HS726/CV124: Chapter 8. Eggplant Production

Botany and Planting

Eggplant, Oriental, Thai, and Indian eggplant—Solanum melongena

Table 1. Planting information for eggplant.

Planting Dates	Eggplant	Japanese/Chinese/Indian Eggplant	Thai Eggplant
North Florida	Aug; Feb–Mar	Feb–Mar	Feb–Mar
Central Florida	Aug–Sept; Jan–Feb	Aug–Sept; Jan–Feb	Aug–Sept; Jan–Feb
South Florida	Aug–Feb	Aug–Feb	Aug–Feb
Planting Information
Distance between rows (in)	36–72	36–72	36–72
Distance between plants (in)	18–40	18–40	36–60
Seeding depth (in)	0.5–0.75	0.5–0.75	0.5–0.75
Seed per acre to seed (lb)	1	0.25–0.5	0.25–0.5
Seed per acre to transplant (lb)	0.25–0.50
Days to maturity from seed	90–115
Days to maturity from transplant	70–90
Plant population (acre)	9,680	9,680	9,680

Information on “Asian” solanums is included in this chapter. The Asian solanum group includes three types of eggplant and bird’s eye pepper (Thai pepper). Pea eggplant, which was discussed in previous editions of this handbook, is on the Federal Noxious Weed list, so it is not included in the current version. The harvestable product includes fruits that are eaten at the immature or mature stage. All can be grown on raised beds with or without plastic mulch, using either drip or subsurface irrigation. As with most eggplants, these types tend to be short-lived perennials, especially the Thai eggplant, which is a relatively compact, stocky plant. They can be severely pruned or ratooned and allowed to regrow if staking does not prohibit this operation. Fertilizer recommendations for eggplant should be used for the three types of eggplant, while those for peppers should be followed for bird’s eye peppers. These crops can be started from seed or transplants. All the indeterminate types of eggplant need some type of staking support.

Cultivars

For more information on eggplant variety descriptions and disease resistance, see EDIS publication HS1243, “Conventional and Specialty Eggplant Varieties in Florida,” at https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/HS1243.

Disease Key: CM = cucumber mosaic, ToM = tomato mosaic, R = resistant, IR = intermediate resistance, T = tolerant.

Traditional Types

Classic. Erect, vigorous plant; glossy deep-purple-black elongated-oval, green-calyxed fruit; medium-tall upright plant; fancy fruit appearance. Heavy yields of high-quality fruit. Does not perform well in cooler weather. R to ToM.

Nadia. Oval, long, vigorous plant with good fruit set under cool conditions. Very firm, attractive, purple-black fruit with long harvest period, and sets well under cool conditions.

Night Shadow. Elongate oval, widely adapted with high-yield potential. Strong plants produce firm fruit that maintain rich, dark glossy black color right through harvest. R to ToM.

Specialty Types

Birgah. A Sicilian-style eggplant with a round, heavy, firm fruit, deep-purple color, sweet taste, and white flesh.

Ghostbuster. Hybrid variety that produces oval-shaped white fruit 6–7 inches long.

Italian Pink. Open-pollinated cultivar; oval fruit; cream/rose color; mature fruit color is rose pink, purple calyx.

Megal. Italian cylindrical fruit; purple-black color, very uniform; excellent shelf life and flavor; few spines; early maturity. R to CM, ToM.

Millionaire. Slender, oriental type; dark-purple fruit color; purple calyx; early maturing.

Vitoria. Very long cylindrical, deep-purple Imperial type; green calyx; mild flavor. R to ToM.

Zebra. Elongated oval; purple with white stripes; very attractive with good flavor.

Table 2. Ethnic eggplant cultivars.

Oriental (Japanese) Eggplant
Black Shine	Money Maker 2
Hybrid Mangan
Oriental (Chinese) Eggplant
Bride Hybrid	Ma-Zu Purple
Hybrid Purple Charm
Thai Eggplant
White: Hybrid White Ball	Purple: Round Purple
Green: Green Beauty	Variegated: Hybrid Tiger
Purple: Hybrid Violet Prince	Variegated: Petch Slam
Indian Eggplant (Dark, Wine-Colored)
Hybrid Bharata	Hybrid Chu-Chu

View Table

The following tables list registered pesticides that should be integrated with other pest management methods. Additional information on integrated management methods can be requested from UF/IFAS Extension horticulture or agriculture agents. A list of local UF/IFAS Extension offices is available at https://sfyl.ifas.ufl.edu/find-your-local-office/.

Table 3. Herbicides approved for managing weeds in eggplant. Contact: Nathan S. Boyd, UF/IFAS Gulf Coast Research and Education Center.

Active Ingredient lb a.i./Acre	Trade Name Product/Acre	MOA Code	Weeds Controlled/Remarks
Labels change frequently. Be sure to read a current product label before applying any chemical.
*PRETRANSPLANT/PREEMERGENCE*
Bensulide 5.0–6.0	(Prefar) 4 E 5–6 qt	8	Annual broadleaves and grasses. Incorporate 2–4 inches with mechanical cultivation or irrigation.
Carfentrazone up to 0.031	(Aim) 2 EC up to 2 fl oz	14	Apply as a preplant burndown for emerged broadleaf weeds up to 4 inches tall or rosettes less than 3 inches across. Good coverage is essential. A nonionic surfactant, methylated seed oil, or crop oil concentrate is recommended. No pretransplant interval.
Flumioxazin up to 0.128	(Chateau) EZ up to 4 fl oz	14	Annual broadleaves. Apply to row middles of raised plastic-mulched beds that are at least 4 inches higher than the treated row middles and 24-inch bed width. Label is a Third-Party Registration (TPR, Inc.). Use without a signed authorization and waiver of liability is a misuse of the product. Tank-mix with a burndown herbicide to control emerged weeds.
Glufosinate up to 1.24	(Rely) 280 Up to 64 fl oz	10	Broadleaf, grass, and nutsedge burndown. Apply preplant to bare soil, preplant to plastic mulch beds, or preplant to areas between beds. Rate varies with use. 30-day PHI.
Glyphosate	(various formulations) consult labels	9	Emerged broadleaves, grasses, and nutsedge. Apply preplant. Consult label for individual product directions.
Halosulfuron 0.024–0.05	(Sandea, Profine) 75 DF 0.5–1.0 oz	2	Broadleaves and yellow/purple nutsedge. Apply to row middles only. Do not exceed 2 oz/A per 12-month period. 30-day PHI.
Lactofen 0.25–0.5	(Cobra) 2 EC 16–32 fl oz	14	Broadleaves. Label is a Third-Party Registration (TPR, Inc.). Use without a signed authorization and waiver of liability is a misuse of the product. Apply to row middles only with shielded or hooded sprayers. Excessive injury occurs when product contacts green foliage or fruit. Drift of lactofen-treated soil particles onto plants can cause injury. Limit of 1 PRE and 1 POST application per growing season. 30-day PHI.
Napropamide 1.0–2.0	(Devrinol) DF-XT 2.0–4.0 lb (Devrinol) 2-XT 2–4 qt	15	Annual broadleaves and grasses. Transplanted eggplant only. Use the lower rate on light soils (coarse-textured–sandy). Do not apply more than 4 lb/A per crop cycle.
Paraquat 0.5–1.0	(Gramoxone) 2 SL 2.0–4.0 pt (Firestorm) 3 SL 1.3–2.7 pt	22	Emerged broadleaf and grass weeds. Apply as a preplant burndown treatment. Surfactant recommended. Consult label for new restrictions.
Pelargonic acid	(Scythe) 4.2 EC 3%–10% v/v	27	Emerged broadleaves and grasses. Apply as a preplant burndown treatment. Product is a contact, nonselective, foliar-applied herbicide with no residual control. May be tank-mixed with soil residual compounds.
Pendimethalin 0.48–0.72	(Prowl H20) 3.8 1.0–1.5 pt	3	Broadleaves and grasses. Apply to row middles or under the plastic. Do not exceed 3.0 pt/A per year. 70-day PHI.
Pyraflufen 0.001–0.003	(ET Herbicide) 0.208 EC 0.5–2.0 fl oz	14	Emerged broadleaves less than 4 inches tall or rosettes less than 3 inches diameter. Apply as a preplant burndown treatment. Nonionic surfactant or crop oil concentrate recommended.
S-metolachlor 0.64–0.95	(Dual Magnum) 7.62 EC 0.67–1.0 pt	15	Annual broadleaves, grasses, and yellow/purple nutsedge suppression. Label is a Third-Party Registration (TPR, Inc.). Use without a signed authorization and waiver of liability is a misuse of the product. Apply to the finished bed immediately before laying the plastic or to row middles using a shielded applicator. Do not exceed 1.68 pt/A of Dual Magnum per crop cycle. 60-day PHI.
Sulfentrazone 0.09	Willowood Sulfentrazone 3 fl oz	14	Broadleaves, grasses, and nutsedge species. Apply under the plastic mulch or in row middles. Do not use on soils with less than 1% organic matter.
Trifluralin 0.5	(Treflan, Triflurex) 4 EC 1 pt	3	Annual broadleaves and grasses. Do not apply in Dade County. Incorporate 4 inches or less within 8 hr of application. Results in Florida are erratic on soils with low organic matter and clay contents. Do not apply after transplanting. Not all trifluralin herbicides are labeled in eggplant, so consult labels before application.
* POSTTRANSPLANT *
Carfentrazone up to 0.031	(Aim) 2 EC up to 2 fl oz	14	Emerged broadleaves. Apply as a hooded application to row middles only. Do not exceed 6.1 fl oz/A per cropping season. A nonionic surfactant, methylated seed oil, or crop oil concentrate is recommended. 0-day PHI.
Clethodim 0.09–0.13 0.07–0.25	Arrow) 2 EC (Select Max) 1 EC 9–16 fl oz	1	Perennial and annual grasses. In fields with heavy grass pressure or larger grass weeds, use higher rates or repeat applications 14 days apart. Use a crop oil concentrate at 1% v/v or a nonionic surfactant with Select Max. 20-day PHI.
Diquat 0.5	(Reglone Dessiccant) 1 qt	22	Broadleaves and grasses. Apply to row middles only. Maximum of 2 applications per season. Prevent drift to crop. Nonionic surfactant recommended. 30-day PHI.
Glufosinate up to 1.24	(Rely) 280 Up to 64 oz	10	Broadleaf, grass, and nutsedge burndown. Apply post-emergence to weeds present between rows of established eggplant. Use shielded applicator. 30-day PHI.
Halosulfuron 0.024–0.05	(Sandea, Profine) 75 DF 0.5–1.0 oz	2	Broadleaves and yellow/purple nutsedge. Apply to row middles only. Include a nonionic surfactant. Do not exceed 2 oz/A per 12-month period. 30-day PHI.
Lactofen 0.25–0.5	(Cobra) 2 EC 16–32 fl oz	14	Broadleaves. Apply to row middles only with shielded or hooded sprayers. Excessive injury can occur when lactofen contacts green foliage or fruit. Drift of lactofen-treated soil particles onto plants can cause contact injury. Limit of 1 PRE and 1 POST application per growing season. Surfactant recommended. 30-day PHI.
Paraquat 0.5	(Gramoxone) 2 SL 2.0 pt (Firestorm) 3 SL 1.3 pt	22	Emerged broadleaves and grasses. Direct spray over emerged weeds 1–6 inches tall in row middles between mulched beds. Use low pressure and shields to control drift. Do not apply more than 3 times per season. Nonionic surfactant recommended. Consult label for new restrictions.
Pelargonic acid	(Scythe) 4.2 EC 3%–10% v/v	27	Emerged broadleaves and grasses. Direct spray to row middles. Product is a contact, nonselective, foliar-applied herbicide with no residual control. May be tank-mixed with several soil residual compounds.
Pendimethalin 0.48–0.72	(Prowl H20) 3.8 1.0–1.5 pt	3	Broadleaves and grasses. May be applied posttransplant to row middles if previously untreated. Do not exceed 3.0 pt/A per year. 70-day PHI.
Sethoxydim 0.19–0.28	(Poast) 1.5 EC 1.0–1.5 pt	1	Actively growing grasses. A total of 4.5 pt/A applied in 1 season. Unsatisfactory results may occur if applied to grasses under stress. Crop oil concentrate recommended. 20-day PHI.
S-metolachlor 0.95	(Dual Magnum) 7.62 EC 1.0 pt	15	Annual broadleaves and grasses. Yellow/purple nutsedge suppression. Label is a Third-Party Registration (TPR, Inc.). Use without a signed authorization and waiver of liability is a misuse of the product. Direct spray solution to row middles only. Do not exceed 1.68 pt/A of Dual Magnum per crop. 60-day PHI.
* POSTHARVEST *
Diquat 0.5	(Reglone Dessiccant) 2.0 pt	22	Minimum of 35 gal/A. Thorough coverage is required. Nonionic surfactant recommended.

