Broschat, Timothy K

Palm Morphology and Anatomy

T. K. Broschat

Palms differ greatly from broadleaf (dicot) and coniferous (Gymnosperm) trees in their overall form and external structure (morphology) and in their internal structure (anatomy). Morphology and anatomy determine how palms grow, function, and respond to external and internal stress factors. This publication provides a basic understanding of how palms are constructed.

Nutrition and Fertilization of Palms in Containers

Timothy K. Broschat

Palms growing in containers are susceptible to the same deficiencies that landscape palms experience, but the relative importance of the various deficiencies as well as their causes are different. Container substrates are generally more acidic and have greater nutrient-holding capacity than Florida native soils. Thus leaching and insolubility of nutrients are much less of a problem. Also, container-grown palms are often fertilized with more complete controlled-release fertilizers or regular liquid fertilization, which prevents most deficiencies from occurring.

Field Production of Palms

Timothy K. Broschat, Alan W. Meerow, and Jack Miller

Field production is the most practical means of producing large palm specimens, and it has several advantages over container production. Yield per acre can be maximized compared to many other woody ornamentals because of the columnar growth habit of most palms and their ability to survive transplanting with a minimal root ball. When dug and tied properly, many more palms can be loaded into a standard shipping container than could similarly sized trees. Palms also offer great versatility in the method of field harvesting.

How to Minimize Wind Damage in the South Florida Landscape

Timothy K. Broschat and Derek Burch

Windstorms are always a matter of concern, but trees that have been selected properly, sited with care, and maintained so as to have a sturdy form and an open canopy stand the best chance of surviving intact and not adding to the damage in the area. It is worth learning how to prune and shape trees in order to minimize the risks of damage.

Nutrient Deficiency Symptoms of Woody Ornamental Plants in South Florida

Timothy K. Broschat

Although about 16 elements are required for normal plant growth, only a few of these elements are commonly deficient in Florida landscape plants. The purpose of this document is to describe and illustrate typical symptoms for common nutrient deficiencies in trees and shrubs grown in south Florida landscapes.

Nitrogen Deficiency in Palms

Timothy K. Broschat

This document is ENH1016, one of a series of the Department of Environmental Horticulture, UF/IFAS Extension.

Manganese Deficiency in Palms

Timothy K. Broschat

This document is ENH1015, one of a series of the Department of Environmental Horticulture, UF/IFAS Extension.

Normal "Abnormalities" in Palms

Timothy K. Broschat and Monica L. Elliott

Pruning Palms

Timothy K. Broschat

Perhaps the most fundamental question to answer when discussing palm pruning is what should a healthy, properly pruned palm look like? Consumers must be educated that palms are supposed to have round crowns, not feather-duster crowns.

Native Trees for South Florida

A. W. Meerow, T. K. Broschat, and H. M. Donselman

In recent years, the subject of native plants has taken on new significance in Florida horticulture. Many counties are considering landscape ordinances that require that a percentage of native plant materials be used in all future developments. Several have already implemented such ordinances. This will result in a need for wider availability of native plant materials. Woody landscape plant producers, landscape architects, and home gardeners in Florida need to become informed about and prepared for the production and cultural needs of native plants.

Magnesium Deficiency in Palms

Timothy K. Broschat

This document is ENH 1014, one of a series of the Department of Environmental Horticulture, UF/IFAS Extension.

Rhapis excelsa: Lady Palm

Timothy K. Broschat

Boron Deficiency in Palms

Timothy K. Broschat

Chronic boron deficiency is believed to be caused by soil drying and high soil pH, while temporary deficiency is caused by heavy leaching. It results in a wide array of symptoms, not only among species of palms, but also within a single species. This revised 5-page fact sheet contains many illustrations to aid in diagnosis and management recommendations.

Nutrient Deficiencies of Landscape and Field-Grown Palms in Florida

Timothy K. Broschat

This document describes the most common nutrient deficiencies of palms in Florida landscapes or field nurseries.

