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Sugarcane Cultivar Descriptive Fact Sheet: CPCL 02-6848 and CPCL 05-1201

Hardev Sandhu and Wayne Davidson

CPCL 02-6848 (Sandhu et al. 2014) and CPCL 05-1201 (Edmé et al. 2016). Cultivars were released commercially in 2012 and were quickly adopted by local sugarcane growers because of high yields and moderate to high resistance against major sugarcane diseases in Florida. Based on the total acreage during the 2019–2020 cane planting season, these two cultivars are ranked among the 'Principal varieties' with more than 1% of total acreage in Florida (VanWeelden et al. 2020). CPCL 05-1201 is ranked second with more than 17% of total sugarcane acreage in Florida.

CPCL 02-6848 and CPCL 05-1201 were developed through the cooperative agreement between the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) in Canal Point, the UF/IFAS Everglades Research and Education Center in Belle Glade, and the Florida Sugar Cane League. Crosses for both cultivars were made at the US Sugar Corporation in Clewiston (CL) and later evaluated at different stages through the cooperative breeding and selection program based at Canal Point (CP), as indicated by the prefix 'CPCL' in their names. This fact sheet provides basic information (Table 1) and yield and disease information (Table 2) for CPCL 02-6848 and CPCL 05-1201 to assist growers in management of these cultivars. The yields of both cultivars are compared with those of the reference cultivars (CP 89-2143 for muck and CP 78-1628 for sand) planted in the same field trials.

CPCL 02-6848

CPCL 02-6848 was released for both muck (organic) and sand (mineral) soils in Florida. It is currently grown on 2,314 acres on muck soil (0.8% of total muck production acreage) and 1,918 acres on sand soil (1.8% of total sand production acreage). It is ranked 13th in total sugarcane acreage in Florida. CPCL 02-6848 carries the Bru1 gene that provides resistance to brown rust. It is also resistant to smut and moderately resistant to leaf scald, Sugarcane Mosaic Virus (SCMV), and ratoon stunting disease (RSD). Maintenance of high cane yields in ratoon crops (first and second ratoon) in CPCL 02-6848 is important, especially on sandy soils where ratooning is a major concern due to low soil fertility. CPCL 02-6848 is susceptible to orange rust and requires fungicide applications to avoid yield loss which is the primary reason of decline in its acreage in last two years.

Figure 1. CPCL 02-6848 at early growth stage in muck soil.
Figure 1.  CPCL 02-6848 at early growth stage in muck soil.
Credit: Wayne Davidson, Florida Sugar Cane League

 

Figure 2. CPCL 02-6848 at early growth stage in sand soil.
Figure 2.  CPCL 02-6848 at early growth stage in sand soil.
Credit: Wayne Davidson, Florida Sugar Cane League

 

Figure 3. CPCL 02-6848 at late growth stage in sand soil.
Figure 3.  CPCL 02-6848 at late growth stage in sand soil.
Credit: Wayne Davidson, Florida Sugar Cane League

 

Figure 4. CPCL 02-6848 top.
Figure 4.  CPCL 02-6848 top.
Credit: Wayne Davidson, Florida Sugar Cane League

 

Figure 5. CPCL 02-6848 mature stalks.
Figure 5.  CPCL 02-6848 mature stalks.
Credit: Wayne Davidson, Florida Sugar Cane League

 

Figure 6. CPCL 02-6848 bud.
Figure 6.  CPCL 02-6848 bud.
Credit: Wayne Davidson, Florida Sugar Cane League

 

Figure 7. CPCL 02-6848 internode cross-section (diameter compared to a quarter).
Figure 7.  CPCL 02-6848 internode cross-section (diameter compared to a quarter).
Credit: Wayne Davidson, Florida Sugar Cane League

 

CPCL 05-1201

CPCL 05-1201 was also released for both muck and sand soil. According to the latest sugarcane variety census, CPCL 05-1201 is cultivated on 54,027 acres on muck soil (19.8% of total acreage on muck) and 12,809 acres on sand soil (11.8% of total acreage on sand). It is ranked second in total sugarcane acreage in Florida. Key features of this cultivar include high tonnage and moderate to complete resistance to most sugarcane diseases in Florida. CPCL 05-1201 yields were also high under successive planting on muck soil. Sucrose concentration is acceptable. High biomass production compensates for the sucrose concentration. CPCL 05-1201 carries the Bru1 gene that provides resistance against brown rust. This cultivar is also moderately resistant to orange rust.

