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Fumigant and Nonfumigant Nematicides Labeled for Agronomic Crops in Florida

Zane Grabau

Plant-parasitic nematodes can cause severe yield loss of agronomic crops in Florida. Chemical products for managing plant-parasitic nematodes are called conventional nematicides. There are a few nematicides registered for use in Florida; however, some can only be used on one or two agronomic crops. Nematicides must be applied as indicated on the product label, including the crops listed and methods described. As an aid for Florida agricultural professionals, conventional, chemical-based nematicide products labeled and available for Florida agronomic crops at the time of publication are listed in Table 1.

Conventional nematicides can be divided into two categories: fumigants and nonfumigants. Fumigants are broad-spectrum pesticides where the active ingredient moves through the soil as a gas. Fumigants are not taken up by plants or bound by soil, so they do not have a long period of residual pesticidal activity. Nonfumigants are formulated in liquid or granular states and are moved through the soil by water. Nonfumigants may have activity against multiple pests, particularly if they contain more than one active ingredient, but generally, they have a narrower spectrum of activity than that of fumigants. Some but not all nonfumigant nematicides are systemic, meaning the active ingredient is taken up by the plant and translocated throughout the plant. Further information about how nematicides work can be found in EDIS publication ENY-041, Movement and Toxicity of Nematicides in the Plant Root Zone.

There are a variety of different methods by which nematicides are applied, and they must be applied as specified on the label. Fumigant nematicides, and some liquid nonfumigants, may be injected into the soil with a shank or similar equipment. Some nematicides may be applied through irrigation systems, a process called chemigation. Chemigation can only be done through drip irrigation systems for some nematicides, particularly fumigants, while some nematicides, particularly liquid nonfumigants, may be applied through overhead sprinkler irrigation systems. Some liquid nonfumigants may be sprayed onto foliage, onto soil, or into the planting furrow. Depending on the product, granular nematicides may be applied in-furrow, as a broadcast, in a band over the closed furrow, or in a band where the crop will be planted. They must be mechanically incorporated into the soil. Application methods and the activity spectrum for agronomic crop nematicides are summarized in Table 2.

Nematicides are also available as seed treatments for some seed-grown agronomic crops. Generally, the seeds will come pretreated with the nematicidal product, so growers do not have to determine if a product is labeled for a given crop. Seed treatments may protect early growth stages of the crop from nematodes, resulting in some yield increase, but are unlikely to have large impacts on yield or nematode population densities because nematicides applied as a seed treatment are not distributed widely in the soil.

Table 1. Conventional fumigant and nonfumigant nematicides labeled for specific Florida agronomic crops. Contact: Zane Grabau, UF/IFAS Entomology and Nematology Department.1

 

Nematicidal active ingredient(s)2

Product(s)

Crop

Corn

Cotton

Peanut

Potato

Soybean

Sorghum

Sugarcane

Tobacco

Fumigants

Allyl isothiocyanate

Dominus

 

 

 

yes

 

 

 

 

Metam Potassium

K-Pam HL2

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

 

 

yes

1,3-Dichloropropene

Telone II, InLine2

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

1,3-Dichloropropene;

Chloropicrin

Telone C17, Telone C35,

Pic Chlor 60EC3

 

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

Chloropicrin

Chloropicrin 99%2

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

Metam Sodium

Vapam HL3

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

 

 

yes

Nonfumigants

Aldicarb

AgLogic 15GG

 

yes

yes

 

 

 

 

 

Terbufos

Counter 20G

yes

 

 

 

 

yes

 

 

Ethoprop

Mocap 15G

yes

 

 

yes

 

 

yes

yes

Ethoprop

Mocap EC

 

 

 

yes

 

 

 

 

Spirotetramat

Movento

 

 

 

yes

 

 

 

 

Fluensulfone

Nimitz

 

 

 

yes

 

 

 

yes

Fluopyram

Propulse4

yes

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fluazaindolizine

Salibro

 

 

 

yes

 

 

 

 

Fluopyram

Velum

yes

yes

yes

 

yes

yes

 

yes

Fluopyram

Velum Prime

 

 

 

yes

 

 

 

 

Fluopyram

Velum Rise4

 

 

 

yes

 

 

 

 

Oxamyl

Vydate C-LV3

 

yes

yes

yes

 

 

 

yes

Oxamyl

Vydate L3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

yes

1 This information was compiled as a quick reference for commercial Florida agronomic professionals. The mention of a chemical or proprietary product in this publication does not constitute a written recommendation or an endorsement for its use by the University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or practices that may be suitable. Products mentioned in this publication are subject to changing state and federal rules, regulations, and restrictions. Product names may change and additional products may become available or approved for use. Growers have the final responsibility to guarantee that each product is use legally.

2 Restricted use pesticides are listed in bold

3 For these active ingredients, multiple products and formulations may be available. Product names are listed as examples only and are not inclusive of every option.

4 Propulse and Velum Rise formulations also include the fungicides prothiconazole and penflufen respectively.

Table 2. Properties of fumigant and nonfumigant nematicides labeled for specific Florida agronomic crops. Contact: Zane Grabau, UF/IFAS Entomology and Nematology Department.1

 

Product name(s)2

Application Methods

Timing

Systemic?

Activity against other pathogens or pests

Fungal pathogens

Insects

Weeds

Fumigant3

Dominus

I,D

Preplant

 

yes

Yes4

yes

K-Pam HL, Vapam HL

I,O,D

Preplant

 

yes

Yes4

yes

Telone II, Telone C35

I

Preplant

 

yes

Yes4

yes

Telone EC, InLine

D

Preplant

 

yes

Yes4

yes

Nonfumigant

AgLogic 15GG

G

At-plant

yes

 

yes

 

Counter 20G

G

At-plant

yes

 

yes

 

Mocap 15G

G

Preplant or at-plant

 

 

Yes4

 

Mocap EC

SS

Preplant or a-plant

 

 

Yes4

 

Movento

O,FS,SS

?

yes

 

yes

 

Nimitz

D,O,SS

Preplant

 

 

 

 

Propulse

IS, FS

At-plant or in-season

 

yes

 

 

Salibro

D,SS,IS

Flexible

 

 

 

 

Velum

IS,O,D

Flexible

 

yes

yes

 

Velum Prime

IS,O,D

At-plant or in-season

 

yes

 

 

Velum Rise

SS,IS

Preplant or at-plant

 

yes

 

 

Vydate C-LV

FS,SS,I,O

Flexible

yes

 

yes

 

Vydate L

SS,IS

Flexible

yes

 

yes

 

1 Consult label for legal application methods. Some methods may not be allowed for particular crops. I=injection, D=application through drip irrigation, O=chemigation through overhead irrigation systems, G=granular nematicide incorporated into soil, FS=foliar spray, SS=soil spray, IS=in-furrow soil spray

2 Restricted use pesticides are listed in bold

3 Fumigants are grouped by application method. Product names are listed as examples only and are not inclusive of every option.

4 Fumigants and ethoprop products have activity against soil insects only.

 

Publication #ENY065

Release Date:February 26, 2024

Related Experts

Grabau, Zane

Specialist/SSA/RSA

University of Florida

  • Critical Issue: Agricultural and Food Systems
Fact Sheet
Commercial

About this Publication

This document is ENY065, one of a series of the Entomology and Nematology Department, UF/IFAS Extension. Original publication date December 2016. Revised November 2019 and December 2023. Visit the EDIS website at https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu for the currently supported version of this publication.

About the Authors

Zane Grabau, assistant professor, Entomology and Nematology Department; UF/IFAS Extension, Gainesville, FL 32611.

Contacts

  • Zane Grabau
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