Potassium Deficiency in Palms

Timothy K. Broschat

Ganoderma Butt Rot of Palms

Monica L. Elliott and Timothy K. Broschat

Roystonea regia: Royal Palm

T. K. Broschat

A UF/IFAS numbered Organism ID. Published by Plant Systems

Container Production of Palms

Alan W. Meerow and Timothy K. Broschat

A UF/IFAS numbered Fact Sheet for Commercial audience(s).

Not All Landscape Palm Fertilizers Are Created Equal

Timothy K. Broschat

A UF/IFAS numbered Fact Sheet. in support of UF/IFAS Extension program: Plant Systems

Syagrus romanzoffiana: Queen Palm

Timothy K. Broschat, Ryan W. Klein, and Deborah R. Hilbert

A UF/IFAS numbered Organism ID. Published by Urban Water

Washingtonia robusta: Mexican Fan Palm

Timothy K. Broschat, Ryan W. Klein and Deborah R. Hilbert

A UF/IFAS numbered Organism ID. Published by Urban Water

Palm Seed Germination

Alan W. Meerow and Timothy K. Broschat

A UF/IFAS numbered Fact Sheet.

Sabal palmetto: Sabal or Cabbage Palm

T. K. Broschat

A UF/IFAS numbered Organism ID. Published by Urban Water

Ornamental Palms for Central Florida

Timothy K. Broschat and James E. Davis

A UF/IFAS numbered Fact Sheet for Homeowner audience(s).

Transplanting Palms in the Landscape

Timothy K. Broschat

A UF/IFAS numbered Fact Sheet.

Physiological Disorders of Landscape Palms

Timothy K. Broschat

A UF/IFAS numbered Fact Sheet.

Enviroscaping to Conserve Energy: Trees for South Florida

Timothy K. Broschat, Alan W. Meerow, and Robert J. Black

A UF/IFAS numbered Fact Sheet.

Phoenix roebelenii: Pygmy Date Palm

Timothy K. Broschat, Ryan W. Klein, and Deborah R. Hilbert

A UF/IFAS numbered Organism ID. Published by Plant Systems

Butia odorata: Pindo Palm

Timothy K. Broschat, Ryan W. Klein, and Deborah R. Hilbert

A UF/IFAS numbered Organism ID. Published by Plant Systems

Hurricane-Damaged Palms in the Landscape: Care after the Storm

Monica L. Elliott and Timothy Broschat

A UF/IFAS numbered Fact Sheet.

Bismarckia nobilis: Bismarck Palm

Timothy K. Broschat

A UF/IFAS numbered Organism ID. Published by Urban Water

Cold Damage on Palms

Timothy K. Broschat

A UF/IFAS numbered Fact Sheet.

Adonidia merrillii: Christmas Palm

Timothy K. Broschat

A UF/IFAS numbered Organism ID. Published by Plant Systems

Acoelorrhaphe wrightii: Paurotis Palm

Timothy K. Broschat, Ryan W. Klein, and Deborah R. Hilbert

A UF/IFAS numbered Organism ID. Published by Plant Systems

Regenerated Sabal/Cabbage Palms (Sabal palmetto): Why and How

Stephen H. Brown and Tim Broschat

A UF/IFAS numbered Fact Sheet for Commercial audience(s). Published by Plant Systems

Livistona chinensis: Chinese Fan Palm

Timothy K. Broschat, Ryan W. Klein, and Deborah R. Hilbert

A UF/IFAS numbered Organism ID. Published by Plant Systems

Fertilization of Field-Grown and Landscape Palms in Florida

Timothy K. Broschat

A UF/IFAS numbered Fact Sheet. in support of UF/IFAS Extension program: Urban Water

Iron Deficiency in Palms

Timothy K. Broschat

A UF/IFAS numbered Fact Sheet.

Metsulfuron-Methyl-Containing Herbicides Potentially Damaging Ornamentals when Applied to Turfgrass

Chris Marble, Jason Smith, Timothy K. Broschat, Adam Black, Ed Gilman, and Celeste White

A UF/IFAS numbered Fact Sheet. in support of UF/IFAS Extension program: Integrated Pest Management

Ornamental Palms for South Florida

Timothy K. Broschat and Robert J. Black

A UF/IFAS numbered Fact Sheet.