View Table

Table 4. Insecticides approved for management of arthropod pests of eggplant. Contact: Craig Frey, UF/IFAS Extension Hendry County.

Insect	MOA Code¹	Trade Name (Active Ingredient)*Restricted	Rate Product/Acre	Rate per Season	Days to Harvest	REI (Hours)	Remarks
Labels change frequently. Be sure to read a current product label before applying any chemical. Please refer to chapter 19 for information on biopesticides, including materials labeled for certified organic production.
Aphids (Including green peach aphid, potato aphid, aphids transmitting viruses)	1A	Lannate LV; SP (methomyl)	LV: 0.75–3.0 pt SP: 0.25–1.0 lb	No more than 15 pt/A per crop.	5	48	No more than 10 applications per crop.
	1A	*Vydate L (oxamyl)	Foliar: 2–4 pt	No more than 16 pt/A	1	48
	1B	*Dibrom 8 EC (naled)	1 pt	No more than 1 pt/A	1	48	Do not apply when temperature is over 90°F.
	1B	Malathion 8F (malathion)	1.56 pt	No more than 6.24 pt/A.	3	12	Maximum number of applications is 4.
	3A	*Baythroid XL (beta-cyfluthrin)	1.6–2.8 fl oz	No more than 16.8 fl oz/A.	7	12	Do not apply at less than 7-day intervals.
	3A	*Proaxis Insecticide (gamma-cyhalothrin)	1.92–3.84 fl oz	No more than 2.88 pt /A.	5	24
	3A	Pyganic Crop Protection EC 5.0 (pyrethrins)	4.5–18.0 fl oz	11.25 pt	0	12	Pyrethrins degrade rapidly in sunlight. Thorough coverage is important. OMRI-listed². Do not apply more than 10 times per season.
	3A	*Warrior II (lambda-cyhalothrin)	0.96–1.92 fl oz	No more than 0.36 lb a.i./A.	5	24
	3A + 4A	*Endigo ZC (lambda-cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam)	4.0–4.5 fl oz	No more than 19.0 fl oz/A	5	24	This product can kill bees and other insect pollinators.
	4A	Actara (thiamethoxam)	2.0–5.5 oz	No more than 11 oz/ A.	0	12	Do not use if a soil application of a neonicotinoid has been used.
	4A	Admire Pro (imidacloprid) (for rates for other brands, see labels)	7–10.5 fl oz	No more than 10.5 fl oz/A.	21	12	Risk to bees and other insect pollinators; follow application restrictions. Most effective if applied to soil at transplanting.
	4A	Admire Pro (imidacloprid)	0.44 fl oz/10,000 plants		21	12	Planthouse: 1 application. See label.
	4A	Assail 30 SG (acetamiprid)	1.5–4.0 oz	No more than 16.0 oz/A, including any pretransplant applications of acetamiprid.	7	12	Begin applications for whiteflies when first adults are noticed. Do not apply more than 4 times per season or apply more often than every 7 days.
	4A	Belay 50 WDG (clothianidin)	1.6–3.2 oz	No more than 6.4 oz /A	7	12	Do not use an adjuvant. Toxic to bees. Do not release irrigation water from the treated area.
	4A	Belay 50 WDG (clothianidin)	Soil: 4.8–6.4 oz	Do not apply more than 6.4 oz/A.	Apply at planting	12	Do not release irrigation water from the treated area.
	4A	Platinum (thiamethoxam)	5.0–11.0 fl oz	Do not exceed a total of 11 fl oz/A per growing season.	30	12	For most crops that are not on the label, a 120-day plant-back interval must be observed. To manage resistance, avoid using related pesticides (Actara, Assail) in conjunction with Platinum.
	4A	Platinum 75SG (thiamethoxam)	1.66–3.67 oz	Do not exceed a total of 3.67 oz/A per growing season.	30	12	For most crops that are not on the label, a 120-day plant-back interval must be observed. To manage resistance, avoid using related pesticides (Actara, Assail) in conjunction with Platinum.
	4A	Provado 1.6F (imidacloprid)	3.8–6.2 oz	Maximum per crop per season 19.2 fl oz/A.	0	12	Do not apply if imidacloprid or thiamethoxam have been used at planting.
	4A	Scorpion 35SL Insecticide (dinotefuran)	Foliar: 2–7 fl oz Soil: 9–10.5 fl oz	Do not apply more than 10.5 fl oz/A as foliar sprays or more than 21 fl oz to soil.	Foliar: 1 Soil: 21	12	Use only 1 application method.
	4A	Venom Insecticide (dinotefuran)	Foliar: 1–4 oz Soil: 5–6.0 oz	Do not apply more than 6 oz foliar or 12 oz soil.	Foliar: 1 Soil: 21	12	Do not use both application methods. No more than 3 applications per season.
	4A + 28	Durivo (thiamethoxam + chlorantraniliprole)	10–13 oz	Do not exceed a total of 13 fl oz/A.	30	12	May be applied to soil by 1 of several methods—see label.
	4A + 28	Voliam Flexi (thiamethoxam + chlorantraniliprole)	4.0–7.0 oz	Limited to 14 oz/A per growing season.	1	12
	4D	Sivanto Prime (flupyradifurone)	7.0–14.0 fl oz	Do not apply more than 28.0 fl oz/A per year.	1	4	Minimum interval between applications: 7 days.
	9B	Fulfill (pymetrozine)	2.75 oz	Do not apply more than 5.5 oz/A per crop.	0	12	Apply before populations build to damaging levels. Minimum of 7 days between applications. Do not make more than 2 applications.
	9B	PQZ (pyrifluquinazon)	2.4–3.2 fl oz	Do not apply more than 4.8 fl oz/A (0.070 lb a.i./A) per crop cycle. Do not apply more than 9.6 fl oz/A (0.140 lb a.i./A) per year.	1	12	Do not apply by air. Do not make more than 2 applications per crop cycle. Do not make more than 4 applications per year.
	9C	Beleaf 50 SG (flonicamid)	2.0–2.8 oz	Do not apply more than 8.4 oz/A.	0	12	Begin applications before pests reach damaging levels.
	9D	Sefina Inscalis Insecticide (afidopyropen)	3.0 fl oz	Do not apply more than 28 fl oz/A of Sefina (0.09 lb a.i./A afidopyropen).	0	12	Do not make more than 2 sequential applications of Sefina before using an effective insecticide with a different mode of action.
	23	Movento (spirotetramat)	4.0–5.0 fl oz	Maximum of 10 fl oz/A.	1	24
	28	Exirel (cyantraniliprole)	13.5–20.5 fl oz	Do not apply more than 0.4 lb a.i./A per crop.	1	12	Risk to bees and other pollinators; follow application restriction. Minimum application interval between treatments is 5 days.
	28	Verimark (cyantraniliprole)	6.75–13.5 fl oz	Do not apply more than 0.4 lb a.i./A per crop.	1	4
	-	Aza-Direct (azadirachtin)	1–2 pt, up to 3.5 pt if needed		0	4	Antifeedant, repellant, IGR (insect growth regulator). OMRI-listed².
	-	Azatin XL (azadirachtin)	5–21 oz		0	4	Antifeedant, repellant, IGR.
	-	BotaniGard ES (Beauveria bassiana strain GHA)	0.25–1 qt/A. Apply in sufficient water to cover foliage, typically 5–100 gal/A.		0	4	May be used in greenhouses. Compatible in tank mixes with some fungicides.
	-	Molt-X (azadirachtin)	10 fl oz		0	4	Antifeedant, repellant, IGR. OMRI-listed².
	-	M-Pede 49% EC (soap, insecticidal)	1%–2% v/v		0	12	OMRI-listed².
	-	Mycotrol ESO (Beauveria bassiana strain GHA)	0.25–1 qt/A. Apply in sufficient water to cover foliage, typically 5–100 gal/A.		0	4	May be used in greenhouses. Compatible in tank mixes with some fungicides. OMRI-listed².
	-	PFR-97 (Isaria fumosorosea Apopka strain 97)	1.0–2.0 lb		0	4	Repeat applications at 3–10 days are needed to maintain control. Can be used in greenhouse for food crop transplants raised to be planted into the field. OMRI-listed².
	-	Requiem 25EC (extract of Chenopodium ambrosioides)	2–4 qt		0	4	Begin applications before pests reach damaging levels.
	-	SuffOil-X (mineral oil)	1–2 gal/100 gal of water.		0	4	OMRI-listed².
	-	Ultra-Fine Oil JMS Stylet-Oil Saf-T-Side (oil, insecticidal)	1–2 gal/100 gal of water JMS: 3–6 qt/100 gal		0	4	Do not exceed 4 applications per season. Stylet-Oil will not control aphids or beetles. Organic Stylet-Oil and Saf-T-Side are OMRI-listed².
Beetles (including blister beetle, Colorado potato beetle, cucumber beetle, flea beetle)	1A	Carbaryl 4L (carbaryl)	0.5–2 qt	Do not apply more than a total of 8 qt/A per crop per year.	3	12	Toxic to honeybees and other bees.
	1A	Sevin 80 S; XLR; 4F (carbaryl)	80S: 0.63–2.5 lb XLR, 4F: 0.5–2 qt	Do not apply more than 10 lb/A or 8 qt/A per crop.	3	12	Do not apply more than 7 times. Applications must be at least 7 days apart. Do not apply to crops or weeds in bloom.
	1A	*Vydate L (oxamyl)	Foliar: 2–4 pt	Do not apply more than 24 pt/A.	1	48
	1B	*Dibrom 8 EC (naled)	1 pt	Do not apply more than 6 pt/A.	1	48	Apply no more than 1 pt/acre in Florida. Do not apply when temperature is over 90°F.
	3A	*Ambush 25W (permethrin)	6.4–12.8 oz	Do not apply more than 2 lb a.i./A (128 oz).	3	12
	3A	*Asana XL (0.66 EC) (esfenvalerate)	5.8–9.6 fl oz	Do not apply more than 0.35 lb a.i./A.	7	12
	3A	*Baythroid XL (beta-cyfluthrin)	1.6–2.8 fl oz	Do not apply more than 16.8 fl oz/A.	7	12	Do not apply at less than 7-day intervals.
	3A	*Brigade 2EC (bifenthrin)	2.1–6.4 fl oz	Do not apply more than 0.2 lb a.i./A.	7	12	Do not make applications less than 7 days apart.
	3A	*Hero (bifenthrin + zeta-cypermethrin)	4.5–11.2 oz	Do not apply more than 43.26 fl oz/A.	7	12
	3A	*Mustang (zeta-cypermethrin)	2.4–4.3 oz	Do not apply more than 0.3 lb a.i./A.	1	12	Do not make applications less than 7 days apart.
	3A	*Pounce 25 W (permethrin)	6.4–9.6 oz	Do not apply more than 0.6 lb a.i./A.	3	12
	3A	*Proaxis Insecticide (gamma-cyhalothrin)	1.92–3.84 fl oz	Do not apply more than 2.88 pt/A.	5	24
	3A	Pyganic Crop Protection EC 5.0 (pyrethrins)	4.5–18.0 fl oz	11.25 pt	0	12	Pyrethrins degrade rapidly in sunlight. Thorough coverage is important. OMRI-listed². Do not apply more than 10 times per season.
	3A + 4A	*Endigo ZC (lambda-cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam)	4.0–4.5 fl oz	Do not exceed a total of 19.0 fl oz/A.	5	24	This product can kill bees and other insect pollinators.
	3A + 28	*Besiege (lambda-cyhalothrin + chlorantraniliprole)	5.0–9.0 fl oz	Do not exceed a total of 31 fl oz/A of Besiege per year.	5	24
	4A	Actara (thiamethoxam)	2.0–3.0 oz	Maximum of 11 oz/A.	0	12	Do not use if a soil application of a neonicotinoid has been used.
	4A	Admire Pro (imidacloprid) (for rates for other brands, see labels)	7–10.5 fl oz	Maximum 10.5 fl oz/A per crop per season.	21	12	Application restrictions exist for this product because of risk to bees and other insect pollinators. Follow application restrictions found in the directions for use to protect pollinators. Most effective if applied to soil at transplanting.
	4A	Assail 30 SG (acetamiprid)	1.5–4.0 oz	Do not exceed a total of 16.0 oz/A per growing season, including any pretransplant applications of acetamiprid.	7	12	Do not apply more than 4 times per season or apply more often than every 7 days.
	4A	Belay 50 WDG (clothianidin)	1.6–3.2 oz	Do not apply more than 6.4 oz/A.	7	12	Do not use an adjuvant. Toxic to bees. Do not release irrigation water from the treated area.
	4A	Platinum (thiamethoxam)	5.0–11.0 fl oz	Do not exceed a total of 11 fl oz/A per growing season.	30	12	For most crops that are not on the label, a 120-day plant-back interval must be observed. To manage resistance, avoid using related pesticides (Actara, Assail) in conjunction with Platinum.