Figure 8. CPCL 05-1201 in early growth in muck soil.
Figure 8.  CPCL 05-1201 in early growth in muck soil.
Credit: Wayne Davidson, Florida Sugar Cane League

 

Figure 9. CPCL 05-1201 in late growth in muck soil.
Figure 9.  CPCL 05-1201 in late growth in muck soil.
Credit: Wayne Davidson, Florida Sugar Cane League

 

Figure 10. CPCL 05-1201 top with auricles.
Figure 10.  CPCL 05-1201 top with auricles.
Credit: Wayne Davidson, Florida Sugar Cane League

 

Figure 11. CPCL 05-1201 bud.
Figure 11.  CPCL 05-1201 bud.
Credit: Wayne Davidson, Florida Sugar Cane League

 

Figure 12. CPCL 05-1201 internode cross-section (diameter compared to a quarter).
Figure 12.  CPCL 05-1201 internode cross-section (diameter compared to a quarter).
Credit: Wayne Davidson, Florida Sugar Cane League

References

Edmé, S. J., R. W. Davidson, D. Zhao, J. C. Comstock, H. S. Sandhu, B. Glaz, S. Milligan, et al. 2016. "Registration of 'CPCL 05-1201' sugarcane." J. Plant Reg. 10: 14–21.

Sandhu, H. S., B. S. Glaz, S. J. Edmé, R. W. Davidson, D. Zhao, J. C. Comstock, R. A. Gilbert, et al. 2014. "Registration of 'CPCL 02-6848' sugarcane." J. Plant Reg. 8: 155–161.

VanWeelden, M. T., S. Swanson, W. Davidson, M. Baltazar, and  R. W. Rice. 2020. "Sugarcane variety census: Florida 2019." Sugar J. 83: 8–20.

Table 1. 

Basic information on CPCL 02-6848 and CPCL 05-1201.

Trait

CPCL 02-6848

CPCL 05-1201

Release Date

2012

2012

Soil Type

Muck and sand

Muck and sand

Parents

CL 92-2533 x Poly 01-9

CL 87-2882 x CL 93-2679

Freeze Tolerance

Moderate to poor

Moderate

Flowering

Generally none

Light to moderate beginning in mid-December

Key Features

High tonnage in plant cane through second ratoon; resistance to brown rust and smut; improved drought tolerance

Resistant or moderately resistant to many of the most common sugarcane diseases in Florida; high tonnage; good for both fallow and successive plantings

Limiting Features

Susceptibility to orange rust; moderate breakage in early planted fields

Low sugar on muck soil (best for late season sugar)

Other Issues

Light ring spot symptoms and light rust mite damage in the fall

Light ring spot; light to heavy cold banding

Table 2. 

Yield parameters and disease reactions of CPCL 02-6848 and CPCL 05-1201.

Trait

CPCL 02-6848 (yields are compared to CP 89-2143 in muck and CP 78-1628 in sand)

CPCL 05-1201 (yields are compared to CP 89-2143 in muck and CP 78-1628 in sand)

Tons of Cane per Acre (TCA)

Muck=72.9 (+22%) Sand=49.3 (+23%)

Muck=72.3 (+21%) Sand=41.5 (+4%)

Commercially Recoverable Sucrose (CRS) (lb/ton of cane)

Muck=230.4 (-3%) Sand=243.3 (+4%)

Muck=232.2 (-2%)

Sand=258.7 (+1%)

Tons of Sugar per Acre (TSA)

Muck=8.4 (+17%)

Sand=5.9 (+27%)

Muck=8.5 (+18%)

Sand=4.9 (+6%)

Economic Index1

Muck=$1,288 (+14%) Sand=$911 (+37%)

Muck=$1,309 (+16%) Sand=$712 (+7%)

Fiber

13%

10.3%

Brown Rust

R

R

Bru12

+

+

Orange Rust

S

MR

Leaf Scald

MR

MR

Smut

R

R

SCMV3

MR

R

RSD4

MR

R

SCYLV5

S

S

1 Economic index is the dollar value of crop on per acre basis. It is calculated based on sugar yield, price of raw sugar, and harvesting and milling costs.

2 Bru1 is the gene that provides resistance against brown rust disease.

3 SCMV stands for Sugarcane Mosaic Virus, which causes sugarcane mosaic disease.

4 RSD stands for ratoon stunting disease.

5 SCYLV stands for Sugarcane Yellow Leaf Virus, which causes yellow leaf disease.

Disease ratings: R=Resistant; MR=Moderately resistant; MS=Moderately susceptible; S=Susceptible