more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. On stock plants and woody crops with a production cycle of greater than 1 year, application may not exceed once a year.

Marathon 60 WP

Nursery; this product is to be applied as a soil treatment only. For outdoor ornamentals grown in beds applications can not exceed a total of 10.7 oz. (0.4 lbs. Active ingredient) per acre per year. On plants with a production cycle of less than 1 year, application is not to exceed a frequency of more than once each 16 weeks for a particular plant. On stock plants and woody crops with a production cycle of greater than 1 year, application may not exceed once a year.

Marathon II

For outdoor ornamentals do not apply more than 1.6 pt. (0.4 lbs. a.i.) per acre per year. Do not apply thru any type of irrigation system.

Malathion

Atrapa 5E

Gowan Malathion 8F

Malathion 5 EC

Malathion 57% Premium Grade

Novaluron

Pedestal

Container grown plants; nursery & shade house; do not apply more than once every 30 days. Do not make more than two applications per crop year. Do not apply more than 52 fl. oz. per acre per year per crop. Do not apply to poinsettias. Resistance management: Do not apply in successive applications, use only one application before rotation with other classes of insecticides with different modes of action. Use at least two alternative products between applications of Pedestal. Do not use more than once within each generation cycle.

Permethrin

Ambush 25W

Field grown nursery stock; do not apply more than 2.0 lbs. a.i. per acre per season. Marginal leaf burn may occur on: Salvia, dieffenbachia. Application to blooming plants may cause browning of petals.

Ambush

Pounce 25 WP

Pounce 3.2 EC

Pounce WSB

Field grown nursery stock

Clean Crop Permethrin 3.2 EC

Field grown nursery stock; marginal leaf burn may occur on: Salvia, dieffenbachia. Application to blooming plants may cause browning of petals. Avoid spraying chrysanthemum blooms.

Perm-Up 3.2 EC

Field grown nursery stock; marginal leaf burn may occur on: Salvia, dieffenbachia.

Permethrin Pro

Nursery stock; do not apply more than 2.0 lb. a.i. per acre per year.

Potassium Salts of Fatty Acids

AllPro Insecticidal Soap 40%

To achieve enhanced and residual control, use a 1-2% v/v solution of product in combination with recommended products. Tank mixes with products containing chlorothalonil should be avoided as they can cause severe phytotoxicity. If wilting occurs a few hours after application rinse with a clean water spray. Since applications may cause injury to flowers of some plant cultivars, test product on a few flowering plants.

Insecticidal Soap 49.52 CF

Caution: Do not use on new transplants, newly rooted cuttings, plants stressed by drought, or when tender new foliage is present. Avoid application when leaf temperature exceeds 85°F. Note: Do not use on crown of thorns and test on other euphorbias for phytotoxicity. Do not use on bleeding heart, lantana, lilies or sweetpeas. Some varieties of azaleas, begonias, camellias, fuschias, gardenias, orchids, and impatiens have shown sensitivity. Do not apply to poinsettias after bract coloration begins.Test on chrysanthemums for varietal sensitivity and do not apply to open blooms. Do not apply to ornamentals stressed by drought. Test on eugenia and euonymus for varietal and drought sensitivity.

M-Pede

Tank mixes with chlorothalonil should be avoided. Potential for injury increases on plants stressed by heat, humidity, drought, or insect, mite or disease pressure. Do not apply to very sensitive plants such as: Cherimoya, bleeding heart, or sweetpeas. The following may be sensitive: Crown of thorns and other euphorbia, fuchsia, gardenia, impatiens, Asiatic and oriental lily varieties, lantana, ornamental ivy, poinsettia, redbud, schefflera, zebra plant and some succulents. Flowers of the following may be injured when sprayed: African violet, ageratum, azalea, begonia, camellia, chrysanthemum, dahlia, geranium, gloxinia, impatiens, lily, marigold, orchid, pansy, petunia, poinsettia bracts, rose, salvia, snapdragon, vinca, and zinnia.

Pymetrozine Endeavor

For outdoor use, do not apply more than 48 oz. per acre per year.

Pyrethrins & Piperonyl Butoxide

EverGreen EC 60-6

Pyrenone Crop Spray

Pyreth-It

Pyrethrins, Piperonyl Butoxide & Silicon Dioxide

Diatect Multipurpose Insecticide II

Pyrethrins, Rotenone & other Cube Resins

Pyrellin E.C.

Apply in intervals of 7 days or less.

Pyridaben

Sanmite

Maximum seasonal use rate: Do not exceed 21.34 ounces per acre per year.

Pyriproxyfen

Distance IGR

Silverleaf whitefly, sweet potato whitefly, greenhouse whitefly; for foliar spray application, apply Distance no more than two times per cropping cycle or no more than two times per 6 months. For sprench application, if a second application is needed, allow a minimum of 21 days between applications. For drench application: Do not drench plants more than one time per crop cycle. Phytotoxicity has been observed on salvia (Salvia spp.), ghost plant (Graptopetalum paraguayense), schefflera (Schefflera spp.), gardenia (Gardenia spp.), and coral bells (Heuchera sanguinea). It is therefore recommended that Distance not be used on these plants. Do not apply to poinsettia after bract formation.