	4A	Platinum 75SG (thiamethoxam)	1.66–3.67 oz	Do not exceed a total of 3.67 oz/A per growing season.	30	12	For most crops that are not on the label, a 120-day plant-back interval must be observed. To manage resistance, avoid using related pesticides (Actara, Assail) in conjunction with Platinum.
	4A	Provado 1.6F (imidacloprid)	3.8–6.2 oz	Maximum per crop per season 19.2 fl oz/A.	0	12	Do not apply if imidacloprid or thiamethoxam have been used at planting.
	4A	Scorpion 35SL Insecticide (dinotefuran)	Foliar: 2–7 fl oz Soil: 9–10.5 fl oz	Do not apply more than 10.5 fl oz/A as foliar sprays or more than 21 fl oz to soil.	Foliar: 1 Soil: 21	12	Use only 1 application method.
	4A	Venom Insecticide (dinotefuran)	Foliar: 1–4 oz Soil: 5–6.0 oz	Do not apply more than 6 oz foliar or 12 oz soil.	Foliar: 1 Soil: 21	12	Do not use both application methods. No more than 3 applications per season.
	4A + 28	Durivo (thiamethoxam + chlorantraniliprole)	10–13 oz	Do not exceed a total of 13 fl oz/A.	30	12	May be applied to soil by one of several methods—see label.
	4A + 28	Voliam Flexi (thiamethoxam + chlorantraniliprole)	4.0–7.0 oz	Limited to 14 oz/A per growing season.	1	12
	4D	Sivanto Prime (flupyradifurone)	7.0–14.0 fl oz	Do not apply more than 28.0 fl oz/A per year.	1	4	Minimum interval between applications: 7 days.
	5	Entrust SC (spinosad)	1.5–10 fl oz	Do not use more than 29 oz/A per crop.	1	4	Do not apply to seedlings grown for transplant. OMRI-listed².
	5	Radiant SC (spinetoram)	5–10 fl oz	Maximum of 34 fl oz/A.	1	4
	6	*Agri-Mek SC (abamectin)	1.7–3.5 fl oz	Do not apply more than 10.25 fl oz/A in a growing season.	7	12	Do not make more than 2 sequential applications. Must be used with a nonionic activator-type wetting, spreading, or penetrating adjuvant.
	15	Rimon 0.83EC (novaluron)	9–12 fl oz	Do not apply more than 36 fl oz/A.	1	12	Do not use with an adjuvant.
	28	Coragen (rynaxypyr)	3.5–7.5 fl oz	Do not apply more than 15.4 fl oz/A per crop.	1	4	Can be applied by drip chemigation or as a soil application at planting as well as a foliar spray. See label. For hornworms, can use as little as 2.0 fl oz/A when applied as a foliar spray.
	28	Exirel (cyantraniliprole)	7.0–13.5 fl oz		1	12	For control of Colorado potato beetle. This product has pollinator protection warning information on the label.
	28	Verimark (cyantraniliprole)	6.75–13.5 fl oz	Do not apply more than 0.4 lb a.i./A per crop.	1	4	Colorado potato beetle and flea beetles
	-	Aza-Direct (azadirachtin)	1–2 pt, up to 3.5 pt if needed		0	4	Antifeedant, repellant, IGR. OMRI-listed².
	-	Azatin XL (azadirachtin)	5–21 oz		0	4	Antifeedant, repellant, IGR. See label for rates for specific pests.
	-	Neemix 4.5 (azadirachtin)	4–16 fl oz		0	12	IGR and feeding repellant. OMRI-listed².
	-	SuffOil-X (mineral oil)	1–2 gal/100 gal of water.		0	4	OMRI-listed².
Caterpillars (including cabbage looper, imported cabbageworm, corn earworm, garden webworm, hornworms, tobacco budworm, tomato fruitworm, beet armyworm, fall armyworm, southern armyworm)	1A	Carbaryl 4L (carbaryl)	0.5–2 qt	Do not apply more than a total of 8 qt/A per crop per year.	3	12	Toxic to honeybees and other bees.
	1A	Lannate LV; SP (methomyl)	LV: 0.75–3.0 pt SP: 0.25–1.0 lb	LV: No more than 15 pt/A per crop. SP: No more than 5 lb/A per crop.	5	48	No more than 10 applications per crop.
	1A	Sevin 80 S; XLR; 4F (carbaryl)	80S: 0.63–2.5 lb XLR, 4F: 0.5–2 qt	Do not apply more than 10 lb/A or 8 qt/A per crop.	3	12	Do not apply more than 7 times. Applications must be at least 7 days apart. Do not apply to crops or weeds in bloom.
	3A	*Ambush 25W (permethrin)	6.4–12.8 oz	Do not apply more than 2 lb a.i./A (128 oz).	3	12
	3A	*Asana XL (0.66 EC) (esfenvalerate)	5.8–9.6 fl oz	Do not apply more than 0.35 lb a.i./A.	7	12
	3A	*Baythroid XL (beta-cyfluthrin)	1.6–2.8 fl oz	Maximum amount per season: 16.8 fl oz/A.	7	12	Do not apply at less than 7-day intervals.
	3A	*Brigade 2EC (bifenthrin)	2.1–6.4 fl oz	Do not apply more than 0.2 lb a.i./A.	7	12	Do not make applications less than 7 days apart.
	3A	*Danitol 2.4 EC (fenpropathrin)	10.67 fl oz	Do not exceed 42.67 fl oz/A total application.	3	24	Maximum of 4 applications (0.8 lb a.i./A) per season.
	3A	*Hero (bifenthrin + zeta-cypermethrin)	4.5–11.2 oz	Do not apply more than 43.26 fl oz/A.	7	12
	3A	*Mustang (zeta-cypermethrin)	2.4–4.3 oz	Do not apply more than 0.3 lb a.i./A.	1	12	Do not make applications less than 7 days apart.
	3A	*Pounce 25 W (permethrin)	6.4–9.6 oz	Do not apply more than 0.6 lb a.i./A.	3	12
	3A	*Proaxis Insecticide (gamma-cyhalothrin)	1.92–3.84 fl oz	Do not apply more than 2.88 pt/A.	5	24
	3A	Pyganic Crop Protection EC 5.0 (pyrethrins)	4.5–18.0 fl oz	11.25 pt	0	12	Pyrethrins degrade rapidly in sunlight. Thorough coverage is important. OMRI-listed². Do not apply more than 10 times per season.
	3A	*Warrior II (lambda-cyhalothrin)	0.96–1.92 fl oz	Do not apply more than 0.36 lb a.i./A.	5	24
	3A + 4A	*Endigo ZC (lambda-cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam)	4.0–4.5 fl oz	Do not exceed a total of 19.0 fl oz/A.	5	24	This product can kill bees and other insect pollinators.
	3A + 28	*Besiege (lambda-cyhalothrin + chlorantraniliprole)	5.0–9.0 fl oz	Do not exceed a total of 31 fl oz/A of Besiege per year.	5	24
	4A + 28	Durivo (thiamethoxam + chlorantraniliprole)	10–13 oz	Do not exceed a total of 13 fl oz/A.	30	12	May be applied to soil by one of several methods—see label.
	4A + 28	Voliam Flexi (thiamethoxam + chlorantraniliprole)	4.0–7.0 oz	Limited to 14 oz/A per growing season.	1	12
	5	Entrust SC (spinosad)	1.5–10 fl oz	Do not use more than 29 oz/A per crop.	1	4	Do not apply to seedlings grown for transplant. OMRI-listed².
	5	Radiant SC (spinetoram)	5–10 fl oz	Maximum of 34 fl oz/A.	1	4
	6	*Proclaim (emamectin benzoate)	2.4–4.8 oz	No more than 28.8 oz/A.	7	12
	6 + 28	*Minecto Pro (abamectin + cyantraniliprole)	5.5–10 fl oz	Do not apply more than 20 fl oz/A per year.	7	24	This label contains pollinator warnings.
	11A	Biobit HP (Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki)	0.5–2.0 lb		0	4	Treat when larvae are young. Good coverage is essential. Can be used in the greenhouse. OMRI-listed².
	11A	Crymax WDG (Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki)	0.5–2.0 lb		0	4	Use high rate for armyworms. Treat when larvae are young. Not for organic production.
	11A	Deliver (Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki)	0.25–1.5 lb		0	4	Use higher rates for armyworms. OMRI- listed².
	11A	DiPel DF (Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki)	0.5–2.0 lb		0	4	Treat when larvae are young. Good coverage is essential. Can be used in greenhouses. OMRI-listed².
	11A	Javelin WG (Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki)	0.12–1.50 lb		0	4	Treat when larvae are young. Thorough coverage is essential. OMRI-listed².
	11A	Xentari DF (Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies aizawai)	0.5–2.0 lb		0	4	Treat when larvae are young. Thorough coverage is essential. May be used in the greenhouse. Can be used in organic production.
	15	Rimon 0.83EC (novaluron)	9–12 fl oz	Do not apply more than 36 fl oz/A per season.	1	12	Do not use with an adjuvant.
	18	Confirm 2F (tebufenozide)	6–16 fl oz	Do not apply more than 64 oz.	7	4	Do not apply more than 16 oz per application.
	18	Intrepid 2F (methoxyfenozide)	4–16 fl oz	Do not apply more than 64 oz.	1	4	Do not apply more than 16 oz per application.
	28	Coragen (chlorantraniliprole/rynaxypyr)	3.5–7.5 fl oz	Do not apply more than 15.4 fl oz/A per crop.	1	4	Can be applied by drip chemigation or as a soil application at planting as well as a foliar spray. See label. For hornworms, can use as little as 2.0 fl oz/A when applied as a foliar spray.
	28	Exirel (cyantraniliprole)	7–20.5 fl oz	Do not apply a total of more than 0.4 lb a.i./A per crop.	1	12	Application restrictions exist for this product because of risk to bees and other pollinators. Follow application restrictions found in the directions for use to protect pollinators. Minimum application interval between treatments is 5 days.
	28	Verimark (cyantraniliprole)	5–13.5 fl oz	Do not apply more than 0.4 lb a.i./A per crop.	1	4
	-	Aza-Direct (azadirachtin)	1–2 pt, up to 3.5 pt if needed		0	4	Antifeedant, repellant, IGR. OMRI-listed².
	-	Azatin XL (azadirachtin)	5–21 oz		0	4	Antifeedant, repellant, IGR. See label for rates for specific pests.
	-	Checkmate TPW-F (pheromone)	1.2–6.0 fl oz		0	0	For mating disruption of tomato pinworm. See label for details of use.
	-	Grandevo (Chromobacterium subtsugae strain PRAA4-1)	1–3 lb		0	4	Can be used in organic production. OMRI-listed².
	-	MBI-203 EP (Chromobacterium subtsugae)	4.0–12.0 qt		0	4	OMRI-listed². Can be used in the greenhouse.
	-	Molt-X (azadirachtin)	10 fl oz		0	4	Antifeedant, repellant, IGR. OMRI-listed².
	-	Neemix 4.5 (azadirachtin)	4–16 fl oz		0	12	IGR and feeding repellant. OMRI-listed².
Fire ants	7A	Extinguish (S-methoprene)	1.0–1.5 lb		0	4	Slow-acting IGR. Best applied early spring and fall where crop will be grown. Colonies will be reduced after 3 weeks and eliminated after 8–10 weeks. May be applied by ground equipment or aerially.
	7C	Esteem Ant Bait (pyriproxyfen)	1.5–2.0 lb		1	12	Apply when ants are actively foraging.
Grasshoppers	3A	*Hero (bifenthrin + zeta-cypermethrin)	4.5–11.2 oz	Do not apply more than 43.26 fl oz/A.	7	12
	3A	*Mustang (zeta-cypermethrin)	2.4–4.3 oz	Do not apply more than 0.3 lb a.i./A.	1	12	Do not make applications less than 7 days apart.
	3A	*Proaxis Insecticide (gamma-cyhalothrin)	1.92–3.84 fl oz	Do not apply more than 2.88 pt/A.	5	24
	3A	Pyganic Crop Protection EC 5.0 (pyrethrins)	4.5–18.0 fl oz	11.25 pt	0	12	Pyrethrins degrade rapidly in sunlight. Thorough coverage is important. OMRI-listed². Do not apply more than 10 times per season.
	3A	*Warrior II (lambda-cyhalothrin)	0.96–1.92 fl oz	Do not apply more than 0.36 lb a.i./A.	5	24
	3A + 4A	*Endigo ZC (lambda-cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam)	4.0–4.5 fl oz	Do not exceed a total of 19.0 fl oz/A.	5	24	This product can kill bees and other insect pollinators.
	3A + 28	*Besiege (lambda-cyhalothrin + chlorantraniliprole)	5.0–9.0 fl oz	Do not exceed a total of 31 fl oz/A of Besiege per year.	5	24
	4A	Scorpion 35SL Insecticide (dinotefuran)	Foliar: 2–7 fl oz Soil: 9–10.5 fl oz	Do not apply more than 10.5 fl oz/A as foliar sprays or more than 21 fl oz to soil.	Foliar: 1 Soil: 21	12	Use only 1 application method.
	4A	Venom Insecticide (dinotefuran)	Foliar: 1–4 oz Soil: 5–6.0 oz	Do not apply more than 6 oz foliar or 12 oz soil.	Foliar: 1 Soil: 21	12	Do not use both application methods. No more than 3 applications per season.
Lace bugs	1A	Carbaryl 4L (carbaryl)	0.5–2 qt	Do not apply more than a total of 8 at/A per crop per year.	3	12	Toxic to honeybees and other bees.
	1A	Sevin 80 S; XLR; 4F (carbaryl)	80S: 0.63–2.5 lb XLR, 4F: 0.5–2 qt	Do not apply more than 10 lb/A or 8 qt/A per crop.	3	12	Do not apply more than 7 times. Applications must be at least 7 days apart. Do not apply to crops or weeds in bloom.
	1B	Malathion 8F (malathion)	1.56 pt	Maximum application/A per crop is 6.24 pt.	3	12	Maximum number of applications is 4.
Leafhoppers	1A	Carbaryl 4L (carbaryl)	0.5–2 qt	Do not apply more than a total of 8 qt/A per crop per year.	3	12	Toxic to honeybees and other bees.
	1A	Sevin 80 S; XLR; 4F (carbaryl)	80S: 0.63–2.5 lb XLR, 4F: 0.5–2 qt	Do not apply more than 10 lb/A or 8 qt/A per crop.	3	12	Do not apply more than 7 times. Applications must be at least 7 days apart. Do not apply to crops or weeds in bloom.
	3A	*Baythroid XL (beta-cyfluthrin)	1.6–2.8 fl oz	Maximum amount per season: 16.8 fl oz/A.	7	12	Do not apply at less than 7-day intervals.
	3A	*Hero (bifenthrin + zeta-cypermethrin)	4.5–11.2 oz	Do not apply more than 43.26 fl oz/A.	7	12
	3A	*Mustang (zeta-cypermethrin)	2.4–4.3 oz	Do not apply more than 0.3 lb a.i./A.	1	12	Do not make applications less than 7 days apart.
	3A	*Proaxis Insecticide (gamma-cyhalothrin)	1.92–3.84 fl oz	Do not apply more than 2.88 pt/A.	5	24
	3A	Pyganic Crop Protection EC 5.0 (pyrethrins)	4.5–18.0 fl oz	11.25 pt	0	12	Pyrethrins degrade rapidly in sunlight. Thorough coverage is important. OMRI-listed². Do not apply more than 10 times per season.
	3A	*Warrior II (lambda-cyhalothrin)	0.96–1.92 fl oz	Do not apply more than 0.36 lb a.i./A.	5	24
	3A + 4A	*Endigo ZC (lambda-cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam)	4.0–4.5 fl oz	Do not exceed a total of 19.0 fl oz/A.	5	24	This product can kill bees and other insect pollinators.
	4A	Actara (thiamethoxam)	2.0–5.5 oz	Maximum of 11 oz/A.	0	12	Do not use if a soil application of a neonicotinoid has been used.
	4A	Admire Pro (imidacloprid) (for rates for other brands, see labels)	7–10.5 fl oz	Maximum 10.5 fl oz/A per crop.	21	12	Application restrictions exist for this product because of risk to bees and other insect pollinators. Follow application restrictions found in the directions for use to protect pollinators. Most effective if applied to soil at transplanting.
	4A	Belay 50 WDG (clothianidin)	1.6–3.2 oz	Do not apply more than 6.4 oz/A.	7	12	Do not use an adjuvant. Toxic to bees. Do not release irrigation water from the treated area.
	4A	Belay 50 WDG (clothianidin)	Soil: 4.8–6.4 oz	Do not apply more than 6.4 oz/A.	Apply at planting	12	Do not release irrigation water from the treated area.
	4A	Platinum (thiamethoxam)	5.0–11.0 fl oz	Do not exceed a total of 11 fl oz/A per growing season.	30	12	For most crops that are not on the label, a 120-day plant-back interval must be observed. To manage resistance, related pesticides (Actara, Assail) in conjunction with Platinum.
	4A	Platinum 75SG (thiamethoxam)	1.66–3.67 oz	Do not exceed a total of 3.67 oz/A per growing season.	30	12	For most crops that are not on the label, a 120-day plant-back interval must be observed. To manage resistance, avoid using related pesticides (Actara, Assail) in conjunction with Platinum.
	4A	Scorpion 35SL Insecticide (dinotefuran)	Foliar: 2–7 fl oz Soil: 9–10.5 fl oz	Do not apply more than 10.5 fl oz/A as foliar sprays or more than 21 fl oz to soil.	Foliar: 1 Soil: 21	12	Use only 1 application method.
	4A + 28	Durivo (thiamethoxam + chlorantraniliprole)	10–13 oz	Do not exceed a total of 13 fl oz/A.	30	12	May be applied to soil by one of several methods—see label.
	4A + 28	Voliam Flexi (thiamethoxam + chlorantraniliprole)	4.0–7.0 oz	Limited to 14 oz/A per growing season.	1	12
	4D	Sivanto Prime (flupyradifurone)	7.0–14.0 fl oz	Do not apply more than 28.0 fl oz/A per year.	1	4	Minimum interval between applications: 7 days.
	9B	PQZ (pyrifluquinazon)	3.2 fl oz	Do not apply more than 4.8 fl oz/A (0.070 lb a.i./A) per crop cycle. Do not apply more than 9.6 fl oz/A (0.140 lb a.i./A) per year.	1	12	Do not apply by air. Do not make more than 2 applications per crop cycle. Do not make more than 4 applications per year.
	16	Courier 40SC (buprofezin)	9.0–13.6 fl oz	Do not apply more than 27.2 fl oz/A per crop cycle.	1	12	Immature insects only. No more than 2 applications per crop cycle.
	-	Aza-Direct (azadirachtin)	1–2 pt, up to 3.5 pt if needed		0	4	Antifeedant, repellant, IGR . OMRI-listed².
	-	Azatin XL (azadirachtin)	5–21 oz		0	4	Antifeedant, repellant, IGR. See label for rates for specific pests.
	-	Molt-X (azadirachtin)	10 fl oz		0	4	Antifeedant, repellant, IGR. OMRI-listed².
	-	M-Pede 49% EC (soap, insecticidal)	1%–2% v/v		0	12	OMRI-listed².
	-	SuffOil-X (unsulfonated residue of petroleum oil)	1–2 gal/100 gal of water.		0	4	OMRI-listed².
	-	Ultra-Fine Oil JMS Stylet-Oil Saf-T-Side (oil, insecticidal)	1–2 gal/100 gal of water JMS: 3–6 qt/100 gal		0	4	Do not exceed 4 applications per season. Stylet-Oil will not control aphids or beetles. Organic Stylet-Oil and Saf-T-Side are OMRI-listed².
Liriomyza leafminers	1A	*Vydate L (oxamyl)	Foliar: 2–4 pt	Do not apply more than 16 pt/A.	1	48
	1B	*Dibrom 8 EC (naled)	1 pt	Do not apply more than 6 pt/A.	1	48	Apply no more than 1 pt/A in Florida. Do not apply when temperature is over 90°F.
	3A	*Ambush 25W (permethrin)	6.4–12.8 oz	Do not apply more than 2 lb a.i./A (128 oz).	3	12
	3A	*Brigade 2EC (bifenthrin)	2.1–6.4 fl oz	Do not apply more than 0.2 lb a.i./A.	7	12	Do not make applications less than 7 days apart.
	3A	*Hero (bifenthrin + zeta-cypermethrin)	4.5–11.2 oz	Do not apply more than 43.26 fl oz/A.	7	12
	3A	*Pounce 25 W (permethrin)	6.4–9.6 oz	Do not apply more than 0.6 lb a.i./A.	3	12
	3A	Pyganic Crop Protection EC 5.0 (pyrethrins)	4.5–18.0 fl oz	11.25 pt	0	12	Pyrethrins degrade rapidly in sunlight. Thorough coverage is important. OMRI-listed². Do not apply more than 10 times per season.
	4A	Belay 50 WDG (clothianidin)	1.6–3.2 oz	Do not apply more than 6.4 oz/A.	7	12	Do not use an adjuvant. Toxic to bees. Do not release irrigation water from the treated area.
	4A	Belay 50 WDG (clothianidin)	Soil: 4.8–6.4 oz	Do not apply more than 6.4 oz/A.	Apply at planting	12	Do not release irrigation water from the treated area.
	4A	Scorpion 35SL Insecticide (dinotefuran)	Foliar: 2–7 fl oz Soil: 9–10.5 fl oz	Do not apply more than 10.5 fl oz/A as foliar sprays or more than 21 fl oz to soil.	Foliar: 1 Soil: 21	12	Use only 1 application method.
	5	Entrust SC (spinosad)	1.5–10 fl oz	Do not use more than 29 oz/A per crop.	1	4	Do not apply to seedlings grown for transplant. OMRI-listed².
	5	Radiant SC (spinetoram)	5–10 fl oz	Maximum of 34 fl oz/A.	1	4
	6	*Agri-Mek SC (abamectin)	1.7–3.5 fl oz	Do not apply more than 10.25 fl oz/A in a growing season.	7	12	Do not make more than 2 sequential applications. Must be used with a nonionic activator-type wetting, spreading, or penetrating adjuvant.
	6 + 28	*Minecto Pro (abamectin + cyantraniliprole)	5.5–10 fl oz	Do not apply more than 20 fl oz/A per year.	7	24	This label contains pollinator warnings.
	15	Rimon 0.83EC (novaluron)	9–12 fl oz	Do not apply more than 36 fl oz/A.	1	12
	28	Coragen (chlorantraniliprole/rynaxypyr)	5.0–7.5 fl oz	Do not apply more than 15.4 fl oz/A per crop.	1	4	Can be applied by drip chemigation or as a soil application at planting as well as a foliar spray. See label. For hornworms, can use as little as 2.0 fl oz/A when applied as a foliar spray.
	28	Exirel (cyantraniliprole)	13.5–20.5 fl oz	Do not apply a total of more than 0.4 lb a.i./A per crop.	1	12	Application restrictions exist for this product because of risk to bees and other pollinators. Follow application restrictions found in the directions for use to protect pollinators. Minimum application interval between treatments is 5 days.
	28	Verimark (cyantraniliprole)	6.75–13.5 fl oz	Do not apply a total of more than 0.4 lb a.i./A per crop.	1	4
	-	Aza-Direct (azadirachtin)	1–2 pt, up to 3.5 pt if needed		0	4	Antifeedant, repellant, IGR. OMRI-listed².
	-	Azatin XL (azadirachtin)	5–21 oz		0	4	Antifeedant, repellant, IGR. See label for rates for specific pests.
	-	Molt-X (azadirachtin)	10 fl oz		0	4	IGR and feeding repellant. OMRI-listed².
	-	Neemix 4.5 (azadirachtin)	4–16 fl oz		0	12	Antifeedant, repellant, IGR. OMRI-listed².
	-	PFR-97 (Isaria fumosorosea Apopka strain 97)	1.0–2.0 lb		0	4	Repeat applications at 3–10 days are needed to maintain control. Can be used in greenhouse for food crop transplants raised to be planted into the field. OMRI-listed².
	-	Requiem 25EC (extract of Chenopodium ambrosioides)	2–4 qt		0	4	Begin applications before pests reach damaging levels.
	-	SuffOil-X (mineral oil)	1–2 gal/100 gal of water.		0	4	OMRI-listed².
	-	Ultra-Fine Oil JMS Stylet-Oil Saf-T-Side (oil, insecticidal)	1–2 gal/100 gal of water JMS: 3–6 qt/100 gal		0	4	Do not exceed 4 applications per season. Stylet-Oil will not control aphids or beetles. Organic Stylet-Oil and Saf-T-Side are OMRI-listed².
Mealybug	16	Courier 40SC (buprofezin)	9.0–13.6 fl oz	Do not apply more than 27.2 fl oz/A per crop cycle.	1	12	Immature insects only. No more than 2 applications per crop cycle.
Mites (including banks grass mite, broad mite, carmine spider mite, tomato russett mite, two-spotted spider mite)	1A	*Vydate L (oxamyl)	Foliar: 2–4 pt	Do not apply more than 16 pt/A.	1	48
	1B	*Dibrom 8 EC (naled)	1 pt	Do not apply more than 6 pt/A.	1	48	Apply no more than 1 pt/A in Florida. Do not apply when temperature is over 90°F.
	1B	Malathion 8F (malathion)	1.56 pt	Maximum application/A per crop is 6.24 pt.	3	12	Maximum number of applications is 4.
	3A	*Brigade 2EC (bifenthrin)	2.1–6.4 fl oz	Do not apply more than 0.2 lb a.i./A.	7	12	Do not make applications less than 7 days apart.
	3A	*Danitol 2.4 EC (fenpropathrin)	10.67 fl oz	Do not exceed 42.67 fl oz/A total application.	3	24	Maximum of 4 applications (0.8 lb a.i./A) per season.
	3A	*Hero (bifenthrin + zeta-cypermethrin)	4.5–11.2 oz	Do not apply more than 43.26 fl oz/A.	7	12
	3A	*Proaxis Insecticide (gamma-cyhalothrin)	1.92–3.84 fl oz	Do not apply more than 2.88 pt/A.	5	24
	3A	Pyganic Crop Protection EC 5.0 (pyrethrins)	4.5–18.0 fl oz	11.25 pt	0	12	Pyrethrins degrade rapidly in sunlight. Thorough coverage is important. OMRI-listed². Do not apply more than 10 times per season.