Refined Petroleum Distillate

Saf-T-Side Spray Oil

This insecticide's mode of action is through suffocation of eggs, larvae and nymphs of insects and adults of soft bodied insects. This mode of action necessitates total spray coverage. Bedding plants; do not use in combination with or immediately before or after spraying with fungicides such as captan, oxythioquinox or any product containing sulfur. Also do not use with carbaryl (Sevin) or dimethoate. Do not use with any product whose label recommends the use of no oils. Do not use in combination with NPK foliar fertilizer applications.

Ultra-Fine Oil

Caution: Spray no more than 4 consecutive sprays. The frequency of consecutive sprays should not exceed once every 2 weeks. Early morning applications are recommended. Do not tank mix with insecticide or miticide whose label indicates that it should not be used with oil. Do not use with captan, chlorothalonil, dimethoate, methiocarb, oxythioquinox, propargite, or any product containing sulfur. This list is not exhaustive; therefore for products not included in this list consult label for compatibility information.

Spiromesifen

Judo

Nymphs & pupal stages; shade house & nursery; phytotoxicity has been observed on geranuims (Pelargonium spp.) and impatiens (Impatiens spp.), it is recommended that Judo not be used on these. Resistance management: Using Judo in successive miticide applications during the same cropping cycle is not recommended. Do not apply Judo more than four times per season.

Tau-Fluvalinate

Mavrik Aquaflow

Repeat applications not more than four times per month at 5-7 day intervals unless otherwise noted in use directions.

Thiamethoxam

Flagship 25WG

Shade house, container & nursery grown; do not exceed 8 oz. per acre per crop or year, which ever is shorter.

Products labeled for use on specifically named flower crops (see product label for which crops are permitted):

Azadirachtin

Aza-Direct

Do not exceed 57 oz. of Aza-Direct per acre per application.

Diazinon

Diazinon 5WB

Diazinon Insecticide

Precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Diazinon AG500 (EPA Reg.# 5905-248)

Nurseries only. Precaution: Do not use on ferns, poinsettias, hibiscus, pilea, and gardenia since injury to the plants may occur.

Dimethoate

AllPro Cygon 2E

Dimethoate 267

Nurseries; do not use on ornamental plants not listed or on any ornamental stock plants grown as a source of propagation material such as cuttings, layers, root stocks or scions for grafting or budding. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Dimethoate 4 EC

Do not use on ornamental plants not listed on this label unless personal experience has shown to be safe. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Dimethoate 400

5 LB. Dimethoate

Do not use on ornamental plants not listed on this label unless personal experience has shown to be safe. Do not use on any ornamental stock plants grown as a source of propagation material, such as cuttings, layers, root stocks, or scions for grafting or budding. Do not use in mixtures containing oil.

Imidacloprid

Provado 1.6 Flowable

Edible-leaved and garland chrysanthemum; do not apply more than 18.75 fl.oz. per year as foliar sprays, and regardless of formulation or type of application. Do not apply more than 0.5 lbs. a.i. of Admire or Provado per acre per season. For resistance management foliar applications following soil application of Admire in the same crop is not recommended.

Naled

Dibrom 8 Emulsive

Adults; spotting, bronzing or localized burning can occur under certain climatic conditions such as slow drying and high humidity or stress caused by drought or high temperature. Do not spray on ornamental cherries, liquid amber, chrysanthemums or ornamental kale as injury may occur.

Refined Petroleum Distillate

JMS Stylet-Oil

Do not spray wet foliage. Do not spray when freezing temperatures are anticipated within 48 hours of an oil application, above 90° F, or when plants are under heat or moisture stress. Do not tank mix with spreader stickers, Nu-Film-P, or Nu-Film-17, highly ionized nutrient spray materials.

1 Usually only one example of each formulation is given. There may be other products available that are as effective as those listed.

2 Notes are taken from product labels and restrict use to the condition indicated (suppression, beet armyworm, exposed thrips, etc.), limit number or patterns of applications, provide phytotoxicity precautions, etc.

Footnotes

1.

This document is ENY-655, one of a series of the Entomology & Nematology Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Published: December 2001. Revised: November 2005. For more publications related to horticulture/agriculture, please visit the EDIS Website at http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu.

2.

James F. Price, associate professor, Curtis Nagle, biologist, Entomology and Nematology Department, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, Cooperative Extension Service, Insititute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Wimauma, FL; and Elzie McCord, Jr., assistant professor of biology, Division of Natural Sciences, New College of Florida, Sarasota, FL.


The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) is an Equal Opportunity Institution authorized to provide research, educational information and other services only to individuals and institutions that function with non-discrimination with respect to race, creed, color, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, political opinions or affiliations. For more information on obtaining other extension publications, contact your county Cooperative Extension service.

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Florida, IFAS, Florida A. & M. University Cooperative Extension Program, and Boards of County Commissioners Cooperating. Millie Ferrer, Interim Dean.


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