	3A	*Warrior II (lambda-cyhalothrin)	0.96–1.92 fl oz	Do not apply more than 0.36 lb a.i./A.	5	24
	6	*Agri-Mek SC (abamectin)	1.7–3.5 fl oz	Do not apply more than 10.25 fl oz/A in a growing season.	7	12	Do not make more than 2 sequential applications. Must be used with a nonionic activator-type wetting, spreading, or penetrating adjuvant.
	6 + 28	*Minecto Pro (abamectin + cyantraniliprole)	5.5–10 fl oz	Do not apply more than 20 fl oz/A per year.	7	24	This label contains pollinator warnings.
	10B	Zeal Miticide (etoxazole)	2–3 oz	Do not apply more than 3 oz/A.	7	12
	12B	*Vendex 50 WP (fenbutatin-oxide)	2–3 lb	Apply no more than 9 lb/A per year.	3	48	Apply when mites first appear. No more than 3 applications per year.
	20B	Kanemite 15 SC (acequinocyl)	31 fl oz	Do not apply more than 62 fl oz/A.	1	12	Allow a minimum of 21 days between treatments. Do not make more than 2 applications per year. Do not use an adjuvant.
	20D	Acramite 50WS (bifenazate)	0.75–1.0 lb	1 application	3	12
	21A	Portal (fenpyroximate)	2.0 pt	Do not apply more than 4.0 pt/A per crop cycle.	1	12	Do not make more than 2 applications per season.
	-	Aza-Direct (azadirachtin)	1–2 pt, up to 3.5 pt if needed		0	4	Antifeedant, repellant, IGR. OMRI-listed².
	-	MET52 EC (Metarhizium anispoliae strain F52)	Drench: 40–80 fl oz Foliar: 0.5 pt–2 qt		0	0
	-	M-Pede 49% EC (soap, insecticidal)	1%–2% v/v		0	12	OMRI-listed².
	-	Oberon 23 (spiromesifen)	7.0–8.5 fl oz	Maximum amount per crop: 25.5 fl oz/A.	7	12	No more than 3 applications.
	-	PFR-97 (Isaria fumosorosea Apopka strain 97)	1.0–2.0 lb		0	4	Repeat applications at 3–10 days are needed to maintain control. Can be used in greenhouse for food crop transplants raised to be planted into the field. OMRI-listed².
	-	SuffOil-X (mineral oil)	1–2 gal/100 gal of water.		0	4	OMRI-listed².
	-	Ultra-Fine Oil JMS Stylet-Oil Saf-T-Side (oil, insecticidal)	1–2 gal/100 gal water JMS: 3–6 qt/100 gal		0	4	Do not exceed 4 applications per season. Stylet-oil will not control aphids or beetles. Organic Stylet-Oil and Saf-T-Side are OMRI-listed².
Plant bugs and Tarnished plant bug	1A	Sevin 80 S; XLR; 4F (carbaryl)	80S: 0.63–2.5 lb XLR, 4F: 0.5–2 qt	Do not apply more than 10 lb/A or 8 qt/A per crop.	3	12	Do not apply more than 7 times. Applications must be at least 7 days apart. Do not apply to crops or weeds in bloom.
	3A	*Brigade 2EC (bifenthrin)	2.1–6.4 fl oz	Do not apply more than 0.2 lb a.i./A.	7	12	Do not make applications less than 7 days apart.
	3A	*Mustang (zeta-cypermethrin)	2.4–4.3 oz	Do not apply more than 0.3 lb a.i./A.	1	12	Do not make applications less than 7 days apart.
	3A	*Proaxis Insecticide (gamma-cyhalothrin)	1.92–3.84 fl oz	Do not apply more than 2.88 pt/A.	5	24
	3A	Pyganic Crop Protection EC 5.0 (pyrethrins)	4.5–18.0 fl oz	11.25 pt	0	12	Pyrethrins degrade rapidly in sunlight. Thorough coverage is important. OMRI-listed². Do not apply more than 10 times per season.
	3A	*Warrior II (lambda-cyhalothrin)	0.96–1.92 fl oz	Do not apply more than 0.36 lb a.i./A.	5	24
	3A + 4A	*Endigo ZC (lambda-cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam)	4.0–4.5 fl oz	Do not exceed a total of 19.0 fl oz/A.	5	24	This product can kill bees and other insect pollinators.
	3A + 28	*Besiege (lambda-cyhalothrin + chlorantraniliprole)	5.0–9.0 fl oz	Do not exceed a total of 31 fl oz/A of Besiege per year.	5	24
	4A	Belay 50 WDG (clothianidin)	1.6–3.2 oz	Do not apply more than 6.4 oz/A.	7	12	Do not use an adjuvant. Toxic to bees. Do not release irrigation water from the treated area.
	4A	Belay 50 WDG (clothianidin)	Soil: 4.8–6.4 oz	Do not apply more than 6.4 oz/A.	Apply at planting	12	Do not release irrigation water from the treated area.
	29	Beleaf 50 SG (flonicamid)	2.0–2.8 oz	Do not apply more than 8.4 oz/A.	0	12
	-	M-Pede 49% EC (soap, insecticidal)	1%–2% v/v		0	12	OMRI-listed².
Planthoppers	16	Courier 40SC (buprofezin)	9.0–13.6 fl oz	Do not apply more than 27.2 fl oz/A per crop cycle.	1	12	Immature insects only. No more than 2 applications per crop cycle.
Psyllids	4A	Scorpion 35SL Insecticide (dinotefuran)	Foliar: 2–7 fl oz Soil: 9–10.5 fl oz	Do not apply more than 10.5 fl oz/A as foliar sprays or more than 21 fl oz to soil.	Foliar: 1 Soil: 21	12	Use only 1 application method.
	4D	Sivanto Prime (flupyradifurone)	7.0–14.0 fl oz	Do not apply more than 28.0 fl oz/A per year.	1	4	Minimum interval between applications: 7 days.
	23	Movento (spirotetramat)	4.0–5.0 fl oz	Maximum of 10 fl oz/A.	1	24
Soil insects (garden symphylans)	3A	*Baythroid XL (beta-cyfluthrin)	1.6–2.8 fl oz	Do not apply more than 16.8 fl oz/A.	7	12	Do not apply at less than 7-day intervals.
Stink bugs (including brown stink bug, green stink bug, southern green stink bug, squash bug)	1A	Carbaryl 4L (carbaryl)	0.5–2 qt	Do not apply more than a total of 8 qt/A per crop per year.	3	12	Toxic to honeybees and other bees.
	1A	Sevin 80 S; XLR; 4F (carbaryl)	80S: 0.63–2.5 lb XLR, 4F: 0.5–2 qt	Do not apply more than 10 lb/A or 8 qt/A per crop.	3	12	Do not apply more than 7 times. Applications must be at least 7 days apart. Do not apply to crops or weeds in bloom.
	3A	*Baythroid XL (beta-cyfluthrin)	1.6–2.8 fl oz	Maximum amount per season: 16.8 fl oz/A.	7	12	Do not apply at less than 7-day intervals.
	3A	*Brigade 2EC (bifenthrin)	2.1–6.4 fl oz	Do not apply more than 0.2 lb a.i./A.	7	12	Do not make applications less than 7 days apart.
	3A	*Danitol 2.4 EC (fenpropathrin)	10.67 fl oz	Do not exceed 42.67 fl oz/A total application.	3	24	Maximum of 4 applications (0.8 lb a.i./A) per season.
	3A	*Hero (bifenthrin + zeta-cypermethrin)	4.5–11.2 oz	Do not apply more than 43.26 fl oz/A.	7	12
	3A	*Mustang (zeta-cypermethrin)	2.4–4.3 oz	Do not apply more than 0.3 lb a.i./A.	1	12	Do not make applications less than 7 days apart.
	3A	*Proaxis Insecticide (gamma-cyhalothrin)	1.92–3.84 fl oz	Do not apply more than 2.88 pt/A.	5	24
	3A	*Warrior II (lambda-cyhalothrin)	0.96–1.92 fl oz	Do not apply more than 0.36 lb a.i./A.	5	24
	3A + 4A	*Endigo ZC (lambda-cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam)	4.0–4.5 fl oz	Do not exceed a total of 19.0 fl oz/A.	5	24	This product can kill bees and other insect pollinators.
	4A	Actara (thiamethoxam)	2.0–5.5 oz	Maximum of 11 oz/A.	0	12	Do not use if a soil application of a neonicotinoid has been used.
	4A	Belay 50 WDG (clothianidin)	1.6–3.2 oz	Do not apply more than 6.4 oz/A.	7	12	Do not use an adjuvant. Toxic to bees. Do not release irrigation water from the treated area.
	4A	Scorpion 35SL Insecticide (dinotefuran)	Foliar: 2–7 fl oz Soil: 9–10.5 fl oz	Do not apply more than 10.5 fl oz/A as foliar sprays or more than 21 fl oz to soil.	Foliar: 1 Soil: 21	12	Use only 1 application method.
	4A	Venom Insecticide (dinotefuran)	Foliar: 1–4 oz Soil: 5–6.0 oz	Do not apply more than 6 oz foliar or 12 oz soil.	Foliar: 1 Soil: 21	12	Do not use both application methods. No more than 3 applications per season.
	4A + 28	Voliam Flexi (thiamethoxam + chlorantraniliprole)	4.0–7.0 oz	Limited to 14 oz/A per growing season.	1	12
	15	Rimon 0.83EC (novaluron)	9–12 fl oz	Do not apply more than 36 fl oz/A.	1	12	Do not use with an adjuvant.
	-	Aza-Direct (azadirachtin)	1–2 pt, up to 3.5 pt if needed		0	4	Antifeedant, repellant, IGR. OMRI-listed².
Thrips (check label for species controlled) (eastern flower thrips, western flower thrips, Florida flower thrips, foliar feeding thrips, chilli thrips, melon thrips)	1A	Carbaryl 4L (carbaryl)	0.5–2 qt	Do not apply more than a total of 8 qt/A per crop per year.	3	12	Toxic to honeybees and other bees.
	1A	Sevin 80 S; XLR; 4F (carbaryl)	80S: 0.63–2.5 lb XLR, 4F: 0.5–2 qt	Do not apply more than 10 lb/A or 8 qt/A per crop.	3	12	Do not apply more than 7 times. Applications must be at least 7 days apart. Do not apply to crops or weeds in bloom.
	3A	*Baythroid XL (beta-cyfluthrin)	1.6–2.8 fl oz	Maximum amount per season: 16.8 fl oz/A.	7	12	Do not apply at less than 7-day intervals.
	3A	*Brigade 2EC (bifenthrin)	2.1–6.4 fl oz	Do not apply more than 0.2 lb a.i./A.	7	12	Do not make applications less than 7 days apart.
	3A	*Hero (bifenthrin + zeta-cypermethrin)	4.5–11.2 oz	Do not apply more than 43.26 fl oz/A.	7	12
	3A	*Proaxis Insecticide (gamma-cyhalothrin)	1.92–3.84 fl oz	Do not apply more than 2.88 pt/A.	5	24
	3A	Pyganic Crop Protection EC 5.0 (pyrethrins)	4.5–18.0 fl oz	11.25 pt	0	12	Pyrethrins degrade rapidly in sunlight. Thorough coverage is important. OMRI-listed². Do not apply more than 10 times per season.
	4A	Admire Pro (imidacloprid) (for rates for other brands, see labels)	7–10.5 fl oz	Maximum 10.5 fl oz/A per crop.	21	12	Application restrictions exist for this product because of risk to bees and other insect pollinators. Follow application restrictions found in the directions for use to protect pollinators. Most effective if applied to soil at transplanting.
	4A	Assail 30 SG (acetamiprid)	1.5–4.0 oz	Do not exceed a total of 16.0 oz/A per growing season, including any pretransplant applications of acetamiprid.	7	12	Begin applications for whiteflies when first adults are noticed. Do not apply more than 4 times per season or apply more often than every 7 days.
	4A	Belay 50 WDG (clothianidin)	Soil: 4.8–6.4 oz	Do not apply more than 6.4 oz/A.	Apply at planting	12	Do not release irrigation water from the treated area.
	4A	Platinum (thiamethoxam)	5.0–11.0 fl oz	Do not exceed a total of 11 fl oz/A per growing season.	30	12	For most crops that are not on the label, a 120-day plant-back interval must be observed. To manage resistance, avoid using Provado or other related pesticides (Actara, Assail) in conjunction with Platinum.
	4A	Platinum 75SG (thiamethoxam)	1.66–3.67 oz	Do not exceed a total of 3.67 oz/A per growing season.	30	12	For most crops that are not on the label, a 120-day plant-back interval must be observed. To manage resistance, avoid using related pesticides (Actara, Assail) in conjunction with Platinum.
	4A	Scorpion 35SL Insecticide (dinotefuran)	Foliar: 2–7 fl oz Soil: 9–10.5 fl oz	Do not apply more than 10.5 fl oz/A as foliar sprays or more than 21 fl oz to soil.	Foliar: 1 Soil: 21	12	Use only 1 application method.
	4A	Venom Insecticide (dinotefuran)	Foliar: 1–4 oz Soil: 5–6.0 oz	Do not apply more than 6 oz foliar or 12 oz soil.	Foliar: 1 Soil: 21	12	Do not use both application methods. No more than 3 applications per season.
	4A + 28	Durivo (thiamethoxam + chlorantraniliprole)	10–13 oz	Do not exceed a total of 13 fl oz/A.	30	12	May be applied to soil by one of several methods—see label.
	4D	Sivanto Prime (flupyradifurone)	7.0–14.0 fl oz	Do not apply more than 28.0 fl oz/A per year.	1	4	Minimum interval between applications: 7 days.
	5	Entrust SC (spinosad)	1.5–10 fl oz	Do not use more than 29 oz/A per crop.	1	4	Do not apply to seedlings grown for transplant. OMRI-listed².
	5	Radiant SC (spinetoram)	5–10 fl oz	Maximum of 34 fl oz/A.	1	4
	6	*Agri-Mek SC (abamectin)	1.7–3.5 fl oz	Do not apply more than 10.25 fl oz/A in a growing season.	7	12	Do not make more than 2 sequential applications. Must be used with a nonionic activator-type wetting, spreading, or penetrating adjuvant.
	6 + 28	*Minecto Pro (abamectin + cyantraniliprole)	5.5–10 fl oz	Do not apply more than 20 fl oz/A per year.	7	24	This label contains pollinator warnings.
	15	Rimon 0.83EC (novaluron)	9–12 fl oz	Do not apply more than 36 fl oz/A.	1	12	Do not use with an adjuvant.
	28	Exirel (cyantraniliprole)	13.5–20.5 fl oz	Do not apply a total of more than 0.4 lb a.i./A per crop.	1	12
	28	Verimark (cyantraniliprole)	Tray drench/transplant water: 10.0–13.5 fl oz Drip: 10 fl oz	Do not apply a total of more than 0.4 lb a.i./A per crop.	1	4
	-	Aza-Direct (azadirachtin)	1–2 pt, up to 3.5 pt if needed		0	4	Antifeedant, repellant, IGR. See label for rates for specific pests.
	-	Azatin XL (azadirachtin)	5–21 oz		0	4
	-	BotaniGard ES (Beauveria bassiana strain GHA)	0.25–1 qt/A. Apply in sufficient water to cover foliage, typically 5–100 gal/A.		0	4	Product contains live spores of a naturally occurring fungus. Some fungicides may interfere with efficacy. OMRI-listed². May be used in greenhouses. Compatible in tank mixes with some fungicides.
	-	MET52 EC (Metarhizium anispoliae strain F52)	Drench: 40–80 fl oz Foliar: 0.5 pt–2 qt		0	0
	-	M-Pede 49% EC (soap, insecticidal)	1%–2% v/v		0	12	OMRI-listed².
	-	Mycotrol ESO (Beauveria bassiana strain GHA)	0.25–1 qt		0	4	May be used in greenhouses. Compatible in tank mixes with some fungicides. OMRI-listed².
	-	PFR-97 (Isaria fumosorosea Apopka strain 97)	1.0–2.0 lb		0	4
	-	Requiem 25EC (extract of Chenopodium ambrosioides)	2–4 qt		0	4	Begin applications before pests reach damaging levels.
	-	SuffOil-X (mineral oil)	1%–2% v/v		0	4	OMRI-listed².
	-	Ultra-Fine Oil JMS Stylet-Oil Saf-T-Side (oil, insecticidal)	1–2 gal/100 gal water JMS: 3–6 qt/100 gal		0	4	Do not exceed 4 applications per season. Stylet-Oil will not control aphids or beetles. Organic Stylet-Oil and Saf-T-Side are OMRI-listed.
Weevils	3A	*Mustang (zeta-cypermethrin)	2.4–4.3 oz	Do not apply more than 0.3 lb a.i./A.	1	12	Do not make applications less than 7 days apart.
	3A	*Proaxis Insecticide (gamma-cyhalothrin)	1.92–3.84 fl oz	Do not apply more than 2.88 pt/A.	5	24
	3A	*Warrior II (lambda-cyhalothrin)	0.96–1.92 fl oz	Do not apply more than 0.36 lb a.i./A.	5	24
	3A + 4A	*Endigo ZC (lambda-cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam)	4.0–4.5 fl oz	Do not exceed a total of 19.0 fl oz/A.	5	24	This product can kill bees and other insect pollinators.
	-	Aza-Direct (azadirachtin)	1–2 pt, up to 3.5 pt if needed		0	4	Antifeedant, repellant, IGR. OMRI-listed².
	-	Azatin XL (azadirachtin)	5–21 oz		0	4	Antifeedant, repellant, IGR. See label for rates for specific pests.
Whiteflies	3A	*Brigade 2EC (bifenthrin)	2.1–6.4 fl oz	Do not apply more than 0.2 lb a.i./A.	7	12	Do not make applications less than 7 days apart.
	3A	*Hero (bifenthrin + zeta-cypermethrin)	4.5–11.2 oz	Do not apply more than 43.26 fl oz/A.	7	12
	3A	*Proaxis Insecticide (gamma-cyhalothrin)	1.92–3.84 fl oz	Do not apply more than 2.88 pt/A.	5	24
	3A	Pyganic Crop Protection EC 5.0 (pyrethrins)	4.5–18.0 fl oz	11.25 pt	0	12	Pyrethrins degrade rapidly in sunlight. Thorough coverage is important. OMRI-listed². Do not apply more than 10 times per season.
	3A	*Warrior II (lambda-cyhalothrin)	0.96–1.92 fl oz	Do not apply more than 0.36 lb a.i./A.	5	24
	4A	Platinum (thiamethoxam)	5.0–11.0 fl oz	Do not exceed a total of 11 fl oz/A per growing season.	30	12	For most crops that are not on the label, a 120-day plant-back interval must be observed. To manage resistance, avoid using related pesticides (Actara, Assail) in conjunction with Platinum.
	4A	Platinum 75SG (thiamethoxam)	1.66–3.67 oz	No more than 3.67 oz/A.	30	12
	4A	Actara (thiamethoxam)	2.0–5.5 oz	No more than 11 oz/A	0	12	Do not use if a soil application of a neonicotinoid has been used.
	4A	Admire Pro (imidacloprid) (for rates for other brands, see labels)	7–10.5 fl oz	No more than 10.5 fl oz/A	21	12	Risk to bees and other insect pollinators; follow application restrictions. Most effective if applied to soil at transplanting.
	4A	Admire Pro (imidacloprid)	0.44 fl oz/10,000 plants		21	12	Planthouse: 1 application. See label.
	4A	Assail 30 SG (acetamiprid)	1.5–4.0 oz	Do not exceed a total of 16.0 oz/A per growing season, including any pretransplant applications of acetamiprid.	7	12	Begin applications for whiteflies when first adults are noticed. Do not apply more than 4 times per season or apply more often than every 7 days.
	4A	Belay 50 WDG (clothianidin)	1.6–3.2 oz	Do not apply more than 6.4 oz/A.	7	12	Do not use an adjuvant. Toxic to bees. Do not release irrigation water from the treated area.
	4A	Belay 50 WDG (clothianidin)	Soil: 4.8–6.4 oz	No more than 6.4 oz / A	Apply at planting	12	Do not release irrigation water from the treated area. Do not apply if imidacloprid or thiamethoxam have been used at planting.
	4A	Scorpion 35SL Insecticide (dinotefuran)	Foliar: 2–7 fl oz Soil: 9–10.5 fl oz	Do not apply more than 10.5 fl oz/A as foliar sprays or more than 21 fl oz to soil.	Foliar: 1 Soil: 21	12
	4A	Venom Insecticide (dinotefuran)	Foliar: 1–4 oz Soil: 5–6.0 oz	No more than 6 oz foliar or 12 oz soil /A	Foliar: 1 Soil: 21	12	Do not use both application methods. No more than 3 applications per season.
	4A + 28	Durivo (thiamethoxam + chlorantraniliprole)	10–13 oz	No more than 13 fl oz/A.	30	12	May be applied to soil by one of several methods—see label.
	4A + 28	Voliam Flexi (thiamethoxam + chlorantraniliprole)	4.0–7.0 oz	Limited to 14 oz/A per growing season.	1	12
	4D	Sivanto Prime (flupyradifurone)	7.0–14.0 fl oz	No more than 28.0 fl oz/A per year.	1	4	Minimum interval between applications: 7 days.
	6 + 28	*Minecto Pro (abamectin + cyantraniliprole)	5.5–10 fl oz	No more than 20 fl oz /A per year.	7	24	This label contains pollinator warnings.
	7C	Knack IGR (pyriproxyfen)	8–10 fl oz	No more than 20 fl oz/A	1	12	Apply before populations build to damaging levels. Minimum of 7 days between applications. Do not make more than 2 applications.
	9B	Fulfill (pymetrozine)	2.75 oz	No more than 5.5 oz/A	0	12
	9B	PQZ (pyrifluquinazon)	2.4–3.2 fl oz	No more than 4.8 fl oz/A (0.070 lb a.i./A) . No more than 9.6 fl oz/A (0.140 lb a.i./A) per year.	1	12	Do not apply by air. Do not make more than 2 applications per crop cycle. Do not make more than 4 applications per year.
	9D	Sefina Inscalis Insecticide (afidopyropen)	14 fl oz	No more than 28 fl oz/A of Sefina (0.09 lb a.i./A afidopyropen)	0	12	Do not make more than 2 sequential applications of Sefina before using an effective insecticide with a different mode of action.
	15	Rimon 0.83EC (novaluron)	9–12 fl oz	No more than 36 fl oz/A	1	12
	16	Courier 40SC (buprofezin)	9.0–13.6 fl oz	No more than 27.2 fl oz/A	1	12	Immature insects only. No more than 2 applications per crop cycle.
	21A	Portal (fenpyroximate)	2.0 pt	No more than 4.0 pt/A	1	12	Do not make more than 2 applications per season.
	23	Movento (spirotetramat)	4.0–5.0 fl oz	No more than 10 fl oz/A	1	24
	23	Oberon 2SC (spiromesifen)	7.0–8.5 fl oz	No more than 25.5 fl oz/A.	7	12	No more than 3 applications.
	28	Exirel (cyantraniliprole)	13.5–20.5 fl oz	No more than 0.4 lb a.i./A.	1	12	Foliar application.
	28	Verimark (cyantraniliprole)	Tray drench/transplant water: 6.75–13.5 fl oz Drip: 6.75–10 fl oz	No more than 0.4 lb a.i./A.	1	4	Soil application.
	-	Aza-Direct (azadirachtin)	1–2 pt, up to 3.5 pt if needed		0	4	Antifeedant, repellant, IGR. See label for rates for specific pests.
	-	Azatin XL (azadirachtin)	5–21 oz		0	4
	-	BotaniGard ES (Beauveria bassiana strain GHA)	0.25–1 qt/A. Apply in sufficient water to cover foliage, typically 5–100 gal/A.		0	4	May be used in greenhouses. Compatible in tank mixes with some fungicides.
	-	MET52 EC (Metarhizium anispoliae strain F52)	Drench: 40–80 fl oz Foliar: 0.5 pt–2 qt		0	0	Product contains live spores of a naturally occurring fungus. Some fungicides may interfere with efficacy. OMRI-listed².
	-	Molt-X (azadirachtin)	10 fl oz		0	4	Antifeedant, repellant, IGR. OMRI-listed².
	-	M-Pede 49% EC (soap, insecticidal)	1%–2% v/v		0	12
	-	Mycotrol ESO (Beauveria bassiana strain GHA)	0.25–1 qt		0	4	May be used in greenhouses. Compatible in tank mixes with some fungicides. OMRI-listed².
	-	Neemix 4.5 (azadirachtin)	4–16 fl oz		0	12
	-	PFR-97 (Isaria fumosorosea Apopka strain 97)	1.0–2.0 lb		0	4	OMRI-listed^e.
	-	Requiem 25EC (extract of Chenopodium ambrosioides)	2–4 qt		0	4	Begin applications before pests reach damaging levels.
	-	SuffOil-X (mineral oil)	1–2 gal/100 gal of water		0	4	OMRI-listed².
	-	Ultra-Fine Oil JMS Stylet-Oil Saf-T-Side (oil, insecticidal)	1–2 gal/100 gal water JMS: 3–6 qt/100 gal		0	4	Do not exceed 4 applications per season. Stylet-Oil will not control aphids or beetles. Organic Stylet-Oil and Saf-T-Side are OMRI-listed².
¹Mode of Action (MOA) codes for plant pest insecticides from the Insecticide Resistance Action Committee (IRAC) Mode of Action Classification v. 11.1 January 2024. Number codes are used to distinguish the main insecticide mode of action groups, with additional letters for certain subgroups within each main group. All insecticides within the same group (with same number) indicate the same active ingredient or similar mode of action. This information must be considered for the insecticide resistance management decisions. - = unknown, or a mode of action that has not been classified yet. ²Information provided in this table applies only to Florida. Be sure to read a current product label before applying any product. The use of brand names and any mention or listing of commercial products or services in the publication does not imply endorsement by UF/IFAS Extension nor discrimination against similar products or services not mentioned. OMRI-listed: Listed by the Organic Materials Review Institute for use in organic production.
* Restricted use insecticide.

View Table

Table 5. Eggplant fungicides sorted by disease and then FRAC group according to their mode of action. Contact: Pamela D. Roberts, UF/IFAS Southwest Florida Research and Education Center.

Pertinent Diseases or Pathogens	Fungicide Group¹	Chemical (Active Ingredients)	Max Rate/Acre		Min. Days to		Remarks²
Pertinent Diseases or Pathogens	Fungicide Group¹	Chemical (Active Ingredients)	Appl.	Season	Harvest	Reentry	Remarks²
Labels change frequently. Be sure to read a current product label before applying any chemical. Please refer to chapter 19 for information on biopesticides, including materials labeled for certified organic production.
Alternaria blight/Early blight	M1	(copper compounds) Many brands available: AmeriCop 40DF, Badge SC, Badge X2, Basic Copper 53, Champ DP, Champ F2 FL, Champ WG, C-O-C-S WDG, COC DF, COC WDG, COC WP, Copper Count N, Cueva, Cuprofix Ultra 40D, Kentan DF, Kocide 2000, Kocide 3000, Kocide DF, Master Cop, Nordox, Nordox 75WG, Nu Cop 3L, Nu Cop 50DF, Nu Cop 50WP, Nu Cop HB	SEE INDIVIDUAL LABELS		Varies by product from 0–1 day	Varies by product from 4 hr to 2 days
	3	Tebuzol Toledo (tebuconazole)	SEE INDIVIDUAL LABELS
	7	Endura (boscalid)	3.5 oz	21 oz	0	0.5
	7	Fontelis (penthiopyrad)	24 fl oz	72 fl oz	0	0.5
	7 + 3	Luna Flex (fluopyram + difenocoazole)	13.6 fl oz	27.2 fl oz	7	0.5
	7 + 11	Luna Sensation (fluopyram + trifloxystrobin)	7.6 fl oz	27.1 fl oz	3	0.5
	7 + 11	Priaxor (fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin)	8 fl oz	24 fl oz	0	0.5
	7 + 12	Miravis Prime (fludioxonil + pydiflumetofen)	11.4 fl oz	22.8 fl oz per year	0	0.5
	9	Vango WG (cyprodinil)	7 oz	28 oz	0	0.5
	9 + 3	Inspire Super (cyprodinil + difenoconazole)	20 fl oz	47 fl oz	0	0.5
	9 + 12	Alerity 62.5 (cyprodinil + fludioxonil)	14 oz	56 oz	0	0.5
	9 + 12	Switch (cyprodinil + fludioxonil)	14 oz	56 oz	0	0.5	Follow resistance management recommendations on label.
	11	Aftershock Evito 480 EC (fluoxastrobin)	5.7 fl oz	22.8 fl oz	3	0.5	Do not use in greenhouse production; see label for additional instructions.
	11	Cabrio EG (pyraclostrobin)	16 oz	96 oz	0	0.5
	11	Flint Extra Gem (trifloxystrobin)	3.0 oz	16 oz	3	0.5
	11	Reason 500 SC (fenamidone)	8.2 fl oz	24.6 fl oz	14	0.5
	12	Emblem (fludioxonil)	7 fl oz	28 fl oz per year	0	0.5
	19	Ph-D WDG Oso 5SC (polyoxin D zinc salt)	See label	See label	0	4 hr
	22 + M05	Zing! (Zoxamide + chlorothalonil)	34 fl oz	See label	3	0.5
Anthracnose	M1	(copper compounds) Many brands available: AmeriCop 40DF, Badge SC, Badge X2, Basic Copper 53, Champ DP, Champ F2 FL, Champ WG, C-O-C DF, C-O-C-S WDG, C-O-C WP, Copper Count N, Cuprofix Ultra 40D, Cueva, Kentan DF, Kocide 2000, Kocide 3000, Kocide DF, Master Cop, Nordox, Nordox 75WG, Nu Cop 3L, Nu Cop 50DF, Nu Cop 50WP, Nu Cop HB	SEE INDIVIDUAL LABELS		Varies by product from 0–1 day	Varies by product from 4 hr to 2 days
	M1 + M2	Top Cop with Sulfur (copper sulfate + sulfur)	2 qt			1
	M5	(chlorothalonil) Many brands available: Bravo Ultrex, Bravo Weather Stik, Chloronil 720, Echo 720, Equus 720 SST, Initiate	SEE INDIVIDUAL LABELS		See label	0.5
	M5 + 27	Ariston (chlorothalonil + cymoxanil)	2.44 pt	17.5 pt per year	3	0.5
	M5 + 49	Orondis Opti (chlorothalonil + oxathiapiprolin)	2.5 pt	10 pt per year	3	0.5	See label.
	3	Rhyme (flutriafol)	7 fl oz	28 fl oz	0	0.5	Use of silicone- or oil-based additives may result in negative crop response. In situations where an adjuvant is necessary, use of a nonionic surfactant 0.125% v/v is recommended.
	3	Topguard (flutriafol)	14 fl oz	56 fl oz	0	0.5
	3 + 7	Aprovia Top (difenoconazole + benzovindiflupyr)	13.5 fl oz	53.6 fl oz per year	0	0.5
	7	Fontelis (penthiopyrad)	24 fl oz	72 fl oz	0	See label	Disease suppression only.
	7 + 3	Luna Flex (fluopyram + difenocoazole)	13.6 fl oz	27.2 fl oz	7	0.5
	7 + 11	Luna Sensation (fluopyram + trifloxystrobin)	7.6 fl oz	27.1 fl oz	3	0.5
	7 + 11	Priaxor (fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin)	8 fl oz	24 fl oz	7	0.5
	9 + 3	Inspire Super (cyprodinil + difenoconazole)	20 fl oz	47 fl oz	7	0.5
	11	(azoxystrobin) Many brands available: Aframe, Azoxystar, Azoxystrobin, Azoxyzone, Equation, Heritage, Quadris, Satori, Trevo, Willowood Azoxy	15.5 fl oz	61.5 fl oz	0	4 hr	See individual labels.
	11	Cabrio EG (pyraclostrobin)	16 oz	96 oz	0	0.5
	11	Flint Extra Gem (trifloxystrobin)	3.0 oz	16 oz	3	0.5
	11 + 3	Quadris Top (azoxystrobin + difenoconazole)	14 fl oz	55.3 fl oz	0	0.5
	11 + 3	TopGuard EQ (azoxystrobin + flutriafol)	8 fl oz	32 fl oz	0	0.5
	19	Ph-D (polyoxin D zinc salt)	6.2 oz	See label	0	4 hr	Disease suppression only.
	22 + M05	Zing! (Zoxamide + chlorothalonil)	34 fl oz	See label	3	0.5
Botrytis gray mold	9	Alerity 62.5WG Vango WG (cyprodinil)	7 oz	See label	0	0.5
	7 + 3	Luna Flex (fluopyram + difenocoazole)	13.6 fl oz	27.2 fl oz	7	0.5
	22 + M05	Zing! (Zoxamide + chlorothalonil)	34 fl oz	See label	3	0.5
Damping off (Pythium, Rhizoctonia and other seed-borne and soilborne fungi)	M3	Signet 480FS 42-S Thiram (thiram)	6.5 fl oz/100 lb seed			1
	4	(mefenoxam) Many brands available: Apron XL, Ridomil Gold EC, Ridomil Gold SL, Ultra Flourish	SEE INDIVIDUAL LABELS			2
	4	(metalaxyl) Many brands available: Acquire, Allegiance FL, Metastar 2E, Sebring 2.65 ST, Sebring 318 FS, Sebring 480 FS	SEE INDIVIDUAL LABELS
	7 + 11	Priaxor (fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin)	8 fl oz	24 fl oz	0	0.5
	11	(azoxystrobin) Many brands available: Aframe, Azoxystar, Azoxystrobin, Azoxyzone, Equation, Heritage, Quadris, Satori, Trevo, Willowood Azoxy	See label		0	4 hr	For Rhizoctonia seedling rot.
	11	Dynasty (azoxystrobin)	0.38 fl oz/100 lb seed			4 hr
	12	Maxim 4 FS Spirato 480 FS Dynashield (fludioxonil)	0.16 fl oz/100 lb seed			0.5	See individual labels.
Gray leaf spot (Stemphylium)	3 + 4	Aprovia Top (difenoconazole + benzovindiflupyr)	13.5 fl oz	53.6 fl oz per year	0	0.5
	3 + 9	Inspire Super (cyprodinil + difenoconazole)	20 fl oz	47 fl oz	0	0.5
	7 + 11	Luna Sensation (fluopyram + trifloxystrobin)	7.6 fl oz	27.1 fl oz	3	0.5
	7 + 3	Luna Flex (fluopyram + difenocoazole)	13.6 fl oz	27.2 fl oz	7	0.5
	7 + 12	Miravis Prime (fludioxonil + pydiflumetofen)	11.4 fl oz/A	22.8 fl oz per year	0	0.5
	11	Flint Extra Gem (trifloxystrobin)	3.0 oz	16 oz	3	0.5
	11 + 3	Quadris Top (azoxystrobin + difenoconazole)	14 fl oz	55.3 fl oz	0	0.5
	49 + 4	Orondis Gold (oxathiapiprolin + mefenoxam)	55 fl oz/A				At planting. See label. For Pythium only.
Phomopsis blight	M1	(copper compounds) Many brands available: Americop 40DF, Badge SC, Badge X2, Basic Copper 53, Champ DP, Champ F2 FL, Champ WG, C-O-C DF, C-O-C-S WDG, C-O-C WP, Copper Count N, Cuprofix Ultra 40D, Kentan DF, Kocide 2000, Kocide 3000, Kocide DF, Master Cop, Nordox, Nordox 75WG, Nu Cop 3L, Nu Cop 50DF, Nu Cop 50WP, Nu Cop HB	SEE INDIVIDUAL LABELS		Varies by product from 0–1 day	Varies by product from 4 hr to 2 days
	M1 + M2	Top Cop with Sulfur (copper sulfate + sulfur)	2 qt			1
Phytophthora blight and crown rot (Phytophthora capsici)	M1	(copper compounds) Many brands available: Badge SC, Badge X2, C-O-C WDG, Cueva	SEE INDIVIDUAL LABELS		Varies by product from 0–1 day	Varies by product from 4 hr to 2 days
	4	Many brands available: Ridomil Gold SL, Ultra Flourish (mefenoxam)	1 pt	1.5 lb a.i.	7	2	See label; disease suppression only.
	11-	Reason 500SC (fenamidone)	8.2 fl oz	24.6 fl oz	14	0.5	Disease suppression only.
	21-	Ranman (cyazofamid)	2.75 fl oz	16.5 fl oz	0	0.5
	22-	Elumin (ethaboxam)	8 fl oz	16 fl oz	2	0.5	See label.
	29-	Omega 500F (fluazinam)	1.5 pt	9 pt	12	30
	33-	(phosphites) Many brands available: Confine Extra, Fosphite, Fungi-Phite, K-Phite, Rampart	SEE INDIVIDUAL LABELS
	40-	Forum (dimethomorph)	6 oz	30 oz	0	0.5
	40-	Revus (mandipropamid)	8 fl oz	32 fl oz	1	4 hr	Disease suppression only.
	40 + -45	Zampro (dimethomorph + ametoctradin)	14 fl oz	42 fl oz	4		See label.
	43-	Presidio (fluopicolide)	4 fl oz	12 fl oz	2	0.5
	49-	Orondis Gold 200 (oxathiapiprolin)	9.6 fl oz	19.2 fl oz	0	4 hr	Apply at transplant; see label.
	49 + 4-	Orondis Gold (oxathiapiprolin + mefenoxam)	55 fl oz/A				At planting. See label.
	49 + 40-	Orondis Ultra (oxathiapiprolin + manipropamid)	8 fl oz	32 fl oz per year	1	4 hr	See label.
Powdery mildew	M2	(sulfur) Many brands available: Cosavet DF, Kumulus DF Fungicide-Acaricide, Microfine Sulfur, Micro Sulf, Microthiol Disperss, Suffa, Sulfur 90 W/ Yellow Jacket Wettable Sulfur	SEE INDIVIDUAL LABELS		1	1
	M5	(chlorothalonil) Many brands available: Bravo Ultrex, Bravo Weather Stik, Chloronil 720, Echo 720, Equus 720 SST, Initiate	SEE INDIVIDUAL LABELS			0.5
	M5 + 27	Ariston (chlorothalonil + cymoxanil)	2.44 pt	17.5 pt per year	3	0.5
	M5 + 49	Orondis Opti (chlorothalonil + oxathiapiprolin)	2.5 pt	10 pt per year	3	0.5	See label.
	3	Mettle 125ME (tetraconazole)	8 fl oz	16 fl oz per year	0	0.5
	3	Rally 40WSP Sonoma 40WSP (myclobutanil)	SEE INDIVIDUAL LABELS		0	1
	3	Rhyme (flutriafol)	7 fl oz	28 fl oz	0	12	Use of silicone- or oil-based additives may result in negative crop response. In situations where an adjuvant is necessary, use of a nonionic surfactant 0.125% v/v is recommended.
	3	Topguard (flutriafol)	14 fl oz	56 fl oz	0	0.5
	3 + 7	Aprovia Top (difenoconazole + benzovindiflupyr)	13.5 fl oz	53.6 fl oz per year	0	0.5
	7	Fontelis (penthiopyrad)	24 fl oz	72 fl oz	0	0.5
	7 + 3	Luna Flex (fluopyram + difenocoazole)	13.6 fl oz	27.2 fl oz	7	0.5
	7 + 11	Luna Sensation (fluopyram + trifloxystrobin)	7.6 fl oz	27.1 fl oz	3	0.5
	7 + 11	Priaxor (fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin)	8 fl oz	24 fl oz	0	0.5
	7 + 12	Miravis Prime (fludioxonil + pydiflumetofen)	11.4 fl oz	22.8 fl oz per year	0	0.5
	9	Vango WG (cyprodinil)	7 oz	28 oz	0	0.5
	9 + 3	Inspire Super (cyprodinil + difenoconazole)	20 fl oz	47 fl oz	0	0.5
	9 + 12	Switch Alerity 62.5WG (cyprodinil + fludioxonil)	14 oz	56 oz	0	0.5	Follow resistance management recommendations on label.
	11	(azoxystrobin) Many brands available: Aframe, Azoxystar, Azoxystrobin, Azoxyzone, Equation, Heritage, Quadris, Satori, Trevo, Willowood Azoxy					See individual labels.
	11	Cabrio EG (pyraclostrobin)	16 oz	96 oz	0	0.5
	11 + 3	Quadris Top (azoxystrobin + difenoconazole)	14 fl oz	55.3 fl oz	0	0.5
	11 + 3	TopGuard EQ (azoxystrobin + flutriafol)	8 fl oz	32 fl oz	0	0.5
	12	Emblem (fludioxonil)	7 fl oz	28 fl oz per year	0	0.5
	13	Quintec (quinoxyfen)	6 fl oz	24 fl oz	3	0.5	See label.
	19	Ph-D WDG (polyoxin D zinc salt)	6.2 oz	See label	0	4 hr
	50	Prolivo 300SC (pyriofenone)	5 fl oz	16 fl oz per year	0	4	Follow resistance management on label.
	50	Vivando (metrafenone)	15.4 fl oz	46.2 fl oz	0	0.5	Apply prior to symptoms of powdery mildew.
Sclerotinia	7 + 11	Priaxor (fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin)	8 fl oz	24 fl oz	0	0.5
Septoria leaf spot	M1	Cueva (copper octanoate)	SEE LABEL
	7	Fontelis (penthiopyrad)	24 fl oz	72 fl oz	0	0.5
	7 + 3	Luna Flex (fluopyram + difenocoazole)	13.6 fl oz	27.2 fl oz	7	0.5
	7 + 11	Luna Sensation (fluopyram + trifloxystrobin)	7.6 fl oz	27.1 fl oz	3	0.5
	7 + 11	Priaxor (fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin)	8 fl oz	24 fl oz	0	0.5
	7 + 12	Miravis Prime (fludioxonil + pydiflumetofen)	11.4 fl oz	22.8 fl oz per year	0	0.5
	9 + 3	Inspire Super (cyprodinil + difenoconazole)	20 fl oz	47 fl oz	0	0.5
	11	Cabrio EG (pyraclostrobin)	16 oz	96 oz	0	0.5
	11	Flint Extra Gem (trifloxystrobin)	3.0 oz	16 oz	3	0.5	Disease suppression only. See individual labels.
	11	Reason 500 SC (fenamidone)	8.2 fl oz	24.6 fl oz	14	0.5	Disease suppression only.
White mold	7 + 11	Luna Sensation (fluopyram + trifloxystrobin)	7.6 fl oz	27.1 fl oz	3	0.5	Disease suppression only.
	7 + 11	Priaxor (fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin)	8 fl oz	24 fl oz	0	0.5
¹FRAC code (fungicide group): Numbers (1–54) and letters (U and P) are used to distinguish the fungicide mode of action groups. All fungicides within the same group (with same number or letter) indicate the same active ingredient or similar mode of action. This information must be considered for the fungicide resistance management decisions. U = unknown, or a mode of action that has not been classified yet and is typically associated with another number; P = host plant defense inducers. Source: FRAC Code List 2024; http://www.frac.info/ (FRAC = Fungicide Resistance Action Committee). ²Information provided in this table applies only to Florida. Be sure to read a current product label before applying any chemical. The use of brand names and any mention or listing of commercial products or services in the publication does not imply endorsement by UF/IFAS Extension nor discrimination against similar products or services not mentioned.

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Table 6. Nonfumigant nematicides for eggplants in Florida. Contact: Johan Desaeger, UF/IFAS Gulf Coast Research and Education Center.

Product	Application Directions
Vydate L (a.i. oxamyl)	Apply ½ to 1 gal/A at planting, preferably via drip application. Make additional applications on a 10-to-14-day interval. Do not apply more than 3 gal/A per season. Minimum retreatment interval is 7 days unless a longer interval is stated. Do not make more than 8 applications per season.
Nimitz (a.i. fluensulfone)	All applications must be incorporated either physically or via drip or overhead irrigation. Make preplant applications at a rate of 3.5–7 pt/A (56.0–80.0 fl oz/A) a minimum of 7 days before planting. Do not plant any unlisted crops into treated land for 365 days after application of the product. Do not apply more than 1 application per crop and no more than 112 fl oz/A per year (365 days). Provides control only for nematodes. Growers applying Nimitz must consult the product label to observe the plant-back (recropping) intervals for a variety of leafy vegetables and brassica crops, onions, bananas, sugarcane, and other crops.
Velum (a.i. fluopyram)	Apply max 6.84 fl oz/A using only chemigation into root-zone through low-pressure drip, trickle, microsprinkler, or equivalent equipment. Observe minimum 5-day interval between soil applications. Do not apply more than 13.7 fl oz/A of Velum (0.446 lb/A fluopyram) per year, regardless of formulation (Velum and/or Luna) or method of application (soil or foliar). For soil application, to limit the potential for development of disease resistance to this chemical class, the first foliar fungicide application after Velum should be a product from a different FRAC group.
Biological nematicides	See chapter 19
Vydate is an insecticide/nematicide; Velum is a fungicide/nematicide; Nimitz is a true nematicide. Unlike fumigants, these products are not volatile and will move through the soil via water; depending on the water solubility, these products will have different recommendations as far as how to best apply them (see specific label recommendations); when nematode pressure is high, they may not be as consistently effective against root nematodes as the fumigants.

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Table 7. Fumigant nematicides for eggplants in Florida.

Nematicide	Broadcast Application¹		In-the-Row Applications
	Gallons per Acre	fl oz/1000 ft/chisel-spaced 12" apart
Telone II^2,3	9–12	26–35	For any row spacing, application rates given may be concentrated in the row but shall never exceed the labeled maximum for broadcast applications. Consult the product label for additional detail.
Telone C-17^2,3	10.8–17.1	31.8–50.2	For any row spacing, application rates given may be concentrated in the row but shall never exceed the labeled maximum for broadcast applications. Consult the product label for additional detail.
Telone C-35^2,3	13–20.5	38–60	For any row spacing, application rates given may be concentrated in the row but shall never exceed labeled maximum for broadcast applications. Consult the product label for additional detail.
Telone InLine^2,3	13–20.5	-	For drip fumigation, consult the product label for overall rate, drip concentration, and flow-modifying application directions.
Pic Clor 60^2,3	19.5–31.5	57–90	Consult product label for overall rate and chisel flow-modifying application directions.
Pic Clor 60 EC^2,3	19.5–31.5	-	For drip fumigation, consult product label for proportionately reduced overall rates, drip concentration, and drip flow-modifying directions and procedures.
Vapam HL	75	-	For drip or in-row fumigation and crop termination, consult product label for proportionately reduced overall rates, drip concentration, and flow-modifying directions and procedures.
KPam HL	60	-	For drip or in-row fumigation and crop termination, consult product label for proportionately reduced overall rates, drip concentration, and flow-modifying directions.
Allyl Isothiocyanate (AITC) Dominus	40	-	For drip or in-row fumigation and crop termination, consult product label for overall rates, drip concentration, and flow-modifying directions.
¹ Gallons/acre and fl oz/1000 feet provided only for mineral soils. Higher rates may be possible for heavier-textured (loam, silt, clay) or highly organic soils. ² All of the fumigants mentioned are for retail sale and use only by state-certified applicators or persons under their direct supervision. New supplemental labeling for the Telone products must be in the hands of the user at the time of application. See label details for additional use restrictions based on soil characteristics, buffer zones, requirements for personal protective equipment (PPE), mandatory good agricultural practices (GAPs), product and applicator training certification, and rate-modifying recommendations with use of highly retentive Totally Impermeable mulch films (TIF). ³ Higher application rates are possible in the presence of cyst-forming nematodes.
Rates are believed to be correct for products named, and similar products of other brand names, when applied to mineral soils. Higher rates are required for muck (organic) soils. However, the grower has the final responsibility to see that each product is used legally; read the label of the product to be sure that you are using it properly.

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Chapter 8. Eggplant Production

Botany and Planting

Cultivars

Traditional Types

Specialty Types

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